Kontent qismiga oʻtish

Skandinaviya

Vikipediya, erkin ensiklopediya
Skandinaviyaning fazodan koʻrinishi

Skandinaviya Shimoliy Yevropa mamlakatlari tomonidan shakllangan geografiyadir. Skandinaviya mamlakatlariga Daniya, Shvetsiya va Norvegiya kabi davlatlar kiradi. Bu davlatlar bilan bir qatorda, Skandinaviyani Finlandiya, Islandiya, Faroe orollari, Åland orollari va Grenlandiya tashkil etadi.[1][lower-alpha 1] Ushbu mamlakatlarning tillari oʻxshash, faqat fin tili bundan mustasno. Ushbu tillar shimoliy olmon tillari yoki skandinaviya tillari deb nomlanadi.[2]

Skandinaviyaga kiruvchi Norvegiya Yevropaning eng boy mamlakatlaridan biridir. Ushbu mamlakat neft eksport qiluvchi mamlakat, biroq baliqchilik hamda Angliya bilan munosabati tufayli Yevropa Ittifoqiga qoʻshilmagan.

  • Bu qatorda, Islandiya ham Yevropa Ittifoqi aʼzosi emas.
  • Daniya esa 1973-yilda Yevropa Ittifoqiga qoʻshilgan.
  • Daniyaga qarashli Grenlandiya oroli 1979-yilda referendum orqali Yevropa Ittifoqidan ajralib chiqqan.
  • Faqat 1995-yilda Shvetsiya va Finlandiya betaraflikdan voz kechib, Yevropa Ittifoqiga qoʻshilishdi.

Qiziqarli faktlar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Skandinaviyadagi eng katta davlat - Shvetsiyadir. Uning maydoni 447 435 km² tashkil qiladi[3].

Galdhøpiggen Skandinaviyadagi eng baland nuqta hamda Skandinaviya togʻlarining bir qismidir.
  1. "Scandinavia". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/526461/Scandinavia. "Scandinavia, historically Scandia, part of Northern Europe, generally held to consist of the two countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Norway and Sweden, with the addition of Denmark. Some authorities argue for the inclusion of Finland on geologic and economic grounds and of Iceland and the Faroe Islands on the grounds that their inhabitants speak Scandinavian languages related to those of Norway and Sweden and also have similar cultures." <!--->
  1. „Definition of Scandinavia in English“. Oxford Dictionaries. — „A large peninsula in north-western Europe, occupied by Norway and Sweden … A cultural region consisting of the countries of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and sometimes also of Iceland, Finland, and the Faroe Islands“. 2016-yil 24-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 23-dekabr 2016-yil.
  2. John Harrison, Michael Hoyler, Megaregions: Globalizationʼs New Urban Form? (s. 152), Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015
  3. „Такая разная Скандинавия. Что же выбрать?“ (2023.06.21). Qaraldi: 2023.10.02.
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  • Green, Ken, Thorsteinn Sigurjónsson, and Eivind Åsrum Skille, eds. Sport in Scandinavia and the Nordic countries (Routledge, 2018).
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  • Kröger, Teppo. „Local government in Scandinavia: autonomous or integrated into the welfare state?.“ in Social Care Services (Routledge, 2019) pp. 95-108.
  • Lappi-Seppälä, Tapio. „Penal policy in Scandinavia.“ Crime and justice 36.1 (2007): 217-295.
  • Nestingen, Andrew. Crime and fantasy in Scandinavia: Fiction, film and social change (University of Washington Press, 2011).
  • Rogerson, Richard. „Taxation and market work: is Scandinavia an outlier?.“ Economic theory 32.1 (2007): 59-85. online
  • Strand, Robert, R. Edward Freeman, and Kai Hockerts. „Corporate social responsibility and sustainability in Scandinavia: An overview.“ Journal of Business Ethics 127.1 (2015): 1-15 online.