genius by Pradeep Kshetrapal

Thermodynamic Processes 119

Problems based on Q, U and W

1.

Work done in the given P-V diagram in the cyclic process is

[RPET 2000; Kerala (Med.) 2002]

(a) PV

(2P,
V)

(2P,
2V)

(b) 2PV
(c) PV/2

(P, 2V)

(P, V)
V

(d) 3PV
2.

Which of the following is not a thermodynamics co-ordinate

[AIIMS 2001]

(a) P
3.

(b) T

(d) R

Which of the following can not determine the state of a thermodynamic system
(a) Pressure and volume

[AFMC 2001]

(b) Volume and temperature

(c) Temperature and pressure

temperature
4.

(c) V

(d)

Any one of pressure, volume or

In the figure given two processes A and B are shown by which a thermo-dynamical system goes from initial to
final state F. If QA and QB are respectively the heats supplied to the systems then
[RPET 1999]
P

(a) QA QB

(b) QA QB

(c) QA QB

(d) QA QB
5.

In the cyclic process shown in the figure, the work done by the gas in one cycle is

[MP PMT 1999]

P
7P1

(a) 28 p1V1
(b) 14 p1V1

P1

(c) 18 p1V1

V1

(d) 9 p1V1
6.

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon

4V1 V

[RPMT 1997; MP PMT

1999]

(a) Specific volume

(b) Pressure

(c) Temperature

(d) Density

genius
120 Thermodynamic Processes
7.

An ideal gas is taken around the cycle ABCA as shown in the P-V diagram. The net work done by the gas during
the cycle is equal to
P

3P1

[CPMT 1991]

(a) 12 P1V1
P1

(b) 6 P1V1
(c) 3 P1V1

A
V1

3V1

(d) P1V1
8.

The internal energy U is a unique function of any state , because change in U

(a) Does not depend upon path
(c) Corresponds to an adiabatic process

9.

(b)

[CPMT 1980]

Depend upon the path

(d) Corresponds to an isothermal process

Which of the following statements is/are correct

(a) Whenever heat is supplied to a gas, its internal energy increases
(b) Internal energy of a gas must increase when its temperature is increased
(c) Internal energy of a gas may be increased even if heat is not supplied to the gas
(d) Internal energy of a gas is proportional to square of the velocity of the vessel in which gas is contained

10.

P-V diagram of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Work done by the gas in process ABCD is
P

(a) 4 P0V0
P0

(c) 3 P0V0

2P0

(b) 2 P0V0

V0 2V 3V

(d) P0V0

Problems based on Joule's law

11.

In a water-fall the water falls from a height of 100 m. If the entire kinetic energy of water is converted into heat,
the rise in temperature of water will be
[MP PMT 2001]

(a) 0.23C
12.

(b) 0.46C

(c) 2.3C

(d) 0.023C

A lead bullet of 10 g travelling at 300 m/s strikes against a block of wood and comes to rest. Assuming 50% of
heat is absorbed by the bullet, the increase in its temperature is (specific heat of lead = 150J/kg, K)
[EAMCET 2001]

(a) 100C
13.

(d) 200C

(b) A physical quantity

[MP PET 2000]

(c) A conversion factor

(d) None of these

The S.I. unit of mechanical equivalent of heat is

(a)

15.

(c) 150C

The mechanical equivalent of heat J is

(a) A constant

14.

(b) 125C

Joule Calorie

(b) Joule / Calorie

[MP PMT/PET 1998]

(c) Calorie Erg

(d) Erg/ Calorie

A lead ball moving with a velocity V strikes a wall and stops. If 50% of its energy is converted into heat, then
what will be the increase in temperature (Specific heat of lead is S)
[RPMT 1996]

(a)

2V 2
JS

(b)

V2
4 JS

(c)

V 2S
J

(d)

V 2S
2J

genius by Pradeep Kshetrapal

Thermodynamic Processes 121
16.

A 10kg mass falls through 25 m on to the ground and bounces to a height of 0.50 m. Assume that all potential
energy lost is used in heating up the mass. The temperature rise will be (Given specific heat of the material is
252 Joule/kg K)
[ISM Dhanbad 1994]
(a) 0.95 K

17.

(b) 0.095 K

(c) 0.0095 K

(d) None of these

4200 J of work is required for

[MP PMT 1986]

(a) Increasing the temperature of 10 gm of water through 10C

of 100 gm of water through 10C

(b) Increasing the temperature

(c) Increasing the temperature of 1 kg of water through 10C

of 10 kg of water through 10C

(d) Increasing the temperature

Problems based on First law of thermodynamics

Basic level
18.

First law of thermodynamics is a special case of

[CPMT 1985; RPET 2000; DCE 2000; CBSE PMT 2000; AIEEE

2002; AFMC 2002]

19.

