敝

敝 U+655D, 敝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-655D ← 敜 [U+655C] CJK Unified Ideographs 敞 → [U+655E]

Translingual

Han character

敝 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火月人大 (FBOK), four-corner 9824₀, composition ⿰㡀攵)

Derived terms

• 𠍯, 𰈡, 𡡹, 徶, 𢠳, 撇, 潎, 獙, 𣊶, 𣘮, 𤏰, 𥋗, 𥢭, 襒, 𦒐, 𧒀, 䠥, 䥕(𬭯), 𩡡, 蔽, 𥳆, 𤺓
• 𠟈, 𠢪, 𡐞, 𡚁, 嫳, 幣, 弊, 彆, 憋, 撆, 𣁢, 暼, 𭬅, 𣰉, 𤎨, 獘, 𦠞, 𠒳, 𤮕, 瞥, 䌘, 𦗥, 蟞, 𧝬, 𣱔, 斃, 𧢍(𬢓), 𧸁, 蹩, 鄨, 鐅, 䨆, 𮦮, 𩦉, 鱉(鳖), 鷩(𫜁), 鼈(𱌇), 𣀽, 龞(𱍈)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 472, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13245
• Dae Jaweon: page 824, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1461, character 4
• Unihan data for U+655D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		敝
alternative forms		㡀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敝
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (敝) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蔽	*peds
鄨	*peds, *ped
鷩	*peds, *ped
彆	*peds, *peːd
潎	*pʰeds, *pʰed
斃	*beds, *bed
敝	*beds, *bed
幣	*beds
弊	*beds
鱉	*ped
虌	*ped
憋	*ped, *pʰed, *peːd
瞥	*pʰed, *pʰeːd
鐅	*pʰed, *pʰeːd
嫳	*bed, *pʰeːd
撇	*pʰeːd
撆	*pʰeːd
暼	*pʰeːd
蹩	*beːd
襒	*beːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *beds, *bed) : phonetic 巾 (OC *krɯn) + semantic 攴; then, the left component evolved into 㡀, in which the points around the cloth represent dust and/or dirt.

The glyph represents the idea of beating a cloth with a stick to clean it from the dust.

Similar but unrelated to 黹.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bì (bi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bai⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pē / pè

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bì
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bì
    • Wade–Giles: pi⁴
    • Yale: bì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
    • Palladius: би (bi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bai⁶
    • Yale: baih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: bei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐi̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pē
    • Tâi-lô: pē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pe
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pe²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pe⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pè
    • Tâi-lô: pè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pex
    • IPA (Taipei): /pe¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pe²¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 敝
Mandarin	Beijing	/pi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/pi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/pi⁵³/
	Jinan	/pi²¹/
	Qingdao	/pi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/pi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/pji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/pi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/pi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/pi¹³/
	Guiyang	/pi⁴²/
	Kunming	/pi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/pi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/pz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/pi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/bi²³/
	Suzhou	/bi³¹/
	Hangzhou	/bi¹³/
	Wenzhou	/bei²²/
Hui	Shexian	/pi³²⁴/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/pei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/pəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰi²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/pi⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/pi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɐi²²/
	Nanning	/pi²²/
	Hong Kong	/pɐi²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pe²²/ /pe²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pɛi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pi³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔbi³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjiejH

Rime
Character	敝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	毗祭切
Baxter	bjiejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/biᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/biɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/bjæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biajH/
Li Rong	/biɛiH/
Wang Li	/bĭɛiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]e[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*beds/, /*bed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bì
Middle Chinese	‹ bjiejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]e[t]-s/
English	destroy; worn out
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敝	敝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	633	645
Phonetic component	敝	敝
Rime group	祭	月
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	獘	獘
Old Chinese	/*beds/	/*bed/

Definitions

敝

1. (polite) my; our
   • 歡迎來到敝校／欢迎来到敝校  ―  huānyíng láidào bì xiào  ―  Welcome to our school.
2. (literary) worn-out; shabby; tattered
3. (literary) decayed; corrupted
4. ^† tired; fatigued
5. ^† to fail; to be defeated
6. ^† to break; to destroy
7. ^† Alternative form of 弊 (bì, “fault; defect; drawback”)
8. ^† Alternative form of 蔽 (bì, “to cover; to shield; to deceive”)

Compounds

• 凋敝 (diāobì)
• 千金敝帚
• 如棄敝屣 / 如弃敝屣 (rúqìbìxǐ)
• 季子裘敝
• 彫敝 / 雕敝 (diāobì)
• 悉索敝賦 / 悉索敝赋
• 振衰起敝
• 敝上
• 敝人 (bìrén)
• 敝友
• 敝國 / 敝国 (bìguó)
• 敝地
• 敝塾
• 敝屣 (bìxǐ)
• 敝屣尊榮 / 敝屣尊荣
• 敝屣王侯
• 敝屣視之 / 敝屣视之
• 敝屣自珍
• 敝帚千金 (bìzhǒuqiānjīn)
• 敝帚自珍 (bìzhǒuzìzhēn)
• 敝房
• 敝眷
• 敝笱
• 敝膝
• 敝處 / 敝处
• 敝號 / 敝号
• 敝蹝 (bìxǐ)
• 敝鬼
• 棄若敝屣 / 弃若敝屣 (qìruòbìxǐ)
• 民生凋敝
• 民生彫敝 / 民生雕敝
• 疲敝
• 視如敝屣 / 视如敝屣
• 罷敝 / 罢敝
• 脣焦舌敝 / 唇焦舌敝
• 舌敝脣焦 / 舌敝唇焦
• 蠱敝 / 蛊敝
• 靡敝

 

Japanese

Kanji

敝

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: べ (be)
• Kan-on: へい (hei)
• Kun: やぶれる (yabureru)

Korean

Hanja

敝 (eum 폐 (pye))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敝: Hán Nôm readings: tệ

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