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Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

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Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Oblast
Нижегородская область
Banner o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Banner
Coat of airms o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Coat airms
Coordinates: 56°29′N 44°32′E / 56.483°N 44.533°E / 56.483; 44.533Coordinates: 56°29′N 44°32′E / 56.483°N 44.533°E / 56.483; 44.533
KintraRoushie
Federal destrictVolga[1]
Economic regionVolga-Vyatka[2]
Established5 December 1936
Admeenistrative centerNizhny Novgorod
Govrenment
 • BodiLegislative Assembly
 • GovernorValery Shantsev[3]
Area
 • Total76900 km2 (29,700 sq mi)
Area rank40t
Population
 (2010 Census)[5]
 • Total3,310,597
 • Estimate 
(2018)[6]
3,234,752 (−2.3%)
 • Rank10t
 • Density43/km2 (110/sq mi)
 • Urban
78.9%
 • Rural
21.1%
Time zoneUTC+3 (Moscow Time Edit this on Wikidata[7])
ISO 3166 codeRU-NIZ
License plates52, 152
OKTMO ID22000000
Offeecial leidsRoushie[8]
Websitehttp://www.government-nnov.ru/

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Roushie: Нижегоро́дская о́бласть, Nizhegorodskaya oblast) is a federal subject o Roushie (an oblast). Its admeenistrative center is the ceety o Nizhny Novgorod. Population: 3,310,597 (2010 Census).[5]

The oblast is crossed bi the Volga River. Apairt frae Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan aurie, the biggest ceety is Arzamas. Near the toun o Sarov thare is the lairgest an the maist famous convent in Roushie, established bi Saunt Seraphim o Sarov - Diveevo convent. Makaryev Monastery opposite the toun o Lyskovo uisit tae be location o the lairgest fair in Eastren Europe. Ither historic touns include Gorodets an Balakhna, locatit on the Volga tae the north frae Nizhny Novgorod.

Geography

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The oblast covers an aurie o 76,900 square kilometer (29,700 sq mi), which is approximately equal tae the entire aurie o the Benelux kintras. Agricultural land occupees 41% o this aurie; forests, 48%, lakes an rivers, 2%; an ither lands, 9%. Nizhny Novgorod Oblast borders Kostroma Oblast (N), Kirov Oblast (NE), the Mari El Republic (E), Chuvashie (E), the Mordovie (S), Ryazan Oblast (SW), Vladimir Oblast (W), an Ivanovo Oblast (NW).

Natural resources

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Nizhny Novgorod Oblast is no rich in naitural resoorces, which are, maistly, limitit tae commercial deposits o saund (includin titanium-zirconium sands), cley, gypsum, peat, mineral saut, an timmer.

Sichts

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Cairt o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Savior's Kirk, Balakhna
Shukhov touers biggit in Nizhny Novgorod suburbs near Dzerzhinsk in 1927–1929

The unique airchitectural construction—the 128-meter (420 ft) steel lattice hyperboloid touer biggit bi the Great Roushie ingineer an scientist Vladimir Grigorievich Shukhov in 1929—is locatit near the toun o Dzerzhinsk on the left bank o the Oka River.

Admeenistrative diveesions

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Main airticle: Admeenistrative diveesions o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Demographics

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Population: 3,310,597 (2010 Census);[5] 3,524,028 (2002 Census);[9] 3,714,322 (1989 Census).[10]

Accordin tae the 2010 Census,[5] ethnic Roushies at 3,109,661 made up 95.1% o the oblast's population. Ither ethnic groups includit Tatars (44,103, or 1.4%), Mordva (19,138, or 0.6%), Ukrainians (17,657, or 0.5%), an various smawer groups, each accoontin for less nor 0.5% o the oblast's tot population. Additionally, 42,349 fowk wur registered frae admeenistrative databases, an coud no declare an ethnicity. It is estimatit that the proportion o ethnicities in this group is the same as that o the declared group.[11]