(a) Newtons law

(b) Law of conservation of energy

(c) Charles law

(d) Law of heat exchange

If Q 0 when heat flows into a system,

internal energy U is

W 0 when work is done on the system, then the increase in the

[AMU (Med.) 2001]

(a) W Q
20.

(b) W Q

(d) (Q W)

(c) Q W

In a given process on an ideal gas, dW = 0 and dQ < 0. Then for the gas

[IIT-JEE (Screening)

2001]

(a) The temperature will decrease

(c) The pressure will remain constant
21.

(b)

The volume will increase

(d) The temperature will increase

If Q and W represent the heat supplied to the system and the work done on the system respectively, then the
first law of thermodynamics can be written as (where U is the internal energy)
[Roorkee 2000]

(a) Q U W
22.

(b) Q U W

(c) Q W U

(d) Q W U

In thermodynamic process, 200 Joules of heat is given to a gas and 100 Joules of work is also done on it. The
change in internal energy of the gas is
[AMU (Engg.) 1999]

(a) 100 J
23.

(b) 300 J

(c) 419 J

(d) 24 J

In a thermodynamic process pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is changed in such a manner that the gas releases
20 joules of heat and 8 joules of work was done on the gas. If the initial internal energy of the gas was 30 joules,
then the final internal energy will be
[CPMT 1986]

(a) 2 J
24.

(b) 42 J

(c) 18 J

(d) 58 J

In a reversible isobaric heating of an ideal gas from state 1 to state 2, the equations for heat transfer and work
are
(a) Q CP (T2 T1), W p(V2 V1)
(c) Q

C
1

P dT,

W 0

(b) Q C P (T2 T1), W 0

(d)

None of these

Advance level
25.

A thermally insulated chamber of volume 2V0 is divided by a frictionless piston of area S into two equal parts
A and B. Part A has an ideal gas at pressure P0 and temperature T0 and in part B is vacuum. A massless
spring of force constant k is connected with piston and the wall of the container as shown. Initially spring is
unstretched. Gas in chamber A is allowed to expand. Let in equilibrium spring is compressed by x0 . Then
(a) Final pressure of the gas is

kx0
S

Gas

Vacuum

genius
122 Thermodynamic Processes
1 2
kx0
2

(b) Work done by the gas is

(c) Change in internal energy of the gas is

1 2
kx0
2

(d) Temperature of the gas is decreased

Problems based on Isothermal process

26.

Which is incorrect

[DCE 2001]

(a) In an isobaric process, P = 0

(c) In an isothermal process, T = 0
27.

(b)

In an isochoric process, W = 0

(d) In an isothermal process, Q = 0

Consider the following statements

Assertion (A): The isothermal curves intersect each other at a certain point
Reason (R) : The isothermal changes take place slowly, so the isothermal curves have very little slope
Of these statements

[AIIMS 2001]

(a) Both A and R are true and R is a correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) Both A and R are false
(e) A is false but R is true
28.

The isothermal bulk modulus of a perfect gas at normal pressure is

[AFMC 1997]

(a) 1.013 105 N / m2 (b) 1.013 106 N / m2

29.

(c) 1.013 1011 N / m2

(d)

1.013 1011 N / m2

When an ideal gas in a cylinder was compressed isothermally by a piston, the work done on the gas was found
to be 1.5 104 J. During this process about
[MP PMT 1987]

(a) 3.6 103 calorie of heat flowed out from the gas (b) 3.6 103 calorie of heat flowed into the gas
(c) 1.5 104 calorie of heat flowed into the gas
30.

(d) 1.5 104 calorie of heat flowed out from the gas

If a gas is heated at constant pressure, its isothermal compressibility

[MP PET 1984]

31.

(a) Remains constant

(b) Increases linearly with temperature

(c) Decreases linearly with temperature

(d) Decreases inversely with temperature

N moles of an ideal diatomic gas are in a cylinder at temperature T. Suppose on supplying heat to the gas, its
temperature remain constant but n moles get dissociated into atoms. Heat supplied to the gas is
(a) Zero

(b)

1
nRT
2

(c)

3
nRT
2

(d)

3
(N n)RT
2

Problems based on Adiabatic process

32.

The slopes of isothermal and adiabatic curves are related as

[CPMT 1971; MH CET 1999; UPSEAT 2000; RPET 2003]

(a) Isothermal curve slope = Adiabatic curve slope

(b) Isothermal curve slope = Adiabatic curve slope

(c) Adiabatic curve slope = Isothermal curve slope (d) Adiabatic curve slope =

1
Isothermal
2

curve

slope
33.

The work done in which of the following processes is equal to the change in internal energy of the system
[UPSEAT 2003]

(a) Adiabatic process

(b) Isothermal process

(c) Isochoric process

(d) None of these

genius by Pradeep Kshetrapal

Thermodynamic Processes 123
34.

