docs/modules/knowledge_graph/examples/byo_knowledge_graph.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# BYO Knowledge Graph\n",
    "\n",
    "The notebook shows the use of open source APIs to create knowledge graph and key phrase metadata for [LangChain](https://github.com/hwchase17/langchain) [Document](https://github.com/hwchase17/langchain/blob/1ff7c958b0a84b08c84eebba958b5b3fb0e6e409/langchain/schema.py#L269). \n",
    "\n",
    "More details of the code can be found below:\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**EntityExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/entity_extractor.py): Uses [Spacy](https://spacy.io/) to extract [named entities](https://machinelearningknowledge.ai/named-entity-recognition-ner-in-spacy-library/) in text.\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**KnowledgeGraph**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/knowledge_graph.py): Heavily inspired by [knowledge graph generation](https://medium.com/nlplanet/building-a-knowledge-base-from-texts-a-full-practical-example-8dbbffb912fa) using HuggingFace's [Bablescape model](https://huggingface.co/Babelscape/rebel-large).\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**KeyPhraseExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/phrase_extractor.py): Uses HuggingFace [ml6team's key phrase extractor model](https://huggingface.co/ml6team/keyphrase-extraction-distilbert-inspec) to extract important key phrases from the text.\n",
    "\n",
    "If you haven't already done so, instructions to setup the environment can be found [here](../../../../README.md)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Setup Parameters"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "import ssl\n",
    "\n",
    "ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context\n",
    "\n",
    "chunk_size = 256\n",
    "chunk_overlap = 30\n",
    "os.environ[\"OPENAI_API_KEY\"] = \"\"\n",
    "os.environ[\"PINECONE_API_KEY\"] = \"\"\n",
    "os.environ[\"PINECONE_ENV\"] = \"\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Sample Data\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's first load some sample data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from langchain.document_loaders.wikipedia import WikipediaLoader\n",
    "\n",
    "loader = WikipediaLoader(query=\"LeBron James\")\n",
    "documents = loader.load()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Split the documents into chunks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from langchain.text_splitter import TokenTextSplitter\n",
    "\n",
    "text_splitter = TokenTextSplitter(\n",
    "  chunk_size = chunk_size,\n",
    "  chunk_overlap = chunk_overlap\n",
    ")\n",
    "split_documents = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Content Tagging and Knowledge Graph\n",
    "\n",
    "Let's now instantiate the classes required to create the tags and knowledge graphs. It might take awhile to download the models from hugging face initially, but you'll only have to do it once:\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**EntityExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/entity_extractor.py): Uses [Spacy](https://spacy.io/) to extract [named entities](https://machinelearningknowledge.ai/named-entity-recognition-ner-in-spacy-library/) in text.\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**KnowledgeGraph**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/knowledge_graph.py): Inspired by [knowledge graph generation](https://medium.com/nlplanet/building-a-knowledge-base-from-texts-a-full-practical-example-8dbbffb912fa) using HuggingFace's [Bablescape model](https://huggingface.co/Babelscape/rebel-large).\n",
    "\n",
    "- [**KeyPhraseExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/phrase_extractor.py): Uses HuggingFace [ml6team's key phrase extractor model](https://huggingface.co/ml6team/keyphrase-extraction-distilbert-inspec) to extract important key phrases from the text.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "NOTE: Redirects are currently not supported in Windows or MacOs.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from slangchain.nlp.ner.entity_extractor import EntityExtractor\n",
    "from slangchain.nlp.ner.phrase_extractor import KeyPhraseExtractor\n",
    "from slangchain.nlp.ner.knowledge_graph import KnowledgeGraph\n",
    "\n",
    "kg_kwargs = {\"max_length\": chunk_size + 100}\n",
    "\n",
    "entity_extractor = EntityExtractor()\n",
    "knowledge_graph = KnowledgeGraph(**kg_kwargs)\n",
    "key_phrase_extractor = KeyPhraseExtractor()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Create the tags and knowledge graph per Document chunk.\n",
    "\n",
    "The document tags are a combination of the outputs from [**EntityExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/entity_extractor.py) (persons organisations, and locations) and [**KeyPhraseExtractor**](../../../../slangchain/nlp/ner/phrase_extractor.py) generates the key phrases from the content/text.\n",
    "\n",
    "Unlike [OpenSearch](https://opensearch.org/), Pinecone does not allow searches over a list of Dictionary objects. As a workaround, we have mapped the Knowledge graph's subjects, relations and objects as list of strings. We're open to suggestions as to how we could better structure the entity relationships within the metadata payload."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import json\n",
    "for document in split_documents:\n",
    "  entity_extractor.inference(document.page_content)\n",
    "  persons = entity_extractor.persons\n",
    "  organisations = entity_extractor.organisations\n",
    "  locations = entity_extractor.locations\n",
    "\n",
    "  key_phrases = key_phrase_extractor.inference(document.page_content)\n",
    "  entity_relations = knowledge_graph.inference(document.page_content)\n",
