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Calculation of Plug Flow Reactor Design

1) The document provides equations to calculate the amount of catalyst needed for a dehydrogenation reaction of isopropyl alcohol to acetone, which follows first order kinetics. 2) It also includes equations to calculate the heat transfer requirements for the exothermic reaction, including the amount of molten salt needed to supply the heat of reaction. 3) Additional calculations shown determine the reactor size, such as total heat transfer area, reactor length and thickness, and pressure drop across the packed bed catalyst.

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Tegar Bagaskara
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223 views3 pages

Calculation of Plug Flow Reactor Design

1) The document provides equations to calculate the amount of catalyst needed for a dehydrogenation reaction of isopropyl alcohol to acetone, which follows first order kinetics. 2) It also includes equations to calculate the heat transfer requirements for the exothermic reaction, including the amount of molten salt needed to supply the heat of reaction. 3) Additional calculations shown determine the reactor size, such as total heat transfer area, reactor length and thickness, and pressure drop across the packed bed catalyst.

Uploaded by

Tegar Bagaskara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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Calculate the amount of catalysts needed

Calculate the kinetic coefficient of the reaction

k =3.51 x 105 exp

72380
8.314 ( 273+420 )

(1)

The dehydrogenation reaction of isopropyl alcohol to acetone follows first order


reaction, then

k =( 1 ) ln

1
X
(1X )

(2)

Since

W C ipa0
Fipa0

(3)

Where:
W = amount of catalyst needed (kg)
Fipa0 = mass flowrate of IPA feed (kg/s)
Cipa0 = concentration of IPA feed (mol/m3)

By combining equation (1), (2), and (3) the amount of catalyst needed can be
calculated as

F ipa0

W=

3.51 x 105 xCipa0 exp

( 8.31472380
( 273+420 ) )

( 1 ) ln

1
X
(1X )

(4)

Heat transfer calculation


The void fraction in a packed bed is defined as

volume of voidsbed
total volume of bed(void plus solids)

The specific surface area of particle av is defined as

(5)

a v=

Sp
vp

(6)

Where Sp is the surface area of particle and vp the volume of particle. For a
spherical particle,

av=

6
Dp

(7)

Since (1-) is the volume fraction of particles in bed, then the ratio of total surface
in the bed to total volume of bed can be expressed as

a=a v ( 1 )=

6
(1 )
Dp

(8)

Calculate the heat of the dehydrogenation reaction of isopropyl alcohol to acetone


(420+273)

H (420+273) = H 298 +

Cp dT

298

(9)

Calculate the amount of molten salt needed to supply the heat of the reaction. The
molten salt assumed to enter the reactor at 500oC and exits the reactor at 430oC.

Q=M moltensalt C p moltensalt T

(10)

Calculate total area needed for heat transfer

Q=UA T lmtd

(11)

Calculate the length of the reactor, assuming reactor diameter of 2 m

L=

A
D

(12)

Calculate the minimum reactor thickness using British standard PD 5500

e=

Pi D i
2 f Pi

Where f is the design stress and Pi is the internal pressure

(13)

Calculate pressure drop in packed bed using ergun equation


2

' 2

150 v ' L ( 1 ) 1.75 ( v ) L 1


p=
+
2
3
Dp

Dp

(14)

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