In an adiabatic process, the state of a gas is changed from P1, V1, T1 to P2, V2, T2 . Which of the following
relation is correct
[Orissa JEE 2003]

(a) T1V1 1 T2V2 1

35.

(b) P1V1 1 P2V2 1

(c) T1P1 T2P2

(d) T1V1 T2V2

Pressure-temperature relationship for an ideal gas undergoing adiabatic change is ( C p / Cv)

[CPMT 1992; MP PMT 1986, 87, 94, 97; DCE 2001; UPSEAT 1999; 2001; AFMC

2002]

(a) PT = constant
36.

(b) PT 1 = constant

(c) P 1T = constant (d) P 1 T = constant

1
of its original volume adiabatically, then the pressure
8

A monoatomic gas ( = 5/3) is suddenly compressed to

of the gas will change to

[CPMT 1976, 83; MP PMT 1994; Roorkee 2000; KCET (Engg./Med.) 2000; Pb. PMT

1999, 2001]

(a)
37.

24
5

40
3

(b)

(c) 8

(d) 32 times its initial pressure

Consider the following statements

Assertion (A): In adiabatic compression, the internal energy and temperature of the system get decreased
Reason (R) : The adiabatic compression is a slow process
Of these statements
(a) Both A and R are true and R is a correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) Both A and R are false
(e) A is false but R is true

38.

[AIIMS 2001]

If denotes the ratio of two specific heats of a gas, the ratio of slopes of adiabatic and isothermal P-V curves at
their point of intersection is
[NCERT 1990; MH CET 1999; MP PMT 2000]

(a) 1/
39.

(b)

(c) 1

(d) + 1

During the adiabatic expansion of 2 moles of a gas, the internal energy was found to have decreased by 100 J.
The work done by the gas in this process is
[MP PET 1996, 97]

(a) Zero
40.

(b) 100 J

(c) 200 J

For an adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas, the value of

(d) 100 J

P
is equal to
P

[CPMT 1983; MP PMT

1990]

(a)
41.

V
V

(b)

V
V

(c)

V
V

(d)

V
V

The pressure in the tyre of a car is four times the atmospheric pressure at 300 K. If this tyre suddenly bursts, its
new temperature will be ( = 1.4)
[RPMT 1996; MP PMT 1990]

(a) 300(4)1.4 / 0.4

42.

0.4 / 1.4

(b) 300

(c) 300(2)0.4 / 1.4

When a gas expands adiabatically

[CPMT 1990]

(a) No energy is required for expansion

(b) Energy is required and it comes from the wall of the container of the gas
(c) Internal energy of the gas is used in doing work
(d) Law of conservation of energy does not hold
43.

The adiabatic elasticity of hydrogen gas ( = 1.4) at N.T.P. is

[MP PMT 1990]

(d) 300(4)0.4 / 1.4

genius
124 Thermodynamic Processes
(a) 1 105 N / m2
44.

(b) 1 108 N / m2

(c) 1.4 N / m2

(d) 1.4 105 N / m2

Two identical adiabatic vessels are filled with oxygen at pressure P1 and P2 (P1 P2) . The vessels are
interconnected with each other by a non-conducting pipe. If U01 and U02 denote initial internal energy of
oxygen in first and second vessel respectively and U f1 and U f 2 denote final internal energy values, then
(a)

U01 P1

, U f1 U f2
U02 P2

U01 P2

, U f1 U f2
U02 P1

(b)

(c)

U01 P2

, U f1 U f2
U02 P1

(d)

U01 P1

, U f1 U f2
U02 P2
45.

The volume of a gas at two atmospheric pressure is 1 litre. Its volume is increased to 4.5 litre by adiabatic
process, then the heat taken by the gas in calories in this process will be
(a) 840

(b) 84

(c) 8.4

(d) Zero

Problems based on Isobaric process

46.

In which process the P-V indicator diagram is a straight line parallel to volume axis

[KCET (Engg./Med.) 2000;

CPMT 2003]

(a) Irreversible
47.

(b) Adiabatic

(c) Isothermal

(d) Isobaric

When heat is given to a gas in an isobaric process, then

[DPMT 2001]

(a) The work is done by the gas

increases

(b)

(c) Both (a) and (b)

48.

Internal

energy

of

the

gas

(d) None from (a) and (b)

3
The specific heat of hydrogen gas at constant pressure is C p 3.4 10 cal/ kgC and at constant volume is

Cv 2.4 103 cal/ kgC . If one kilogram hydrogen gas is heated from 10C to 20C at constant pressure, the
external work done on the gas to maintain it at constant pressure is
[DPMT 2001]

(a) 105 calories

49.

