Whitechapel College

BTEC Higher National Diploma in Computing and System Development

Student Name Student No. Assessor Unit 33 Handout Date Syed Tufayel Ahmed 0000680

Data Analysis and Design

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Assessment Grid indicating their pass, merit and distinction

Unit Outcomes Outcome LO1. Understand data models and database technologies. Evidence for the criteria Feedback to pass. i. Critically compare different data models and schemas. Choose the best model for your database. Present your comparison in appropriate format. [M3] ii. Critically discuss the benefits and limitations of different database technologies. [P2] Assessors Decision

iii. Analyse different approaches to database design. [P3]

iv. Examine database tools and techniques. [P4]

LO2. Be able i. Create system to design and requirements implement documentation for relational database development. database [P5] systems.

ii. Design a relational database system to meet a given requirement. [M2]

iii. Identify and apply a range of database tools and techniques to build the relational database system based on the system requirements specification with enhanced user interface. [M1] LO3. Be able to use manipulation and querying tools. i. Explain the benefits of using manipulation and query tools in a relational database system. [P8]

ii Implement query language into your relational database system and generate appropriate reports and queries. Provide one sample query. [P9]

iii. Critically evaluate how meaningful data has been extracted through the use of query tools. [D1]

LO4. Be able to test and document relational database systems.

i. Apply all testing procedures to critically review and test your relational database system and take responsibility to control the quality of the product. [D2]

ii. Create documentation to support the implementation and testing of a relational database system. [P12]

iii. Create user documentation for a developed relational database system. [P13]

iv. Explain verification validation has addressed in system. [P14]

how and been your

v. Explain how control mechanisms have been used. [P15]

vi. Demonstrate convergent, lateral and creative thinking in relational database system development. [D3]

MERIT Grades

M1

M2

M3

DISTINCTION Grades

D1

D2

D3

Grade Awarded

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QCF Level 5 BTEC Higher National Unit 33: Data Analysis and Design
Unit Code: H/601/1991 Credit Value:15
Aim: To provide learners with the knowledge and skills needed to understand, design, query and implement database systems.

Unit Abstract:
An understanding of database tools and technologies is a key to many of todays industries. Database systems are predominant in the world of IT, and continue to demand more complex data structures and interface, as applications get increasingly sophisticated. Databases provide the infrastructure to many organisations, and they offer support to key business applications and information systems. The most common database model used commercially is the relational one. The aim of this unit is to provide a knowledge and understanding of database systems including design principles, practical implementation and development skills for both the system designer and software engineer. The importance of structured query languages should be stressed, in terms of how they can be used to manipulate data and how they are used for a variety of tasks including querying and report writing. On completion of this unit the learner should be able to understand, design, query and implement a database(s). Learners will also have a theoretical insight into the requirement for designing a database that meets a given user or system requirement and that is functional, user friendly and robust.

Learning outcomes
On successful completion of this unit a learner will: 1. Understand data models and database technologies. 2. Be able to design and implement relational database systems. 3. Be able to use manipulation and querying tools. 4. Be able to test and document relational database systems.

Unit content
1. Understand data models and database technologies Data models: Hierarchical; Network; Relational; data manipulation languages; data definition languages; data independence; data redundancy issues; data integrity; schema; eg tables fields relationships, views, indexes; conceptual scheme; physical scheme, data dictionary. Approaches: Top down and bottom up; tools and techniques eg entity analysis, Entity Relation Diagrams (ERDs), determinancy diagrams, data flow diagrams; entities; attributes and key identifiers; relationship types and enterprise rules; degrees of relationships; functional dependency; first, second and third normal forms. New developments: Dynamic storage; data mining and data warehousing; web enabled database applications; other developments eg multimedia databases, document management systems, digital libraries. 2. Be able to design and implement relational database systems Designs: Data types; entity and referential constraints; conversion of logical database design to a physical implementation; tools and techniques; issues around the degree of normalisation chosen; verification and validity checks; data definition; control mechanisms. Requirements: Requirements specification; relational requirements; other requirements eg need to integrate with legacy systems, future requirements, timescales, costs. User interface: Requirements eg functionality, reliability, consistency, performance, menu driven, HCI interface. 3. Be able to use manipulation and querying tools Data manipulation: Query languages; visual tools; typical tasks eg for database maintenance, inserts, updates and amendments. Queries and reporting: Query languages and query by example (QBE); formatting; functions/formulae; report writing tools. 4. Be able to test and document relational database systems Control mechanisms. example systems eg TQM(Total Quality Management); connection to requirements specification; sign off procedures. Testing procedures: test plans; test models eg white box, black box; test documentation; other eg organisational requirements; user documentation eg help menu, pop-ups, hot-spots.

