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Laws (Theorems) of Boolean Algebra

The document outlines 19 laws of Boolean algebra related to complementation, AND, OR, commutative, associative, and distributive operations. De Morgan's theorems state that the complement of a sum is the product of complements and vice versa. To find the complement of a Boolean expression, replace '+' with '.' and '.' with '+', and complement each term.

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299 views

Laws (Theorems) of Boolean Algebra

The document outlines 19 laws of Boolean algebra related to complementation, AND, OR, commutative, associative, and distributive operations. De Morgan's theorems state that the complement of a sum is the product of complements and vice versa. To find the complement of a Boolean expression, replace '+' with '.' and '.' with '+', and complement each term.

Uploaded by

rupa_13
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laws (Theorems) of Boolean algebra

Laws of Complementation
o The term complement means, to invert or to change 1's to 0's and 0's to 1's, for which purpose inverters or NOT gates are used. o A complement of a variable is represented by a bar over the letter. For example, the complement of a variable A will be denoted by
A

Law 1: 0 = 1
Law 2: 1 = 0 Law 3: If A = 0, A 1

Law 4: If A = 1, A 0
Law 5: A A

AND Laws
Law 6: A.0=0 Law 7: A.1=A

Law 8: A.A=A Law 9:


A. A 0

OR Laws
Law 10: A +0 = A Law 11: A +1 = 1

Law 12: A +A = A Law 13:


A A 1

Commutative Laws
This states that the order in which the variables are ORed and ANDed will make no difference in the output. Law14: A. B = B. A Law 15 : A + B = B + A

Associative Laws
This law states that the order in which the variables are grouped will not make any difference in the output. Law 16: A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C

Law 17: A.(B.C) = (A.B).C

Distributive Laws
These laws allow the factoring or multiplying out of expressions. Law 18: A .(B +C) = (A .B) + (A .C) Law 19: A + (B .C) = (A + B) (A + C)

De Morgan's Theorems
1. 2.
X Y X Y

X Y X Y

The complement of any Boolean expression is found by using these two rules.

Steps for complementation:


1. Replace + symbols with . symbols and . symbols with + symbols. 2. Complement each term.

Proof of De Morgan's Theorems


X Y X Y

X Y X Y

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