祈

祈 U+7948, 祈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7948 ← 祇 [U+7947] CJK Unified Ideographs 祉 → [U+7949]

祈 U+FA4E, 祈 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA4E ← 祉 [U+FA4D] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 祐 → [U+FA4F]

Translingual

Han character

祈 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈火竹一中 (IFHML), four-corner 3222₁, composition ⿰礻斤)

Descendants

• 𛀨

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 840, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24640
• Dae Jaweon: page 1258, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2388, character 14
• Unihan data for U+7948

• Unihan data for U+FA4E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		祈

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (斤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蘄	*ɡɯ, *kɯl, *ɡɯn
祈	*ɡɯl
頎	*ɡɯl
旂	*ɡɯl
圻	*ɡɯl, *ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn
蚚	*ɡɯl, *ɡɯːls
岓	*ɡɯl
玂	*ɡɯl
沂	*ŋɡɯl
掀	*qʰan
釿	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋkɯn
齗	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯn
听	*ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯnʔ
垽	*ŋrɯns, *qɯns
斤	*kɯn, *kɯns
菦	*kɯnʔ
靳	*kɯns
劤	*kɯns
勁	*kɯns, *keŋs
赾	*kʰɯnʔ
芹	*ɡɯn
近	*ɡɯnʔ, *ɡɯns
斦	*ŋɡɯn
欣	*qʰɯn
忻	*qʰɯn
昕	*qʰɯn
訢	*qʰɯn
炘	*qʰɯn, *qʰɯns
邤	*qʰɯn
庍	*qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs
焮	*qʰɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯl) : semantic 示 (“altar”) + phonetic 斤 (OC *kɯn, *kɯns).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qí (qi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khì
• Eastern Min (BUC): gì
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ki⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qí
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cí
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi²
    • Yale: chí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kei⁴
    • Yale: kèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khì
    • Hakka Romanization System: ki^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ki²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî
    • Tâi-lô: kî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kii
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ki²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ki²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ki⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: gj+j

Rime
Character	祈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	微 (20)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠希切
Baxter	gj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨj/
Li Rong	/ɡiəi/
Wang Li	/ɡĭəi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ge̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kei4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[ɢ]ər/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qí
Middle Chinese	‹ gjɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[ɢ]ər/
English	pray
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祈
Reading #	1/1
No.	6635
Phonetic component	斤
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	祈
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯl/

Definitions

祈

1. to pray
2. to entreat; to beseech; to beg

Compounds

• 伏祈
• 春祈秋報 / 春祈秋报
• 祈使句 (qíshǐjù)
• 祈報 / 祈报
• 祈巧
• 祈年
• 祈年殿
• 祈晴
• 祈晴禱雨 / 祈晴祷雨
• 祈望 (qíwàng)
• 祈求 (qíqiú)
• 祈父
• 祈盼
• 祈祈
• 祈福 (qífú)
• 祈福酬神
• 祈禱 / 祈祷 (qídǎo)
• 祈禱文 / 祈祷文
• 祈禳
• 祈請 / 祈请
• 祈雨 (qíyǔ)
• 祈願 / 祈愿 (qíyuàn)
• 祈風禱雨 / 祈风祷雨

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	祈
Kyūjitai	祈 祈 or 祈+︀?
	祈󠄀 祈+󠄀? (Adobe-Japan1)
	祈󠄃 祈+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

祈

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祈)

Readings

• Go-on: ぎ (gi)、げ (ge)
• Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
• Kun: いのる (inoru, 祈る, Jōyō)、いのり (inori, 祈り)、うけう (ukeu, 祈う)^{←うけふ (ukefu, 祈ふ, historical)}、うけい (ukei, 祈い)、うけい (ukei, 祈)、ねぐ (negu, 祈ぐ)、のむ (nomu, 祈む)、のまく (nomaku, 祈まく)
• Nanori: もとむ (motomu)、いのる (inoru)、いのり (inori)、えば (eba)、きらり (kirari)

Compounds

• 祈年(としごいの)祭(まつり) (Toshigoi no Matsuri)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
祈
き Grade: S
kan'on

Alternative spelling
祈 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 祈 (MC gj+j).

Affix

祈(き) • (ki) 

1. to pray
2. to wish

Derived terms

• 祈雨(きう) (kiu)
• 祈(き)願(がん) (kigan)
• 祈(き)誓(せい) (kisei)
• 祈(き)請(せい) (kisei)
• 祈(き)祷(とう) (kitō)
• 祈(き)年(ねん) (kinen)
• 祈(き)念(ねん) (kinen)
• 祈(き)望(ぼう) (kibō)
• 丹(たん)祈(き) (tanki)

 

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
祈
うけい Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
祈 (kyūjitai) 誓 誓約

⟨uke₂pi₁⟩ → /ukəɨpʲi/ → /ukeɸi/ → /ukewi/ → /ukei/

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of Old Japanese verb うけふ (uke₂pu, modern ukeu, “to ask for intentions, to pray to a deity, to curse”).

Noun

祈(うけい) • (ukei) ^{←うけひ (ukefi)?}

1. (historical, archaic) an ancient form of divination or fortunetelling found in the Nihon Shoki
2. (archaic) a covenant

Derived terms

• 祈(うけい)狩(が)り (ukeigari)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
祈
いのり Grade: S
nanori

Alternative spelling
祈 (kyūjitai)

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 祈る (inoru, “to pray, to hope for”).

Proper noun

祈(いのり) • (Inori) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
祈
いのる Grade: S
nanori

Alternative spelling
祈 (kyūjitai)

Nominalization of the verb 祈る (inoru, “to pray, to hope for”).

Proper noun

祈(いのる) • (Inoru) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
祈
えば Grade: S
nanori

Alternative spelling
祈 (kyūjitai)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

祈(えば) • (Eba) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
祈
きらり Grade: S
nanori

Alternative spelling
祈 (kyūjitai)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

祈(きらり) • (Kirari) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ki]
• Phonetic hangul: [기]

Hanja

Wikisource

祈 (eumhun 빌 기 (bil gi))

1. hanja form^? of 기 (“pray”)
2. hanja form^? of 기 (“entreat, beseech”)

Okinawan

Kanji

祈

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• On (unclassified): ち (chi)
• Kun: いぬゆん (inuyun, 祈ゆん)

Compounds

• 祈(ち)願(ぐゎん) (chigwan)
• 祈(ち)祷(とー) (chitō)

Vietnamese

Han character

祈: Hán Nôm readings: kì

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