    "\n",
    "  tags = persons + organisations + locations + key_phrases\n",
    "  tags = list({i for i in tags})\n",
    "  document.metadata.update({\n",
    "    \"tags\": tags,\n",
    "    \"subjects\": list({i[\"subject\"] for i in entity_relations}),\n",
    "    \"relations\": list({i[\"relation\"] for i in entity_relations}),\n",
    "    \"objects\": list({i[\"object\"] for i in entity_relations}),\n",
    "  })"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "As per the print out below, the tags and knowledge graph metadata have been added to the documents."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Content: LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Nicknamed \"King James\", he is considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in history and is often compared to Michael Jordan in debates over the greatest basketball player of all time.  James is the all-time leading scorer in NBA history and ranks fourth in career assists. He has won four NBA championships (two with the Miami Heat, one each with the Lakers and Cleveland Cavaliers), and has competed in 10 NBA Finals. He has four Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, four Finals MVP Awards, and two Olympic gold medals. He has been named an All-Star 19 times, selected to the All-NBA Team 19 times (including 13 First Team selections) and the All-Defensive Team six times, and was a runner-up for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice in his career.James grew up playing basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first\n",
      "\n",
      "Tags: ['michael jordan', 'national media', 'cleveland cavaliers', 'king james', 'nba history', 'lakers', 'nba defensive player', 'akron', 'los angeles lakers', 'lebron raymone james sr', 'nba championships', 'miami heat', 'nba finals', 'national basketball association', 'st. vincent–st. mary high school', 'james', 'olympic gold medals', 'ohio', '.', 'nba superstar', 'finals mvp awards', 'history', 'lebron raymone james', 'selections']\n",
      "\n",
      "Subjects: ['Los Angeles Lakers', 'NBA Finals', 'LeBron James', 'National Basketball Association']\n",
      "\n",
      "Relations: ['sport', 'member of sports team', 'organizer', 'date of birth', 'league']\n",
      "\n",
      "Objects: ['basketball', 'Cleveland Cavaliers', 'December 30, 1984', 'Los Angeles Lakers', 'National Basketball Association']\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(f'Content: {split_documents[0].page_content}\\n')\n",
    "print(f'Tags: {split_documents[0].metadata[\"tags\"]}\\n')\n",
    "print(f'Subjects: {split_documents[0].metadata[\"subjects\"]}\\n')\n",
    "print(f'Relations: {split_documents[0].metadata[\"relations\"]}\\n')\n",
    "print(f'Objects: {split_documents[0].metadata[\"objects\"]}\\n')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'title': 'LeBron James',\n",
       " 'summary': 'LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Nicknamed \"King James\", he is considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in history and is often compared to Michael Jordan in debates over the greatest basketball player of all time.  James is the all-time leading scorer in NBA history and ranks fourth in career assists. He has won four NBA championships (two with the Miami Heat, one each with the Lakers and Cleveland Cavaliers), and has competed in 10 NBA Finals. He has four Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, four Finals MVP Awards, and two Olympic gold medals. He has been named an All-Star 19 times, selected to the All-NBA Team 19 times (including 13 First Team selections) and the All-Defensive Team six times, and was a runner-up for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice in his career.James grew up playing basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league\\'s premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league\\'s MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team\\'s first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth Finals MVP. James is the first player in NBA history to accumulate $1 billion in earnings as an active player. On February 7, 2023, James surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar to become the all-time leading scorer in NBA history.\\nOff the court, James has accumulated more wealth and fame from numerous endorsement contracts. He has been featured in books, documentaries (including winning two Sports Emmy Awards as an executive producer), and television commercials. He has won 19 ESPY Awards, hosted Saturday Night Live, and starred in the sports film Space Jam: A New Legacy (2021). James has been a part-owner of Liverpool F.C. since 2011 and leads the LeBron James Family Foundation, which has opened an elementary school, housing complex, retail plaza, and medical center in Akron.\\n\\n',\n",
       " 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeBron_James',\n",
       " 'tags': ['michael jordan',\n",
       "  'national media',\n",
       "  'cleveland cavaliers',\n",
       "  'king james',\n",
       "  'nba history',\n",
       "  'lakers',\n",
       "  'nba defensive player',\n",
       "  'akron',\n",
       "  'los angeles lakers',\n",
       "  'lebron raymone james sr',\n",
       "  'nba championships',\n",
       "  'miami heat',\n",
       "  'nba finals',\n",
       "  'national basketball association',\n",
       "  'st. vincent–st. mary high school',\n",
       "  'james',\n",
       "  'olympic gold medals',\n",
       "  'ohio',\n",
       "  '.',\n",
       "  'nba superstar',\n",
       "  'finals mvp awards',\n",
       "  'history',\n",
       "  'lebron raymone james',\n",
       "  'selections'],\n",
       " 'subjects': ['Los Angeles Lakers',\n",
       "  'NBA Finals',\n",
       "  'LeBron James',\n",
       "  'National Basketball Association'],\n",
