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Wendy Wood (psychologist)

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Wendy Wood
mmádu
ụdịekerenwanyị Dezie
mba o sịNjikota Obodo Amerika Dezie
aha enyereWendy Dezie
aha ezinụlọ yaWood Dezie
ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya1954 Dezie
ọrụ ọ na-arụpsychologist, researcher Dezie
onye were ọrụUniversity of Southern California, Duke University Dezie
ebe agụmakwụkwọUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst, University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign Dezie
doctoral studentTimothy Hayes Dezie
Ihe nriteCareer Contribution Award Dezie
nnọchiaha nkeonweL484 Dezie

Wendy Wood bụ ọkà n'akparamàgwà mmadụ amụrụ na UK bụ onye Provost Prọfesọ nke Psychology na Business na Mahadum Southern California, ebe ọ bụbu onye otu ngalaba kemgbe 2009. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mbụ dị ka osote onye isi nke sayensị mmekọrịta ọha na eze na Dornsife College nke Mahadum Southern California . Mgbafọ ukwu nyocha ya bụ i na omume na akparamagwa mgbanwe omume yana akparamaagwa nke okike .

Ọ bụ onye odee akwụkwọ sayensị ama ama,bu Good Habits, Bad Habits, ewepụtara na Ọktoba 2019. E gosipụtara akwụkwọ a na ọgbakọ Big Idea na-esote wee nyochaa ya na New Yorker. [1]

ndabere

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Wood dechara nzere bachelọ ya na Mahadum Illinois dị na Urbana–Champaign na Ph.D ya. na Mahadum Massachusetts, Amherst .

Tupu ọnọdụ ya ugbu a, Wood nọ na ngalaba Mahadum Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Texas A&M University dị ka Ella C. McFadden Prọfesọ nke Liberal Arts, na Mahadum Duke, ebe ọ bụ James B. Duke Prọfesọ nke Psychology na Neuroscience.

Wood bụ onye otu Society for Personality and Social Psychology, American Psychological Society, na Society for Experimental Social Psychology, na onye tọrọ ntọala nhiwe nke Society for Research Synthesis Methodology. O jekwala ozi dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Psychological Review, American Psychologist, Personality and Social Psychology Review, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, na Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. Ọ jerekwara ozi dịka Onye isi oche nke ndị otu puku asatọ nke Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Aghọtala nyocha ya site inye ihe onyinye gụnyere 2007 Radcliffe Institute Fellowship, onyinye onyinye nke mgbalị pụrụ iche nke afọ 2021 site na àgwà na mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, yana onyinye mgbalị ọrụ 2022 sitere na SPSP. E kwupụtala nchọpụta sayensị ya ihe karịrị ugboro puku anọ na abụọ. [2]

Àgwà

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Nchọpụta mbụ nke Wood na-elekwasị anya na ọdịdị nke omume yana mmetụta ha na omume. Àgwà bụ mkpakọrịta ndị mmadụ na-amụta site na ahụmahụ ugboro ugboro. Oge ọ bụla a na-emeghachi omume n'otu ọnọdụ ahụ (ebe, oge nke ụbọchị) maka ụgwọ ọrụ (izute ihe mgbaru ọsọ, mmetụta dị mma), njikọ na-etolite na ebe nchekwa n'etiti ọnọdụ na nzaghachi ụgwọ ọrụ. Mgbe igughari chara, nke ọma, a na-eme ka nzaghachi omume ahụ pụta n'uche ozugbo mgbe ndị mmadụ nọ na ọnọdụ ahụ. [3] N'ihi ya, omume bụ ụzọ mkpirisi echiche nke na-ebelata mkpebi ma na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ikwughachi ihe anyị mere n'oge gara aga. Dị ka osisi gosiri, na nchọpụta ndị ọzọ emeghachila ọtụtụ oge, omume nwere ike ịmalite n'adabereghị n'ebumnobi ma nwee ike ime site na nchịkwa dị nta. [4] Nnyocha nke osisi lekwasịrị anya n'otú na ihe kpatara ndị mmadụ ji alaghachi azụ n'àgwà ochie, otú àgwà ọma si enyere ndị mmadụ aka imezu ebumnuche ha, otu esi agbanwe àgwà ndị na-achọghị, àgwà nke mgbasa ozi, na otú àgwà mmekọrịta na-eduba n'ịkpa ókè n'etiti ọha mmadụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime omume ndị a na-eme ná ndụ kwa ụbọchị bụ ihe a na-emekarị, ya mere ọ pụrụ isi ike ịgbanwe. Nchọpụta mbinye aka bụ na pacenti iri anọ na atọ nke omume ndị mmadụ na-eme kwa ụbọchị ka a na-eme n'ụzọ ọ na-adị.

