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Second Order System in Matlab PDF

This document discusses using the Matlab step command to calculate the step response of a second-order spring-mass-dashpot system and a first-order system. It provides the governing differential equation for the second-order system, shows how to perform the Laplace transform and find the transfer function. It then gives the Matlab commands to identify the system characteristics, numerator and denominator coefficients, and plot the unit step response. Examples are shown for underdamped and overdamped cases of the second-order system. The commands for a first-order system with a time constant are also demonstrated.

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allen.20.79308
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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302 views

Second Order System in Matlab PDF

This document discusses using the Matlab step command to calculate the step response of a second-order spring-mass-dashpot system and a first-order system. It provides the governing differential equation for the second-order system, shows how to perform the Laplace transform and find the transfer function. It then gives the Matlab commands to identify the system characteristics, numerator and denominator coefficients, and plot the unit step response. Examples are shown for underdamped and overdamped cases of the second-order system. The commands for a first-order system with a time constant are also demonstrated.

Uploaded by

allen.20.79308
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculating the step response of a second-order system in Matlab

spring-mass-dashpot system Governing differential equation

+ Bx + kx = F (t ) mx
Perform Laplace transform

(ms 2 + Bs + k ) X ( s ) = F ( s )
Find transfer function G(s)

G (s) =

X (s) 1 = 2 F ( s ) ms + Bs + k

ME646

2/12/2009

Matlab command >> step


>> step calculates the unit step response of a linear system. Zero initial state is assumed in the state-space case. When invoked with no output arguments, this function plots the step response on the screen. MATLAB COMMANDS % identify the characteristics of the system % (values shown are for the underdamped case B2 < 4mk ) >> m = 1; (m is the mass of system) >> B = 10; %% (B is the damping value) >> k = 500; %% (k is the spring constant) % identify the numerator and the denominator of the system transfer % function >> num = [1]; (coefficients of the numerator of TF) >> den = [m B k]; (coefficients of the denominator of TF) % plot the unit step response >> step(num,den)

X (s) 1 G (s) = = 2 F ( s ) ms + Bs + k
ME646

2/12/2009

>> step %Output

(values shown are for the underdamped case B2 < 4mk ) >> m = 1 >> B = 10; %% >> k = 500; %%

ME646

2/12/2009

More Output Examples (try them yourself)

B (=0.1) << 4mk B (10,000) >> 4mk

Very under damped

Very over damped

Note that the time to each the expected value (2 x 103) is about the same for each of these cases.

ME646

2/12/2009

>> step %Works for first-order systems as well


MATLAB COMMANDS % identify the characteristics of the system % (values shown are for the underdamped case B2 < 4mk ) >> tau = 10; (tau is the time constant of the system) % function >> num = [1]; (coefficients of the numerator of TF) >> den = [tau 1]; (coefficients of the denominator of TF) % plot the unit step response >> step(num,den)

X ( s) 1 G ( s) = = F ( s) s + 1

ME646

2/12/2009

>> step %Output for first-order system

at t = tau (=10) output = 0.632 (for unit step) at t = 5tau (=50) output = 0.993 (for unit step)

ME646

2/12/2009

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