       " 'relations': ['sport',\n",
       "  'member of sports team',\n",
       "  'organizer',\n",
       "  'date of birth',\n",
       "  'league'],\n",
       " 'objects': ['basketball',\n",
       "  'Cleveland Cavaliers',\n",
       "  'December 30, 1984',\n",
       "  'Los Angeles Lakers',\n",
       "  'National Basketball Association']}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "split_documents[0].metadata"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Creating our self-querying retriever\n",
    "Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we'll need to have a Pinecone instance. To use Pinecone, you must have an API key. \n",
    "Here are the [installation instructions](https://docs.pinecone.io/docs/quickstart).\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pinecone\n",
    "from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings\n",
    "from langchain.llms import OpenAI\n",
    "from langchain.vectorstores import Pinecone\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "document_content_description = \"Content of Wikipedia page\"\n",
    "llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)\n",
    "embedding = OpenAIEmbeddings()\n",
    "\n",
    "pinecone.init(\n",
    "    api_key=os.getenv(\"PINECONE_API_KEY\"),  # find at app.pinecone.io\n",
    "    environment=os.getenv(\"PINECONE_ENV\")  # next to api key in console\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "index_name = \"kg-slangchain-demo\"\n",
    "if index_name not in pinecone.list_indexes():\n",
    "    pinecone.create_index(index_name, dimension=1536)\n",
    "vectordb = Pinecone.from_documents(split_documents, embedding, index_name=index_name)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we'll need to provide some information upfront about the metadata fields that our documents support and a short description of the document contents."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from langchain.retrievers.self_query.base import SelfQueryRetriever\n",
    "from langchain.chains.query_constructor.base import AttributeInfo\n",
    "from langchain.chains import RetrievalQA\n",
    "\n",
    "metadata_field_info=[\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"title\",\n",
    "        description=\"The Wikipedia page title\", \n",
    "        type=\"string\", \n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"summary\",\n",
    "        description=\"The Wikipedia page summary\", \n",
    "        type=\"string\", \n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"source\",\n",
    "        description=\"The Wikipedia page source url\", \n",
    "        type=\"string\", \n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"tags\",\n",
    "        description=\"List of delimited Key word phrases from the content\",\n",
    "        type=\"string or list[string]\"\n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"subjects\",\n",
    "        description=\"List of Subject Knowledge graph entities from the content\",\n",
    "        type='''list[string]'''\n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"relations\",\n",
    "        description=\"List of Subject Knowledge graph entities from the content\",\n",
    "        type='''list[string]'''\n",
    "    ),\n",
    "    AttributeInfo(\n",
    "        name=\"objects\",\n",
    "        description=\"List of Subject Knowledge graph entities from the content\",\n",
    "        type='''list[string]'''\n",
    "    )\n",
    "]\n",
    "\n",
    "retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(\n",
    "    llm, vectordb, document_content_description, metadata_field_info, verbose=True\n",
    ")\n",
    "qa_chain = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type(\n",
    "    llm=OpenAI(), chain_type=\"stuff\", retriever=retriever, return_source_documents=True\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Testing it Out"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Query on Knowledge Graph Objects\n",
    "\n",
    "An example query based on Knowledge Graph objects"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "query='Lebron James achievements' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='objects', value='regular season') limit=None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'query': 'Lebron James achievements where objects is regular season',\n",
       " 'result': ' Lebron James has the most points (44,724), most consecutive games scoring (1,635), 2nd most minutes played (63,392), 2nd most field goals made (16,327), 2nd most field goals attempted (32,459), 3rd most free throws made (9,610), 3rd most free throws attempted (13,069), 4th most 3-point field goals attempted (7,515), 5th most assists (12,008), 5th most games played (1,636), and 6th most 3-pointers made (2,944) in his regular season career.',\n",
       " 'source_documents': [Document(page_content='11,035)\\nmost games played (266)\\nmost consecutive games scoring (266) (James has scored in every game he has played)\\n2nd most assists (1,919)\\n2nd most defensive rebounds (1,990)\\n2nd most 3-point field goals made (432)\\n2nd most triple doubles (28)\\n3rd most Finals appearances (10)\\n6th most points per game (28.7)\\n6th most rebounds (2,391)\\n10th most blocks (252)\\n\\n\\n=== Career – regular season and playoffs combined ===\\nmost points (44,724)\\nmost consecutive games scoring (1,635) (James has scored in every game he has played)\\n2nd most minutes played (63,392)\\n2nd most field goals made (16,327)\\n2nd most field goals attempted (32,459)\\n3rd most free throws made (9,610)\\n3rd most free throws attempted (13,069)\\n4th most 3-point field goals attempted (7,515)\\n5th most assists (12,008)\\n5th most games played (1,636)\\n6th most 3', metadata={'objects': ['regular season'], 'relations': ['part of'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_career_achievements_by_LeBron_James', 'subjects': ['Finals appearances'], 'summary': 'This article lists career accomplishments of the American professional basketball player LeBron James.', 'tags': ['defensive rebounds', 'free throws', 'james', 'throws', 'field goals'], 'title': 'List of career achievements by LeBron James'})]}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qa_chain(\"Lebron James achievements where objects is regular season\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Query on Knowlege Graph Subjects\n",