Ndị mmadụ n'amụkaarị àgwà mgbe ihe ndị gbara gburugburu na-akwalite nkwughachi dị mfe yana mgbe omume ahụ n'onwe ya na-aba uru [5] Mfe nke ikwugharị na-egosipụta esemokwu, ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi ole na ole n'ime omume ahụ. Nramahu dị ala mgbe omume chọrọ obere oge, anya njem, ma ọ bụ mbọ. N'ịkọwa etu ọbụlagodi nramahu aghụghọ si emetụta omume, ndị mmadụ adịkarịghị ewere igwe mbuli elu ma karịa iji steepụ mgbe ndị nyocha jiri nwayọ mechie ọnụ ụzọ mbuli ahụ site na sekọnd iri isii. Ụgwọ ọrụ maka omume nwere ike ịbụ ihe dị n'ime ma ọ bụ nke dịpụrụ adịpụ, mana nke dị mkpa kwesịrị inwe ahụmahụ n'oge arụmọrụ. Ya mere, ige ntị pọdkastị mgbe ị na-emega ahụ bụ ụgwọ ọrụ na-enyere aka iwulite omume mmega ahụ. Ụgwọ ọrụ na-eme ka mwepụta nke dopamine dị na ụbụrụ, nke na-enyere aka ịmepụta akara ebe nchekwa àgwà.

N'ụzọ dị otú a, ịrụ ọrụ omume na-adabere na ihe ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Mgbe ndị mmadụ na-enweta mgbanwe n'ọnọdụ kwa ụbọchị, dị ka mgbe ha na-akwaga ụlọ ma ọ bụ malite ọrụ ọhụrụ, mgbe ahụ, àgwà ochie ha anaghịzi emegharị ozugbo. Ọdịnihu na-agbanwe si otú ahụ na-akpaghasị mmegharị ozugbo ma na-amanye ndị mmadụ ime mkpebi. Ọ gwụla ma ha nwere ebumnuche siri ike ịga n'ihu na omume ahụ, o yighị ka ha ga-eme ya. [4] Egosiputala ọrụ a na ihe ọ pụtara maka ihe n'erilarị ahụ na NPR. [6] [7]

Nyocha

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Wood Emela ntunye dị mkpa na mpaghara nyocha abụọ ọzọ: mmalite na mmezi nke ndiiche metụtara mmekọahụ na myirịta na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mgbanwe nke mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mgbanwe àgwà.

N'ime ọmụmụ banyere mmekọahụ na okike, Wood kwusiri ike na omume nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke nwere ike ịdị iche ma ọ bụ nwee myiri ya, dabere n'echiche nke onye ọ bụla, ọnọdụ, omenala, na oge akụkọ ihe mere eme. [8] Mgbanwe a na-egosipụta mkpa dị mkpa nke nkewa ọrụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke na-abụghị nke a na-ahazi kama ọ dabere na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba obodo. [9] Nkewa ọrụ nke obodo ọ bụla na-amachibido nwanyị site na ịmụ nwa na ịzụ ụmụ ọhụrụ na oke oke na ike ụmụ nwoke. N'ihi na njirimara ndu ndị a na-emetụta ka ndị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị nwere ike isi rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, ha na-emepụta ụfọdụ ịdị n'otu n'ofe ọha mmadụ na nkewa ọrụ na mgbanwe n'ọnọdụ, omenala, na akụkọ ihe mere eme.