(b) 104 calories

(c) 103 calories

(d) 5 103 calories

Two kg of water is converted into steam by boiling at atmospheric pressure. The volume changes from
2 103 m3 to 3.34m3 . The work done by the system is about
[Roorkee 2000]

(a) 340 kJ
50.

(d) 340 kJ

(b) 3Q/5

(c) 2Q/5

(d) 2Q/3

540 calories of heat convert 1 cubic centimeter of water at 100C into 1671 cubic centimeter of steam at 100C
at a pressure of one atmosphere. Then the work done against the atmospheric pressure is nearly
(a) 540 cal

52.

(c) 170 kJ

A vessel contains an ideal monoatomic gas which expands at constant pressure, when heat Q is supplied to it.
Then work done by the gas in the expansion is
(a) Q

51.

(b) 170 kJ

(b) 40 cal

(c) Zero cal

(d) 500 cal

When 1 g of water changes from liquid to vapour phase at constant pressure of 1 atmosphere, the volume
increases from 1cm3 to 1671 cc. The heat of vaporisation at this pressure is 540 cal/g. The increase in internal
energy of water
(a) 2099 J

(b) 3000 J

(c) 992 J

(d) 2122 J

Problems based on Cyclic and non-cyclic process

53.

Heat energy absorbed by a system in going through a cyclic process shown in figure is
[AIIMS 1995; BHU 2002]

(a) 107 J

V
(litre)
30

(b) 104 J
(c) 102 J

10

P (kPa)
10

30

genius by Pradeep Kshetrapal

Thermodynamic Processes 125
(d) 103 J
54.

A system, after passing through different states returns back to its original state is
[MH CET (Med.) 2000]

(a) Adiabatic process

55.

(b) Isobaric process

(c) Isothermal process

(d) Cyclic process

A thermodynamic system is taken from state A to B along ACB and is brought back to A along BDA as shown in
the PV diagram. The net work done during the complete cycle is given by the area
P
P2

[CBSE PMT 1992]

B
C

(a) P1ACBP2P1
(b) ACBB'A'A

P1 A

(c) ACBDA

(d) ADBB'A'A
56.

In the diagrams (i) to (iv) of variation of volume with changing pressure is shown. A gas is taken along the path
ABCD. The change in internal energy of the gas will be
[CPMT 1986, 88]
D

B
(i)

57.

B
(ii)

A
A

(iii)

(iv)

(a) Positive in all cases (i) to (iv)

but zero in (iv) case

(b)

Positive in cases (i), (ii) and (iii)

(c) Negative in cases (i), (ii) and (iii) but zero in (iv) case

(d)

Zero in all four cases

A system is taken through a cyclic process represented by a circle as shown. The heat absorbed by the system is
(a) 103 J
(b)

J
2

V(in
cc)60
30
20

(c) 4 10 J

(d) J
58.

50 100 150 200

P(in
kPa)

A thermodynamic system undergoes cyclic process ABCDA as shown in figure. The work done by the system is
P
3P0

(a) P0V0

2P0

(b) 2P0V0

P0

P0V0
(c)
2

A
V0

D
V
2V0

(d) Zero

Problems based on Second law of thermodynamics

59.

The P-V graph of an ideal gas cycle is shown here as below. The adiabatic process is described by
P

(a) AB and BC
(b) AB and CD

[CPMT 1985; UPSEAT 2003]

A
B
D

(c) BC and DA
(d) BC and CD

genius
126 Thermodynamic Processes
60.

A measure of the degree of disorder of a system is known as

[MH CET 1999]

(a) Isobaric
61.

(b) Isotropy

(c) Enthalpy

(d) Entropy

The efficiency of Carnot engine operating with reservior temperature at 100 K and 23 K will be
[CPMT 1997]

(a)
62.

100 23
100

(b)

100 23
100

(c)

100 23
373

(d)

100 23
373

Coefficient of performance of an ideal refrigerator working between temperature T1 and T2 (T1 > T2) is

[AFMC

1996]

(a)
63.

T2
T1 T2

(b)

T2
T1 T2

(c)

T1
T1 T2

(d)

T1
T1 T2

Entropy of a thermodynamic system does not change when this system is used for
[AIIMS 1995]

64.

(a) Conduction of heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir

work isobarically

(b) Conversion

(c) Conversion of heat into internal energy isochorically

isochorically

Conversion of work into heat

(d)

of

heat

into

The second law of thermodynamics states that

(a) Heat is neither created nor destroyed
(b) Heat can be converted into other forms of energy
(c) Heat flows from a hot object to a cold one
(d) The mechanical equivalent of heat is the amount of energy that must be expended in order to produce heat

65.

A Carnot engine works between ice point and steam point. Its efficiency will be
(a) 26.81%

(b) 53.36%

(c) 71.23%

(d) 85.42%