[docs] Add component overview to contributing guide

[hickeyma]

Adds component context including references to more detailed documentation and tutorial.

This PR improves the usability around the process of creating a component for new users.

Partial #5675

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #5690 (44a72cb) into main (a831d51) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #5690   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   91.40%   91.40%           
=======================================
  Files         192      192           
  Lines       11416    11416           
=======================================
  Hits        10435    10435           
  Misses        781      781           
  Partials      200      200           

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[hickeyma]

No changelog required.