    "\n",
    "An example query based on Knowledge Graph subjects"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "query='Lebron James playing age' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='subjects', value='Amateur Athletic Union') limit=None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'query': 'Lebron James playing age where subjects is Amateur Athletic Union',\n",
       " 'result': ' 9',\n",
       " 'source_documents': [Document(page_content=' his birth.:\\u200a22\\u200a His father, Anthony McClelland, has an extensive criminal record and was not involved in his life. When James was growing up, life was often a struggle for the family, as they moved from apartment to apartment in the seedier neighborhoods of Akron while Gloria struggled to find steady work. Realizing that her son would be better off in a more stable family environment, Gloria allowed him to move in with the family of Frank Walker, a local youth football coach who introduced James to basketball when he was nine years old.:\\u200a23\\u200aJames began playing organized basketball in the fifth grade. He later played Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) basketball for the Northeast Ohio Shooting Stars. The team enjoyed success on a local and national level, led by ', metadata={'objects': ['basketball'], 'relations': ['sport'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeBron_James', 'subjects': ['Northeast Ohio Shooting Stars', 'Amateur Athletic Union'], 'summary': 'LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Nicknamed \"King James\", he is considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in history and is often compared to Michael Jordan in debates over the greatest basketball player of all time.  James is the all-time leading scorer in NBA history and ranks fourth in career assists. He has won four NBA championships (two with the Miami Heat, one each with the Lakers and Cleveland Cavaliers), and has competed in 10 NBA Finals. He has four Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, four Finals MVP Awards, and two Olympic gold medals. He has been named an All-Star 19 times, selected to the All-NBA Team 19 times (including 13 First Team selections) and the All-Defensive Team six times, and was a runner-up for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice in his career.James grew up playing basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league\\'s premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league\\'s MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team\\'s first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth Finals MVP. James is the first player in NBA history to accumulate $1 billion in earnings as an active player. On February 7, 2023, James surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar to become the all-time leading scorer in NBA history.\\nOff the court, James has accumulated more wealth and fame from numerous endorsement contracts. He has been featured in books, documentaries (including winning two Sports Emmy Awards as an executive producer), and television commercials. He has won 19 ESPY Awards, hosted Saturday Night Live, and starred in the sports film Space Jam: A New Legacy (2021). James has been a part-owner of Liverpool F.C. since 2011 and leads the LeBron James Family Foundation, which has opened an elementary school, housing complex, retail plaza, and medical center in Akron.\\n\\n', 'tags': ['local youth football coach', 'northeast ohio shooting stars', 'criminal record', 'gloria', 'organized basketball', 'amateur athletic union', 'anthony mcclelland', 'aau', 'akron', 'james', 'frank walker', 'seedier neighborhoods'], 'title': 'LeBron James'})]}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 82,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qa_chain(\"Lebron James playing age where subjects is Amateur Athletic Union\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Query on Knowlege Graph Relations\n",
    "\n",
    "An example query based on Knowledge Graph relations"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "query='Lebron James draft year' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='relations', value='point in time') limit=None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'query': 'Lebron James draft year where relations is point in time',\n",
       " 'result': ' 2003',\n",
       " 'source_documents': [Document(page_content='The Decision was a television special on ESPN in which National Basketball Association (NBA) player LeBron James announced that he would be signing with the Miami Heat instead of returning to his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers. It was broadcast live on July 8, 2010. James was an unrestricted free agent after playing seven seasons in Cleveland, where he was a two-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a six-time All-Star. He grew up in nearby Akron, Ohio, where he received national attention as a high school basketball star.