  • Births (2008): 35,581 (10.6 per 1000)
  • Daiths (2008): 61,140 (18.3 per 1000)

Births increased bi 7.7% an daiths decreased bi 1% in 2008 compared tae 2007.[12]

Accordin tae the Federal Migration Service, 20,450 foreign ceetizens wur registered in the oblast in 2006. The actual nummer o foreigners residin in the oblast as o 1 Juin 2006 wis estimatit tae be ower 22,000.[13]

Economy

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The oblast ranks seivent in Roushie in industrial output, while the processin industry predominates in the local economy. Mair nor 650 industrial companies employ nearly 700,000 fowk, or 62% o the wirkforce involvit in material production. Industry generates 83% o the regional GDP an maks 89% o aw material expenditures. The leadin sectors are ingineerin an metalwirkin, follaed bi the chemical an petrochemical industries an the forestry, firthwirkin, an paper industries. The first three sectors accoont for aboot 75% o aw industrial production.

The oblast haes tradeetionally been attractive tae investors. In 2002, Moody's ratin agency confirmit a Caa1rating based on the region's lang-term foreign currency liabilities.[14]

The region maintains tred relations wi mony kintras an haes an export surplus. The lairgest volume o exports goes tae Ukraine, Belaroushie, Swisserland, Kazakhstan, Belgium, an Fraunce. Imports come mainly frae Ukraine, Germany, Belaroushie, Kazakhstan, Austrick, Netherlands, Cheenae, an the Unitit States.

The stock mercat infrastructur is quite well developit in Nizhny Novgorod, an the exchange business is expandin. Companies an organisations registered in the region include 1153 jynt-stock companies, 63 investment institutions, 34 commercial banks, 35 insurance companies, 1 voucher investment fund, 1 investment fund, 17 nongovernmental pension funds, 2 associations o professional stock mercat dealers, an 3 exchynges (stock, currency, an agricultural). The oblast is notit for haein relatively heichlie developit mercat relations. The day, the region needs serious pairtners interestit in equitable, lang-term, mutually beneficial pairtnerships.

A shoppin centre in Fedyakovo

Thare are 650+ industrial companies in the region [1], maist o them engagit in the follaein sectors:

  • Machine-buildin an ingineerin
  • Chemical & petrochemical
  • Fuel & energy
  • Ferrous an non-ferrous metallurgy
  • Construction materials
  • Glass
  • Firth an paper
  • Cloth-makkin
  • Fuid & fuid processin
  • Medical & pharmaceuticals
  • Printin & publishin.

Thir key industries are supplementit bi ither sectors o the economy sic as agricultur, tred, services, communications an transport.

References

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Media relatit tae Nizhny Novgorod Oblast at Wikimedia Commons

  1. ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  2. ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  3. ↑ Offeecial wabsteid o Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. Valery Pavlinovich Shantsev, Governor of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ↑ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (21 Mey 2004). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 1 November 2011.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  5. ↑ a b c d Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census] (in Roushie). Federal State Stateestics Service.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  6. ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service. Retrieved 23 Januar 2019.
  7. ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 Juin 2011. Retrieved 19 Januar 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  8. ↑ Offeecial ootthrou the Roushie Federation accordin tae Airticle 68.1 o the Constitution o Roushie.
  9. ↑ Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (21 Mey 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002] (in Roushie).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  10. ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [Aw Union Population Census o 1989: Present Population o Union an Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts an Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Destricts, Urban Settlements, an Veelages Servin as Destrict Admeenistrative Centres]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [Aw-Union Population Census o 1989] (in Roushie). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute o Demografie at the Naitional Resairch Varsity: Heicher Schuil o Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
  11. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 7 Januar 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ↑ http://nizhstat.gks.ru/digital/region1/2007/oper_demogr_12_08.htm[deid airtin]
  13. ↑ Дарья ВЛАДИМИРОВА, "Стройки под особым контролем"[deid airtin], Rakurs, 30 June 2006
  14. ↑ http://russiatrek.org/r_nnovgorod.shtml

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