N'ime obodo, ndị mmadụ na-ahazi omume nke ha dịka njirimara okike ha chọrọ. Nchọpụta Wood emela ka usoro nhazi nke onwe onye nke njirimara nwoke na nwanyị na-emetụta omume ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke. [10] Ọzọkwa, Wood na-arụ ụka na ụgwọ ọrụ mkpali ahụ na usoro mmegharị obi na-arụkọ ọrụ na usoro ndị a na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya iji kwado omume nwoke na nwanyị. [11]

Wood emeela nyocha n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke akparamagwa na mmetụta ọha mmadụ. Ọrụ ya na mmetụta dị nta emeela ka ọnọdụ ndị mmadụ na-enwe mmetụta site n'echiche nke ndị nọ n'obere n'ìgwè, ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị kasị ukwuu. [12] Ọ tụlekwara usoro mmetụta na-eme na mmekọrịta chiri anya. [13] Nlebara anya ya na usoro mgbanwe omume na-agụnye mmetụta nke ịdọ aka ná ntị mbụ nke mmetụta na-abịa n'ihu ruo n'ókè nke nkwenye siri ike. [14]

Ọrụ Wood ejikọtala nyocha mbụ yana njikọta meta-analytic nke ihe akaebe niile dị. Ya mere, o mepụtala ọtụtụ nyocha _meta nke ọnọdụ uche ọha mmadụ. [15] [16] Nyocha meta-analysis nke afọ 2014 na-anwale mmetụta nke usoro nsọ nwanyị na mmasị di na nwunye kagburu echiche a na-ewu ewu n'oge ahụ na ụmụ nwanyị, mgbe ha n'atu ime , na-achọkari nwoke na ụmụ nwoke testosterone ha dị elu. [17] Nnyocha siri ike ekwupụtala ọdịda a maka oge ịhụ nsọ emetụta mmasị di na nwunye.

ọrụ ọ rụrụ

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  • Good Habits,Bad Habits (2019). 

Ebemsidee

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  1. ↑ Can Brain Science Help us Break Bad Habits? https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/10/28/can-brain-science-help-us-break-bad-habits
  2. ↑ Wood's Google Scholar Page https://web.archive.org/web/20220114202051/https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=xGaNvJ8AAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate
  3. ↑ Wood, W., & Runger, D. T (2016). The psychology of habit. Annual Review, 67', 289-314.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wood, W., Quinn, J. M., & Kashy, D. A. (2002). Habits in everyday life: thought, emotion, and action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1281-1297.
  5. ↑ Wood, W., Mazar, A., & Neal, D. T. (2021). Habits and goals in human behavior. Perspectives in Psychological Science.Online First https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691621994226
  6. ↑ Spiegel, A. (2012, January 2). What Vietnam taught us about breaking bad habits. https://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/01/02/144431794/what-vietnam-taught-us-about-breaking-bad-habits
  7. ↑ Creatures Of Habit: How Habits Shape Who We Are — And Who We Become https://www.npr.org/2019/12/11/787160734/creatures-of-habit-how-habits-shape-who-we-are-and-who-we-become
  8. ↑ Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H. (2012). Biosocial construction of sex differences and similarities in behavior. In J. M. Olson & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Advances in experimental social psychology(Vol. 46, pp. 55–123). London, England: Elsevier.
  9. ↑ Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H. (2002). A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: Implications for the origins of sex differences. Psychological Bulletin, 128(5), 699-727
  10. ↑ Wood, W., Christensen, P. N., Hebl, M. R., & Rothgerber, H. (1997). Conformity to sex-typed norms, affect, and the self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(3), 523-535.
  11. ↑ Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H. (2010). Gender. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology(5th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 629-667). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.
  12. ↑ Wood, W., Lundgren, S., Ouellette, J. A., Busceme, S., & Blackstone, T. (1994). Minority influence: A meta-analytic review of social influence processes. Psychological Bulletin, 115(3), 323-345.
  13. ↑ Oriña, M. M., Wood, W., & Simpson, J. A. (2002). Strategies of influence in close relationships. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(5), 459-472.
  14. ↑ Wood, W., & Quinn, J. M. (2003). Forewarned and forearmed? Two meta-analysis syntheses of forewarnings of influence appeals. Psychological Bulletin, 129(1), 119-138.
  15. ↑ Ouellette, J. A., & Wood, W. (1998). Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 124(1), 54-74.
  16. ↑ Rhodes, N., & Wood, W. (1992). Self-esteem and intelligence affect influence ability: The mediating role of message reception. Psychological Bulletin, 111(1), 156-171.
  17. ↑ Wood, W., Kressel, L., Joshi, P. D., & Louie, B. (2014). Meta-analysis of menstrual cycle effects on women’s mate preferences. Emotion Review, 6(3), 229-249.
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