\\n\\n\\n== Background ==\\nJames was born and raised in Akron, Ohio, where he received national attention as a high school basketball star at St. Vincent–St. Mary High School. He was drafted out of high school by his hometown Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. He played the first seven seasons of his professional career in Cleveland, where he was a two-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a six-time NBA All-Star though he had yet to win a NBA championship with the Cavaliers with him only making the NBA finals once in 2007 where the Cavaliers swept by the Spurs and in  the previous season the Cavaliers were eliminated by the Celtics in the 2nd round of the 2010 NBA playoffs in a 6', metadata={'objects': ['NBA finals', 'July 8, 2010', '2010', 'Cleveland Cavaliers', 'Akron, Ohio'], 'relations': ['member of sports team', 'publication date', 'point in time', 'instance of', 'place of birth'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Decision_(TV_program)', 'subjects': ['2010 NBA playoffs', '2007', 'LeBron James', 'The Decision'], 'summary': 'The Decision was a television special on ESPN in which National Basketball Association (NBA) player LeBron James announced that he would be signing with the Miami Heat instead of returning to his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers. It was broadcast live on July 8, 2010. James was an unrestricted free agent after playing seven seasons in Cleveland, where he was a two-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a six-time All-Star. He grew up in nearby Akron, Ohio, where he received national attention as a high school basketball star.', 'tags': ['st', 'nba playoffs', 'unrestricted free agent', 'cleveland cavaliers', 'nba championship', 'nba draft', 'high school basketball', 'celtics', 'cleveland cavaliers.', 'spurs', 'akron', 'lebron james', 'cleveland', 'miami heat', 'nba finals', 'national basketball association', 'vincent–st', 'james', 'ohio', '.', 'cavaliers', 'mary high school.', 'espn'], 'title': 'The Decision (TV program)'}),\n",
       "  Document(page_content=' swept by the Spurs and in  the previous season the Cavaliers were eliminated by the Celtics in the 2nd round of the 2010 NBA playoffs in a 6 game series. James became an unrestricted free-agent at 12:01 am EDT (UTC-4) on July 1, 2010. He was courted by several teams, including the New York Knicks, Chicago Bulls, New Jersey Nets, Miami Heat, Los Angeles Clippers, and the Cavaliers.The idea for the show originally came from Bill Simmons\\'s mailbag column in November 2009 on ESPN, which published reader Drew Wagner\\'s question, \"What if LeBron announces he will pick his 2010-11 team live on ABC on a certain date for a show called \\'LeBron\\'s Choice?\\'\" Wagner\\'s idea was inspired by the trend of high school seniors being recruited announcing their college choice in a news conference. During NBA All-Star Weekend in 2010, Simmons pitched the idea to James\\'s business partner, Maverick Carter; James\\'s then-agent, Leon Rose; and James\\'s advisor, William Wesley. After James and the Cavaliers lost to the Boston Celtics in the NBA playoffs in May, Simmons thought there was no way for the idea to proceed, and he was no longer involved.During halftime of Game 2 of the NBA Finals in', metadata={'objects': ['2010'], 'relations': ['point in time'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Decision_(TV_program)', 'subjects': ['2010 NBA playoffs'], 'summary': 'The Decision was a television special on ESPN in which National Basketball Association (NBA) player LeBron James announced that he would be signing with the Miami Heat instead of returning to his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers. It was broadcast live on July 8, 2010. James was an unrestricted free agent after playing seven seasons in Cleveland, where he was a two-time NBA Most Valuable Player and a six-time All-Star. He grew up in nearby Akron, Ohio, where he received national attention as a high school basketball star.', 'tags': ['nba playoffs', '2010', 'lebron', 'new jersey nets', 'boston celtics', 'knicks', 'los angeles clippers', 'bill simmons', 'william wesley', 'chicago bulls', 'abc', 'nets', 'celtics', 'simmons', 'spurs', 'bron', 'drew wagner', '6 game series', 'high school seniors', 'leon rose', 'miami heat', 'nba finals', 'james', 'new', 'cavaliers', 'news conference', 'wagner', 'maverick carter', 'new york knicks', 'espn'], 'title': 'The Decision (TV program)'}),\n",
       "  Document(page_content=\" was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league's premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league's MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team's first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth\", metadata={'objects': ['2004', '2016'], 'relations': ['point in time'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeBron_James', 'subjects': ['2004 NBA Rookie of the Year', 'Finals'], 'summary': 'LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Nicknamed \"King James\", he is considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in history and is often compared to Michael Jordan in debates over the greatest basketball player of all time.  James is the all-time leading scorer in NBA history and ranks fourth in career assists. He has won four NBA championships (two with the Miami Heat, one each with the Lakers and Cleveland Cavaliers), and has competed in 10 NBA Finals. He has four Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, four Finals MVP Awards, and two Olympic gold medals. He has been named an All-Star 19 times, selected to the All-NBA Team 19 times (including 13 First Team selections) and the All-Defensive Team six times, and was a runner-up for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice in his career.James grew up playing basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league\\'s premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league\\'s MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team\\'s first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth Finals MVP. James is the first player in NBA history to accumulate $1 billion in earnings as an active player. On February 7, 2023, James surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar to become the all-time leading scorer in NBA history.