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Renewable Energy Systems 402: Tutorial 4 Micro-Hydro Power Systems

The document describes a micro-hydro power system and provides calculations related to determining its efficiency and power output. It includes: 1) A diagram of a hydro system with points A-E labeled, along with pressure, area, and height data. Power is calculated at each point, with the highest at point A and lowest at point E, due to head losses. 2) Efficiencies are calculated for the channel, penstock, nozzle, and overall system, with the highest being the nozzle and lowest the overall system. Reasons for power losses between points involve head losses. 3) Calculations are shown for determining optimum flow rate, maximum power output, and efficiency for another hydro system with a

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Mohamed Mo Galal Hassan-Ghariba
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32 views2 pages

Renewable Energy Systems 402: Tutorial 4 Micro-Hydro Power Systems

The document describes a micro-hydro power system and provides calculations related to determining its efficiency and power output. It includes: 1) A diagram of a hydro system with points A-E labeled, along with pressure, area, and height data. Power is calculated at each point, with the highest at point A and lowest at point E, due to head losses. 2) Efficiencies are calculated for the channel, penstock, nozzle, and overall system, with the highest being the nozzle and lowest the overall system. Reasons for power losses between points involve head losses. 3) Calculations are shown for determining optimum flow rate, maximum power output, and efficiency for another hydro system with a

Uploaded by

Mohamed Mo Galal Hassan-Ghariba
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Renewable Energy Systems 402 Tutorial 4 Micro-Hydro Power Systems

1. The hydro system of a micro-hydro power plant is shown in Figure 1.

Turbine Figure 1
The pressure, cross-sectional area and the height above the turbine at the points A,B,C,D and E are given in Table-1. The water discharge rate at all points is 0.2 m3/s. Table 1 A Pressure (kN/m2) Cross-sectional Area (m2) Height above Turbine (m) 0 1.0 100 B 0 1.0 90 C 343 0.2 45 D 686 0.2 0 E 0 0.0056 0

a) Determine the net head and the power of water at each point. (Ans: A: 100.002m, 196.2 kW; B: 90.002m, 176.58 kW; C: 80.02m, 157 kW; D: 69,98m, 137.3kW; E: 65m, 127.52kW) b) Calculate the power efficiency of (i) channel (ii) penstock (iii) nozzle (iv) the entire hydro system. (Ans. 90%, 77.75%, 92.87%, 65%)

c) State the reasons for the loss of power between two adjacent points in the hydro system.

2. A hydro power system has a gross head of 120 m. The head lost due to penstock is given by 4000Q 2 + 80Q where Q is the water flow rate in m3/s. Determine the following. (a) optimum flow rate (b) maximum power output (c) maximum efficiency (d) efficiency for a flow rate of 0.15m3/s (Ans. 0.0935 m3/s, 71.325 kW, 64.6%, 15%) 3. The pressure gauge at a micro-hydro station shows a reading of 700 kN/m. The 4-jet Pelton wheel is having a diameter of 0.6 m. At rated water flow rate, the diameter of each jet of water is 2 cm. The efficiency of the turbine at the rated speed of 625 rpm is 85%. The head lost in the nozzle can be neglected. Determine a) Rated water flow rate b) Mechanical power output under rated condition c) The torque-speed characteristic of the turbine under rated condition d) If the water-flow rate is reduced to 80% of rated value, derive the new torquespeed characteristic. (Ans. 0.047 m3/s, 27.976 kW, 427.44 -7.214(t -65.45), 341.95 5.77(t-65.45))

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