Lab Report On Basics Logic Gate

BASIC LOGIC GATES
Shyam Kumar
M.Sc Physics
Roll No-15510059
shyam.kumar@iitgn.ac.in
february, 2016
Contents
1 ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 THEORY
3.1 NOT GATE .
3.2 AND GATE .
3.3 OR GATE . .
3.4 NAND GATE
3.5 NOR GATE .
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3
3
4
4
4
5
4 DATA ANALYSIS OF GATES

4.1 NOT GATE . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 AND GATE . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 OR GATE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 NAND GATE . . . . . . . . . . .
4.5 NOR GATE . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.6 NAND GATE from NOR GATE
4.7 AND GATE from NOR GATE .
4.8 NOR GATE from NAND GATE
4.9 OR GATE from NAND GATE .
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5 CONCLUSION
6 REFERENCE
ABSTRACT
Under this experiment (Basics Logic Gates) we will study the operation of the AND, NAND,
OR and NOR logic gates and analyse the outputs with the truth tables for the aforesaid
gates.
INTRODUCTION
A large number of electronic circuits in computers, control units and so on are made up of
logic gates. A Gate is a logic circuit that has only two (one inpute in NOT) but only one
outpute.A signal appears at the output only for certain combinations of the inpute signals.
thus, the circuit behave like a gate which either allows a signal to pass through it or blocks
it. The basics Logic gates are:
3
3.1
THEORY
NOT GATE
Truth Table of a NOT Gate is given in this form:

INPUT A
0
1
OUTPUT Q
1
0
3.2
AND GATE
The truth table of AND Gate is given in the form:

INPUT A
0
0
1
1
3.3
INPUT B
0
1
0
1
OUTPUT Q
0
0
0
1
OR GATE
The truth table of OR GATE is given in the form:

INUPUT A
0
0
1
1
3.4
INPUT B
0
1
0
1
OUTPUT Q
0
1
1
1
NAND GATE
The truth table of NAND GATE is given in the form:

INUPUT A
0
0
1
1
INPUT B
0
1
0
1
4
OUTPUT Q
1
1
1
0
3.5
NOR GATE
The truth table of NOR GATE is given in the form:

INUPUT A
0
0
1
1
INPUT B
0
1
0
1
OUTPUT Q
1
0
0
0
The microelectronic chip that we are going to use in this practical as AND, OR, NAND,
NOR and NOT GATES are given as follows with their corresponding IC Numbers:
7404 one input

NOT GATE
4
4.1
DATA ANALYSIS OF GATES

NOT GATE
Source as high voltage input = 4.40 V(ON)

Source as low voltage input = 0 V(OFF)
INPUT
A
0
1
4.2
OUTPUT
Q
Vout in V
1 3.870(ON)
0 0.190(OFF)
AND GATE

INPUT
OUTPUT
State
A
B
state multicolumn1cVoltage State Voltage
State
Voltage
State VOltage State Vout in V
1
4.82
1
4.82
1
4.84 (ON)
1
4.82
0
0
0
.11 (OFF)
0
0
1
4.82
0
.11 (OFF)
0
0
0
0
0
.11 (OFF)
4.3
OR GATE

INPUT
OUTPUT
State
A
B
State
Voltage
1
4.82
1
4.82
1
4.83 (ON)
1
4.82
0
0
1
4.83 (ON)
0
0
1
4.82
1
4.83 (ON)
0
0
0
0
0
0 (OFF)
4.4
NAND GATE

INPUT
OUTPUT
State
A
B
State
Voltage
1
4.83
1
4.83
0
.12 (OF)
1
4.83
0
0
1
4.29 (ON)
0
0
1
4.82
1
4.26 (ON)
0
0
0
0
1
4.29 (ON)
4.5
NOR GATE

INPUT
OUTPUT
State
A
B
State
Voltage
1
4.83
1
4.83
0
.17 (OFF)
1
4.83
0
0
0
.18 (OFF)
0
0
1
4.82
0
.18 (OFF)
0
0
0
0
1
4.31 (ON)
4.6
NAND GATE from NOR GATE
4.7
AND GATE from NOR GATE
4.8
NOR GATE from NAND GATE
4.9
OR GATE from NAND GATE
CONCLUSION
So we have studied how logic gates work on the basis of Boolean algebra. Also using only
some basic logic gates we can construct any other logic gate using its combination in a
particular way. But to get a combinational logic gate most efficiently we should use the
axioms and theorems of Boolean algebra. Input of a gate can be more than 2 for example
we can have a four inputs AND Gate or three inputs AND Gate. The output of one logic
gate can be used as the input to another logic gate or several logic gates depending upon or
choice of combinational gate structure.
REFERENCE
1. V K MEHTA PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRONICS

2. A textbook on ELECTRONICS by Basudev Ghosh
3. PRACTICAL BOOK GEETA SANON

Lab Report On Basics Logic Gate

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Lab Report On Basics Logic Gate

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BASIC LOGIC GATES

4 DATA ANALYSIS OF GATES

Truth Table of a NOT Gate is given in this form:

The truth table of AND Gate is given in the form:

The truth table of OR GATE is given in the form:

The truth table of NAND GATE is given in the form:

The truth table of NOR GATE is given in the form:

7404 one input

DATA ANALYSIS OF GATES

Source as high voltage input = 4.40 V(ON)

Source as high voltage input = 4.82 V(ON)

Source as high voltage input = 4.82 V(ON)

Source as high voltage input = 4.83 V(ON)

Source as high voltage input = 4.83 V(ON)

NAND GATE from NOR GATE

AND GATE from NOR GATE

NOR GATE from NAND GATE

OR GATE from NAND GATE

1. V K MEHTA PRINCIPLE OF ELECTRONICS

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