\\nOff the court, James has accumulated more wealth and fame from numerous endorsement contracts. He has been featured in books, documentaries (including winning two Sports Emmy Awards as an executive producer), and television commercials. He has won 19 ESPY Awards, hosted Saturday Night Live, and starred in the sports film Space Jam: A New Legacy (2021). James has been a part-owner of Liverpool F.C. since 2011 and leads the LeBron James Family Foundation, which has opened an elementary school, housing complex, retail plaza, and medical center in Akron.\\n\\n', 'tags': ['nba championship', 'nba draft', 'cleveland', 'nba rookie', 'heat', 'cavaliers', 'miami heat', 'lakers', 'sports history', 'nba championships', 'free agent', 'nba finals', 'nba mvp', 'finals mvp awards', 'james', 'golden state warriors', 'cleveland cavaliers', 'cleveland sports curse'], 'title': 'LeBron James'}),\n",
       "  Document(page_content=\"The 2006–07 Cleveland Cavaliers season was the 37th season of NBA basketball in Cleveland, Ohio. Led by 22-year old forward LeBron James, the Cavaliers finished the season with a 50–32 record, finishing second-place in the Central Division, winning their first Eastern Conference championship, and earning the franchise's first trip to the NBA Finals. During the season, the Cavaliers had the fourth best team defensive rating in the NBA.Prior to making their first NBA Finals appearance, in the playoffs, the Cavaliers swept the Washington Wizards in four games in the First Round, defeated the New Jersey Nets in six games in the semifinals, and defeated the Detroit Pistons in six games in the Conference Finals.\\nHowever, in the NBA Finals, the Cavaliers would collapse, as they were swept by the more experienced San Antonio Spurs in four games. LeBron James was the team's leading scorer and finished in 5th place in league MVP voting.\\nThe Cavaliers would not make it back to the Finals until 2015, when James returned to the team after a four year tenure with the Miami Heat.\\n\\n\\n== Key Dates ==\\nOn June 28, the 2006 NBA draft took place in New York City.\\nIn July, the free agency period began.\\nOn October 10, the Cavaliers'\", metadata={'objects': ['2006', 'New York City'], 'relations': ['point in time', 'location'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307_Cleveland_Cavaliers_season', 'subjects': ['2006 NBA draft'], 'summary': \"The 2006–07 Cleveland Cavaliers season was the 37th season of NBA basketball in Cleveland, Ohio. Led by 22-year old forward LeBron James, the Cavaliers finished the season with a 50–32 record, finishing second-place in the Central Division, winning their first Eastern Conference championship, and earning the franchise's first trip to the NBA Finals. During the season, the Cavaliers had the fourth best team defensive rating in the NBA.Prior to making their first NBA Finals appearance, in the playoffs, the Cavaliers swept the Washington Wizards in four games in the First Round, defeated the New Jersey Nets in six games in the semifinals, and defeated the Detroit Pistons in six games in the Conference Finals.\\nHowever, in the NBA Finals, the Cavaliers would collapse, as they were swept by the more experienced San Antonio Spurs in four games. LeBron James was the team's leading scorer and finished in 5th place in league MVP voting.\\nThe Cavaliers would not make it back to the Finals until 2015, when James returned to the team after a four year tenure with the Miami Heat.\", 'tags': ['san antonio spurs', 'new york city', 'lebron', 'new jersey nets', 'cleveland cavaliers', 'eastern conference championship', 'nba draft', 'nba basketball', 'washington wizards', 'lebron james', 'conference finals', 'cleveland', 'league mvp voting', 'miami heat', 'detroit pistons', 'nba finals', 'nba', 'james', 'ohio', 'cavaliers'], 'title': '2006–07 Cleveland Cavaliers season'})]}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 84,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qa_chain(\"Lebron James draft year where relations is point in time\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Query on Knowlege Graph Key Combinations\n",
    "\n",
    "An example query based on Knowledge Graph key combinations (objects, subjects and relations)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "query='Lebron James achievements' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='relations', value='point in time'), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='subjects', value='Finals'), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='objects', value='2016')]) limit=None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'query': 'Lebron James achievements where relations is point in time and subjects is Finals and objects is 2016',\n",
       " 'result': \" In 2016, Lebron James led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the NBA Finals, delivering the team's first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse.\",\n",
