Balando Hitam

Lukisan Kees Pop dari kontinjen tentara Hindia karya Isaac Israëls. Koleksi Rijksmuseum Amsterdam

Balando Hitam (bahaso Balando: Zwarte Hollanders) adolah urang Afrika Barat dari Elmina (kini talatak di Ghana) nan diambiak batugeh sabagai soldadu jo Tentara Hindia Timur Dirajo Balando (Balando: Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger, KNIL) di Hindia Timur Balando (kini Indonesia).

Antaro taun 1831 hinggo 1872, labiah dari tigo ribu urang Afrika diambiak batugeh dari Gold Coast Balando jo bakajo sabagai askar kolonial di Hindia Timur Balando. Perekrutan iko sabananyo langkah darurat dek sabab tentara Balando kahilangan beribu urang askar Eropah jo sebilangan tentara asli nan labiah gadang dalam Perang Jawa manantang Diponegoro. Balando mengikuik contoh kuaso-kuaso kolonial lain pado zaman tu sarupojo United Kingdom jo Perancis nan mangambuik anggota dari Afrika untuak berkhidmat di tanah-tanah jajahan nan lain. Rasionalnyo adolah anggota tentara asiang indak berkemungkinan basimpati jo panduduik asli dalam pagesehan mareka jo kuaso penjajah. Dalam kes urang Afrika jo KNIL, ampia kasadonyo anggota diambiak dari kalangan bakeh kuli. Perekrutan tamat pado taun 1872 sasudah Elmina tuka tangan ka United Kingdom berikutan Pajanjian Sumatra 1871.

Sebilangan urang Afrika pulang ka nagara asa di Afrika Barat salapeh tamat perkhidmatan, namun sebilangan gadang juo bamukim di Hindia Timur Balando salapeh bakawin jo wanita satampek. Warih-warih mareka dianggap sabagai sebahagian masyarakaik Indo Eropah. Salapeh Parang Dunia Kadua jo kemerdekaan Hindia Timur Balando sabagai nagara badaulek Indonesia, kabanyakannyo bapindah ka Balando.

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