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丈

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 𠀋 and 大
丈 U+4E08, 丈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E08
← 万
[U+4E07] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 三 →
[U+4E09]

Translingual

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Stroke order
3 strokes

Han character

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丈 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 十大 (JK), four-corner 50000, composition ⿻𠂇㇏)

Derived characters

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Further reading

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 76, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11
  • Dae Jaweon: page 137, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 9, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E08

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 丈
alternative forms 𠀋
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 丈
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
s01638
Transcribed ancient scripts
L35087
L17509
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (丈) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丈 *daŋʔ
杖 *daŋʔ
仗 *daŋʔ, *daŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 又 (“hand”) – ten chi (尺) is one zhang (丈). Similar but unrelated to 支.

Etymology

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"gentleman, older man, husband"
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *zrjaŋ ~ rjaŋ (“uncle, superior”) (Schuessler (2007), STEDT; compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part, rise, raise, top, summit”)). Cognate with 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) "upwards", Tibetan ཨ་ཞང (a zhang, “maternal uncle”), Burmese အရှင် (a.hrang, “master, lord”), etc.
"unit of measurement"
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, compare Mizo ṭâng " kai (“to measure (v.), a measure (n.) from the tip of the middle finger from one side to a spot between the breast bone and the other side's armpit”) (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • dâung - unit of measure;
  • diông/tiông - kinship term.
Note:
  • tiūⁿ/tiōⁿ/tiǔⁿ, tn̄g/tňg - vernacular;
  • tiōng/tiāng/tiǒng - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: deng6 / ziang6 / diên6 / dion6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̆ng / tsiăng / tiĕⁿ / tiŏⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tɯŋ³⁵/, /t͡siaŋ³⁵/, /tĩẽ³⁵/, /tĩõ³⁵/
Note:
  • deng6 - unit of measurement;
  • ziang6 - “to measure”;
  • diên6/dion6 - “gentleman”.
Note: za - as in "father-in-law", see 丈人.
Rime
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直兩切
Baxter drjangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖɨaŋX/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiaŋX/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭaŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zoeng6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhàng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ drjangX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]raŋʔ/
English ten feet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 丈
Reading # 1/1
No. 16836
Phonetic
component 		丈
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		丈
Old
Chinese 		/*daŋʔ/

Definitions

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丈

  1. A unit of measurement.
    1. The zhang, a traditional Chinese unit of length equal to 10 chi (尺)
    2. The mainland zhang, a unit of length standardized in 1984 as 3 1/3 meters.
      Synonym: 市丈 (shìzhàng)
    3. The Taiwanese zhang, a unit of length standardized as 3 1/33 meters, identical to the Japanese jō.
    4. The Hong Kong jeuhng, standardized as 3.71475 meters.
  2. to survey (land); to measure
  3. gentleman; man; husband
    丈夫  ―  zhàngfū  ―  husband

See also

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Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 丈
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3]
丈󠄁
丈+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
丈󠄃
丈+&#xE0103;?
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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丈

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Alternative forms

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 丈 (MC drjangX).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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丈(じょう) • (jō) ←ぢやう (dyau)?

  1. jō, a traditional Japanese unit of length based on 10 shaku, standardized as equal to 3+1⁄33 meters.

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
丈
たけ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
長

⟨take2⟩ → /takje/ → /take/

Cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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丈(たけ) • (take) 

  1. height
    • 970–999, Utsubo Monogatari, page Toshikage:
      言ひ教ふる事もなくておほし立つるに、年にもあはず、丈高く心賢し。
      His wife, a princess of the blood, bore him a son, who proved to be clever by nature, and grew up into a boy of superior mien and disposition.

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
丈
だけ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 丈 – see the following entry.
【だけ】
[particle] in a negative, limiting sense: only, just, limit
[particle] in a positive, non-limiting sense: amount, as much as
(This term, 丈, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Usage notes

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  • This term is often spelled in hiragana. The kanji spelling is rarely used.

Etymology 4

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Proper noun

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丈(じょう) • (Jō) ←ぢやう (Dyau)?

  1. a male given name
Compounds
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References

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  1. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “丈”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  2. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 23 (paper), page 61 (digital)
  3. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 20 (paper), page 22 (digital)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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丈 (eumhun 어른 장 (eoreun jang))

  1. A unit of measurement equal to the Chinese zhang

References

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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丈: Hán Việt readings: trượng
丈: Nôm readings: trượng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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