       " 'source_documents': [Document(page_content=\" was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league's premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league's MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team's first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth\", metadata={'objects': ['2004', '2016'], 'relations': ['point in time'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LeBron_James', 'subjects': ['2004 NBA Rookie of the Year', 'Finals'], 'summary': 'LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Nicknamed \"King James\", he is considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in history and is often compared to Michael Jordan in debates over the greatest basketball player of all time.  James is the all-time leading scorer in NBA history and ranks fourth in career assists. He has won four NBA championships (two with the Miami Heat, one each with the Lakers and Cleveland Cavaliers), and has competed in 10 NBA Finals. He has four Most Valuable Player (MVP) Awards, four Finals MVP Awards, and two Olympic gold medals. He has been named an All-Star 19 times, selected to the All-NBA Team 19 times (including 13 First Team selections) and the All-Defensive Team six times, and was a runner-up for the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award twice in his career.James grew up playing basketball for St. Vincent–St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio. He was heavily touted by the national media as a future NBA superstar. A prep-to-pro, he was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. Named the 2004 NBA Rookie of the Year, he soon established himself as one of the league\\'s premier players, leading the Cavaliers to their first NBA Finals appearance in 2007 and winning the NBA MVP award in 2009 and 2010. After failing to win a championship with Cleveland, James left in 2010 as a free agent to join the Miami Heat; this was announced in a nationally televised special titled The Decision and is among the most controversial free agency moves in sports history.James won his first two NBA championships while playing for the Heat in 2012 and 2013; in both of these years, he also earned the league\\'s MVP and Finals MVP awards. After his fourth season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and re-signed with the Cavaliers. In 2016, he led the Cavaliers to victory over the Golden State Warriors in the Finals by coming back from a 3–1 deficit, delivering the team\\'s first championship and ending the Cleveland sports curse. In 2018, James exercised his contract option to leave the Cavaliers and signed with the Lakers, where he won the 2020 NBA championship and his fourth Finals MVP. James is the first player in NBA history to accumulate $1 billion in earnings as an active player. On February 7, 2023, James surpassed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar to become the all-time leading scorer in NBA history.\\nOff the court, James has accumulated more wealth and fame from numerous endorsement contracts. He has been featured in books, documentaries (including winning two Sports Emmy Awards as an executive producer), and television commercials. He has won 19 ESPY Awards, hosted Saturday Night Live, and starred in the sports film Space Jam: A New Legacy (2021). James has been a part-owner of Liverpool F.C. since 2011 and leads the LeBron James Family Foundation, which has opened an elementary school, housing complex, retail plaza, and medical center in Akron.\\n\\n', 'tags': ['nba championship', 'nba draft', 'cleveland', 'nba rookie', 'heat', 'cavaliers', 'miami heat', 'lakers', 'sports history', 'nba championships', 'free agent', 'nba finals', 'nba mvp', 'finals mvp awards', 'james', 'golden state warriors', 'cleveland cavaliers', 'cleveland sports curse'], 'title': 'LeBron James'})]}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 91,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "qa_chain(\"Lebron James achievements where relations is point in time and subjects is Finals and objects is 2016\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "attachments": {},
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Query on Tags\n",
    "\n",
    "An example query based on Tags"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "query='Lebron James losses' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='tags', value='finals') limit=None\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'query': 'Lebron James losses where tags is finals',\n",
       " 'result': ' Lebron James did not lose any of the NBA Finals he played in with the Miami Heat; the team won back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013.',\n",
       " 'source_documents': [Document(page_content=' This was the first NBA Finals matchup between the two teams, and the first time that Finals participants had both missed the playoffs in the previous season. James had previously played with Miami under Heat head coach Erik Spoelstra, winning back-to-back NBA titles in 2012 and 2013 in four consecutive Finals appearances from 2011 to 2014, while Heat president Pat Riley was head coach of the \"Showtime\"-era Lakers from 1981 to 1990, leading them to four NBA titles in seven Finals appearances. For the first time in six seasons, the Golden State Warriors were not in the Finals.The Finals were originally scheduled for June, but the season was suspended in mid-March due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The NBA and its players later approved a plan to restart the season in late July, setting up the NBA Bubble at Walt Disney World to protect teams from the virus. The games were played in the Bubble behind closed doors at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex in Bay Lake, Florida, with the Finals being played from September 30 through October 11. The 2020 finals was the latest to begin (beating the 1999 edition which began on June 16) and the first one played in September and October, and as well held in the fall.