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Fmeca: Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis

FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) is a technique used to evaluate potential failure modes within a system or design, identify their causes and effects, and prioritize issues to address potential failures that pose the greatest risk. It involves recognizing and evaluating how components can fail and the impacts of those failures. The analysis provides documentation to guide reliable and safe design and support future design changes, testing, and maintenance. Criticality analysis determines the significance of a failure's effect by considering factors like probability and severity.

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131 views11 pages

Fmeca: Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis

FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis) is a technique used to evaluate potential failure modes within a system or design, identify their causes and effects, and prioritize issues to address potential failures that pose the greatest risk. It involves recognizing and evaluating how components can fail and the impacts of those failures. The analysis provides documentation to guide reliable and safe design and support future design changes, testing, and maintenance. Criticality analysis determines the significance of a failure's effect by considering factors like probability and severity.

Uploaded by

nidhul07
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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FMECA

Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis

MANEESH NIDHUL

FMECA
Failure Modes = Incorrect behaviour of a subsystem or component due to a physical or procedural malfunction. Effects = Incorrect behaviour of the system caused by a failure. Criticality Analysis = The combined impact of The probability that a failure will occur The severity of its effect

DEFINITION
FMECA can be explained as a group of activities intended to

Recognise and evaluate the potential failure of a product or process and its effects Identify actions that could eliminate or reduce the chance of potential failures Document the process

Purpose of FMECA
Select the most suitable design with high reliability and high safety potential in the design phases. List potential failures and identify the severity of their effects in the early design phases. Develop criteria for test planning and requirements. Provide necessary documentation for future design and consideration of design changes. Provide a basis for maintenance management. Provide a basis for reliability and availability analyses.

TYPES OF FMECA
Design FMECA It aids in the design process by identifying known and foreseeable failure Ranking failures according to relative impact on the product Process FMCEA Helps to identify potential manufacturing or assembly failures in order to establish controls for occurrence, reductions and detections
Equipment FMECA

Maintenance FMECA Service FMECA

Creating a FMECA
FMECA is usually applied as a bottom up technique in which a study is made of how components can fail; the causes of failure and the effects are subsequently identified. This knowledge is then used to study the next higher level of integration and so on until a full understanding is gained of every potential mode of failure throughout the product.

an understanding of how a product can fail at system level can guide the designer in the detailed design of assemblies and components and enable him to better understand how the system may fail from the end users point of view

CRITICALITY ANALYSIS (CA)


CA begins as an integral part of early design process and is

updated as design evolves Produces a relative measure of the significance of the effect a failure mode has on the successful operation and safety of the system. Two types Quantitative Approach Qualitative Approach

QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
Used when there is sufficient failure rate data available to calculate item criticality numbers The value of each failure mode criticality number is defined as

Cm= pt
Cm - Failure mode criticality - The conditional probability of mission loss - Failure mode ratio p - part failure rate t - Duration of applicable mission phase (in hrs or number of operating cycles)

QUALITATIVE APPROACH
Used when specific part or item failure rates are not available

Identifies failure modes in terms of probability of occurrence when failure rate data is not available

levels

The probability of occurrence of each failure is grouped into discrete levels (single failure mode probability)

Level A Level B Level C Level D Level E

Frequent Reasonably/Probable Occasional Remote Extremely/Unlikely

(>0.20 of the overall probability)

(0.20-0.10)
(0.10-0.01) (0.01-0.001) (>0.001)

Benefits of FMECA
Systematic review of component failure modes ensures that any failure produces minimal damage to the product or process.
It is possible to determine the effects that any failure will have on product or process and their functions. Determining those parts whose failure will have critical effects on the product or process operation. Calculating the probabilities of failures Eliminating or minimising the adverse effects that assembly failures could generate .

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