SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Lecture Notes
On

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Topic: Basic concepts of S/W engineering

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

CONTENT
Basic concept of Software Engineering Data Information software Definition of software engineering Software engineering A La ere! Tec"no#og References

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Basic Concepts in Software Engineering Data

Data is a co##ection of facts$ fig%res an! statistics re#ate! to an o&'ect( Data can &e )rocesse! to create %sef%# information.. ata is !er" usefu# for generating reports$ grap%s an& statistics. E*amp#e Stu&ents fi## an a&'ission for' (%en t%e" get a&'ission in co##ege. T%e for' consists of ra( facts a)out t%e stu&ents. T%ese ra( facts are stu&ent*s na'e$ fat%er na'e$ a&&ress etc. T%e purpose of co##ecting t%is &ata is to 'aintain t%e recor&s of t%e stu&ents &uring t%eir stu&" perio& in t%e co##ege.

Information
T%e 'anipu#ate& an& processe& for' of &ata is ca##e& infor'ation. It is 'ore 'eaningfu# t%an &ata. It is use& for 'a+ing &ecisions. ata is use& as input for processing an& infor'ation output of t%is processing. E*amp#e ata co##ecte& fro' census is use& to generate &ifferent t"pe of infor'ation. T%e go!ern'ent can use it to &eter'ine t%e #iterac" rate in t%e countr". Go!ern'ent can use t%e infor'ation in i'portant &ecision to i'pro!e #iterac" rate.

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Difference &etween !ata an! information

Data ata is co##ection of ra( facts an& figures. ata is unarrange& an& unorgani2e&.. ata is un3'eaningfu# ata is input. ata is use& #ess fre0uent#". ata represents facts )efore processing ata is not %e#pfu# in &ecision3'a+ing. ata is ra( 'ateria# for infor'ation. ata are unprocesse& recor&s ata is in #arge a'ounts If &ata is #ost$ it is !er" &ifficu#t 4or e!en i'possi)#e in so'e situations5 to re co##ect. ata &epen&s upon t%e sources Information Infor'ation is processe& &ata. Infor'ation is arrange& an& organi2e& Infor'ation is 'eaningfu#. Infor'ation is output. Infor'ation is use& fre0uent#". Infor'ation represents resu#ts 4 after processing5. Infor'ation is %e#pfu# in &ecision3'a+ing. Infor'ation is t%e fina# pro&uct of &ata. Infor'ation contains processe& recor&s Infor'ation is in s'a## a'ounts If infor'ation is #ost$ it is easi#" &eri!e& fro' store& &ata$ again. Infor'ation &epen&s upon &ata

W"at is software+
Software is !efine! as comp%ter programs$ proce!%res$ r%#es an! possi&# associate& &ocu'entation an& &ata pertaining to t%e operation of a co'puter )ase& s"ste's.. -.o'puter Soft(are/ is s"non"'ous (it% -soft(are pro&uct/. It inc#u&es t%e source co&e an& a## t%e associate& &ocu'ents an& &ocu'entation t%at constitute a soft(are pro&uct. Re0uire'ents &ocu'ents$ &esign specifications$ source co&e$ test p#ans$ 0ua#it" assurance proce&ures$ 'aintenance proce&ures$ insta##ation instructions an& training ai&s are a## co'ponents of soft(are pro&uct.

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Software is a genera# term for t"e ,ario%s -in!s of programs %se! to operate comp%ters an! re#ate! !e,ices(

.ar! ware/
T"e term "ar!ware &escri)es t%e p%"sica# aspects of co'puters an& re#ate& &e!ices.

Software costs
Soft(are costs often &o'inate co'puter s"ste' costs. T%e costs of soft(are on a 6. are often greater t%an t%e %ar&(are cost. Soft(are costs 'ore to 'aintain t%an it &oes to &e!e#op. For s"ste's (it% a #ong #ife$'aintenance costs 'a" )e se!era# ti'es &e!e#op'ent costs. Soft(are engineering is concerne& (it% cost3effecti!e soft(are &e!e#op'ent.