\\n\\n\\n== Background ==\\n\\n', metadata={'objects': ['Bay Lake, Florida'], 'relations': ['located in the administrative territorial entity'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_NBA_Finals', 'subjects': ['ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex'], 'summary': 'The 2020 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association\\'s (NBA) 2019–20 season and conclusion of the season\\'s playoffs. In this best-of-seven playoff series, the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat, 4–2, winning their first NBA championship in ten years. It was the franchise\\'s 17th title overall, tying the Boston Celtics for the most in league history. The Lakers\\' LeBron James was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player (MVP) for the fourth time in his career. He became the first player in league history to be named Finals MVP with three different franchises (two with the Heat, one with the Cleveland Cavaliers and one with the Lakers) and along with teammate Danny Green, jointly the third players to win the NBA Finals with three different teams. Lakers president Jeanie Buss became the first female controlling owner to guide her team to an NBA title.The Lakers were the No. 1 seed in the West, while the Heat were No. 5 in the East, becoming the third-lowest seed to advance to the Finals. This was the first NBA Finals matchup between the two teams, and the first time that Finals participants had both missed the playoffs in the previous season. James had previously played with Miami under Heat head coach Erik Spoelstra, winning back-to-back NBA titles in 2012 and 2013 in four consecutive Finals appearances from 2011 to 2014, while Heat president Pat Riley was head coach of the \"Showtime\"-era Lakers from 1981 to 1990, leading them to four NBA titles in seven Finals appearances. For the first time in six seasons, the Golden State Warriors were not in the Finals.The Finals were originally scheduled for June, but the season was suspended in mid-March due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The NBA and its players later approved a plan to restart the season in late July, setting up the NBA Bubble at Walt Disney World to protect teams from the virus. The games were played in the Bubble behind closed doors at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex in Bay Lake, Florida, with the Finals being played from September 30 through October 11. The 2020 finals was the latest to begin (beating the 1999 edition which began on June 16) and the first one played in September and October, and as well held in the fall.', 'tags': ['miami', 'bay lake', 'heat', 'florida', 'lakers', 'nba finals', 'sports complex', 'walt disney world', 'bubble', 'pat riley', 'erik spoelstra', 'james', 'nba bubble', 'finals', 'espn wide world of sports complex', 'golden state warriors', 'closed doors'], 'title': '2020 NBA Finals'}),\n",
       "  Document(page_content=\" wins, finishing in first place in the Southwest Division and the second overall regular season record among Western Conference teams. They recorded only two losses in the first three rounds of the playoffs: they swept the Los Angeles Lakers in the first round in four games, eliminated the Golden State Warriors in six games in the second round, then swept the Memphis Grizzlies in the Western Conference Finals in four games.\\n\\n\\n=== Miami Heat ===\\n\\nThis was the Miami Heat's fourth appearance in the NBA Finals and the third appearance for three straight years, attempting to win their third NBA championship. The Heat finished with the best regular season record, recording a league leading 66 wins, and first place in the Southeast Division. They swept the Milwaukee Bucks in the first round of the playoffs in four games before eliminating the Chicago Bulls in five games in the second round, winning four straight games in the series. In the Eastern Conference Finals, the Heat defeated the Indiana Pacers in seven games.\\n\\n\\n=== Road to the Finals ===\\n\\n\\n=== Regular season series ===\\nThe Heat won both games they played against the Spurs during the regular season: 105–100 on November 29, 2012, and 88–86 on March 31, 2013. For the November 29 game at Miami which was nationally televised, Popovich sat\", metadata={'objects': ['Southwest Division', 'Western Conference'], 'relations': ['part of', 'has part'], 'source': 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_NBA_Finals', 'subjects': ['Southwest Division', 'Western Conference'], 'summary': \"The 2013 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association's (NBA) 2012–13 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs, played from June 6 to June 20, 2013. The defending NBA champion and Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat, who were favored to win the series, defeated the Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs in seven games to win their third championship.\\nThe Miami Heat's league-best regular season record of 66–16 gave them home-court advantage against the San Antonio Spurs, who finished the regular season 58–24. The San Antonio Spurs won the opening game on the road and eventually took a 3–2 series lead before the Miami Heat won the remaining two games at home to win their second consecutive NBA title. LeBron James, who was named the season MVP, was also named Finals MVP for the second straight year.\\nFour former NBA Finals MVPs played in the series (the Spurs' Tim Duncan and Tony Parker, and the Heat's Dwyane Wade and LeBron James), the most since 1987. The 2013 Finals also set a record for most international players on either Finals roster (10). This also marks the last NBA Finals series to use the 2–3–2 format, which was introduced in 1985. The Spurs and the Heat would rematch the following year, with the Spurs winning 4–1; this was also the first Finals to use the 2–2–1–1–1 format since 1984.\", 'tags': ['milwaukee bucks', 'eastern conference finals', 'memphis grizzlies', 'western conference finals', 'chicago bulls', 'playoffs', 'western conference teams', 'indiana pacers', 'heat', 'losses', 'spurs', 'los angeles lakers', 'finals', 'regular season record', 'golden state warriors', 'miami', 'overall', 'miami heat', 'nba finals', 'nba', 'southeast division', 'regular season series', 'popovich'], 'title': '2013 NBA Finals'})]}"
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