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Machining Formulas

The document defines common machining terms used to calculate cutting speeds, feed rates, and depth of cut for milling operations. It provides formulas to calculate revolutions per minute (RPM) based on surface feet per minute (SFPM) and cutter diameter, and to calculate inches per revolution (IPR) based on chip load and number of cutter flutes. It also lists factors a machinist must select such as SFPM, chip load, and depth of cut when using end mills.

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Diego Stahl Huaman Rios
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© © All Rights Reserved
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892 views

Machining Formulas

The document defines common machining terms used to calculate cutting speeds, feed rates, and depth of cut for milling operations. It provides formulas to calculate revolutions per minute (RPM) based on surface feet per minute (SFPM) and cutter diameter, and to calculate inches per revolution (IPR) based on chip load and number of cutter flutes. It also lists factors a machinist must select such as SFPM, chip load, and depth of cut when using end mills.

Uploaded by

Diego Stahl Huaman Rios
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MACHINING FORMULAS

SFM = 0.262 x D x RPM


RPM = (3.82 x SFM) / D
IPR = IPM / RPM or CHIP LOAD x F
IPM = RPM. x IPR
CHIP LOAD = IPM / (RPM x F) or IPR / F

TERMS

Flutes(F) - Number of flutes

Diameter(D) - Diameter of cutter

Chip load - The amount of material removed by each flute of the cutter.

Feed Rate or Feed per tooth - The inches per minute of workpiece movement toward the cutter between each tooth

Inches Per Minute(IPM) - Number of linear inches the cutter passes through the workpiece in one minute

Depth of Cut (DOC) - The depth of cut of the end mill into the part surface axially. With CNC milling, it is measure
in the Z axis direction.

Inches Per Revolution (IPR) - Feed rate of the cutter for each revolution of the cutter. In the inch system, the feed
rate of the cutter can be calculated for each revolution of the cutter.
o I.P.R. = Chip load x Number of flutes

Millimeters Per Revolution (MMPR) - Feed rate of the cutter each revolution of the cutter. In the metric system, the
feed rate of the cutter can be calculated for each revolution of the cutter.
o M.M.P.R. = Chip load x Number of flutes

Meters Per Minute (MPM) - The cutting speed of the end mill. This system is used in all countries that use the Metr
system. MPM represents the rate of the surface of the cutter passes over the surface of the part. Cutting speed is
measured in Meters per minute.

Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) - The spindle speed rate of the cutter. This value will be calculated from a selected
SFPM or MPM.

Surface Feet Per Minute (SFPM) - The is the cutting speed of the end mill in the United States. It is the number of
feet per minute that a given point on the circumference of a cutter travels per minute.
SELECTING SPEED AND FEED RATES AND THE DEPTH OF CUT
The following items must be selected by the machinist / programmer when using end mills.
o SFPM - cutting surface speed

o Chip Load - material removal rate


o Depth of Cut - depends on specific part applications requirements
o Considerations - cutting depth never to exceed flute length
Excessive depth of cut will result in tool deflection. As required, the depth of cut increases use the largest diameter
cutter available to maintain a depth to diameter ratio of 1 : 1.

Width of Cut - (maximum amount should not exceed 2/3 x Cutter diameter)

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