W"at is software engineering+

IEEE software engineering !efinition/ Software engineering is t"e app#ication of a s stematic !iscip#ine! 0%antifia&#e approac" to t"e !e,e#opment$ operation an! maintenance of software1 t"e app#ication of engineering to software( Software engineering can )e &efine& as -T%e esta)#is%'ent an& use of soun& engineering princip#es in or&er to o)tain econo'ica##" soft(are t%at is re#ia)#e an& (o+s efficient#" on rea# ti'e 'ac%ines./

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Software engineering is t%e tec%no#ogica# an& 'anageria# &iscip#ine concerne& (it% s"ste'atic pro&uction an& 'o&ifie& on ti'e an& in cost esti'ates Soft(are Engineering &ea#s (it% t%e engineering pro)#e's$ opportunities an& nee&s associate& (it% t%e &e!e#op'ent an& uti#i2ation of co'puter soft(are. T%e &iscip#ine a#so a&&resses t%e &esign of co'puters$ co'puter science an& t%e integration of soft(are into co'puter s"ste's$ as (e## as t%e app#ications of soft(are s"ste's. T%e soft(are in&ustr" is gro(ing rapi&#" an& of increasing i'portance to our econo'" an& stan&ar& of #i!ing.

Software engineering

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Soft(are engineering is fin&ing its (a" into 'an" in&ustries$ inc#u&ing te#eco''unications$ po(er generation$ )io'e&ica# an& in&ustria# pro&uct co'panies. T%e soft(are engineering sector is continua##" a&!ancing. . T%e pri'ar" goa#s of soft(are engineering are to i'pro!e t%e 0ua#it" of soft(are pro&ucts an& to increase t%e pro&ucti!it" an& 9o) satisfaction of soft(are engineers$ (it% cost effecti!e#". Software engineers s%ou#& a&opt a s"ste'atic an& organise& approac% to t%eir (or+ use appropriate too#s an& tec%ni0ues &epen&ing on t%e pro)#e' to )e so#!e&$ t%e &e!e#op'ent constraints an& t%e resources a!ai#a)#e

Software engineering is a&o%t so#,ing pro&#ems( It can &e &ro-en into ana# 2ing 3pro&#em4 an! s nt"esis 3so#%tion4

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

.o'puter Science

.usto'er

T%eories

.o'puter functions

6ro)#e'

Soft(are Engineering Too#s an& tec%ni0ues to so#!e pro)#e's

Software Engineering 5 A La ere! Tec"no#og

Soft(are engineering enco'passes a process$ t%e 'anage'ent of acti!ities$ tec%nica# 'et%o&s$ an& use of too#s to &e!e#op soft(are pro&ucts

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

tools methods process model a quality focus

La ers of Software engineering T%e foun&ation for soft(are engineering is t%e process #a er( It is t%e g#ue t%at %o#&s t%e tec%no#og" #a"ers toget%er an& ena)#es rationa# an& ti'e#" &e!e#op'ent of co'puter soft(are. )rocess &efines a fra'e(or+ t%at 'ust )e esta)#is%e& for effecti!e &e#i!er" of soft(are engineering tec%no#og". T%e soft(are process for's t%e )asis for 'anage'ent contro# of soft(are pro9ects an& esta)#is%es t%e conte<t in (%ic% tec%nica# 'et%o&s are app#ie&$ (or+ pro&ucts 4'o&e#s$ &ocu'ents$ &ata$ reports$ etc.5 are pro&uce&$ 'i#estones are esta)#is%e&$ 0ua#it" is ensure&$ an& c%ange is proper#" 'anage&. Soft(are engineering methods pro!i&e t%e tec%nica# -%o( to=s/ for )ui#&ing soft(are. >et%o&s enco'pass a )roa& arra" of tas+s t%at inc#u&e co''unication$ re0. ana#"sis$ &esign$ co&ing$ testing an& support. Soft(are engineering tools pro!i&e auto'ate& or se'i3auto'ate& support for t%e process an& t%e 'et%o&s. W%en too#s are integrate& so t%at info. .reate& )" one too# can )e use& )" anot%er$ a s"ste' for t%e support of soft(are &e!e#op'ent ca##e& comp%ter5ai!e! software engineering is esta)#is%e& ?

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

References
6a#ote )an-a'$7 Integrate! Approac" To Software Engineering /$ Ru')aug% @. B#a%a$ >.6re'era#ani$ W. E&&" F. An& Lorensen W. -O)9ect Oriente& >o&e#ing A Software Engineering 8t" e&ition & IAN SO99ER:ILLE( Software Engineering concepts )" Ric"ar! Fair# ( Software Engineering BA practitioner=s Approac%3 8t% e&ition )" Roger S( )ressman(