Assessment Questions:
As a member of the software development team, your responsibility is to design and develop database for the project. The project currently going on is to develop payroll software for the organisation. (Select organisation of your choice to collect data) Choose appropriate RDBMS. Based on the following questions, explain how you will carry out your task.

Outcome LO1 Task 1

i) Critically compare different data models and schemas. Choose the best model for your database. Present your comparison in appropriate format. [M3] Critically discuss the benefits and limitations of different database technologies. [P2] Analyse different approaches to database design. [P3] Examine database tools and techniques. [P4]

ii) iii) iv)

Outcome LO2 Task 2

i) ii) iii) Create system requirements documentation for database development. [P5] Design a relational database system to meet a given requirement. [M2] Identify and apply a range of database tools and techniques to build the relational database system based on the system requirements specification with enhanced user interface. [M1]

Outcome LO3 Task 3

i) ii) Explain the benefits of using manipulation and query tools in a relational database system. [P8] Implement query language into your relational database system and generate appropriate reports and queries. Provide one sample query. [P9]

iii)

Critically evaluate how meaningful data has been extracted through the use of query tools. [D1]

Outcome LO4 Task 4

i) Apply all testing procedures to critically review and test your relational database system and take responsibility to control the quality of the product. [D2] Create documentation to support the implementation and testing of a relational database system. [P12] Create user documentation for a developed relational database system. [P13] Explain how verification and validation has been addressed in your system. [P14] Explain how control mechanisms have been used. [P15] Demonstrate convergent, lateral and creative thinking in relational database system development. [D3]

ii) iii) iv) v) vi)

Outcomes and assessment criteria

Outcome LO1
Understand data models and database technologies. Assessment criteria for pass 1.1. Critically compare different data models and schemas. 1.2. Critically discuss the benefits and limitations of different database technologies. 1.3. Analyse different approaches to database design.

Outcome LO2
Be able to design and implement relational database systems. Assessment criteria for pass

2.1. Design a relational database system to meet a given requirement. 2.2. Build a relational database system based on a prepared design. 2.3. Apply a range of database tools and techniques to enhance the user interface.

Outcome LO3
Be able to use manipulation and querying tools. Assessment criteria for pass 3.1. Explain the benefits of using manipulation and query tools in a relational database system. 3.2. Implement a query language into the relational database System. 3.3. Critically evaluate how meaningful data has been extracted through the use of query tools.

Outcome LO4
Be able to test and document relational database systems. Assessment criteria for pass 4.1. Critically review and test a relational database system. 4.2. Create documentation to support the implementation and testing of a relational database system. 4.3. Create user documentation for a developed relational database system. 4.4. Explain how verification and validation has been addressed. 4.5. Explain how control mechanisms have been used.

Grade Descriptors: Outcomes/criteria LO1. Understand data models and database technologies. LO2. Be able to design and implement relational database systems. LO3. Be able to use manipulation and querying tools. LO4. Be able to test and document relational database systems. Indicative characteristics As per the assessment criteria specified for pass

Do

Do

Do

Merit Description: M1.Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions. . Relevant theories and techniques have been applied. . Effective judgments have been made. . Complex problems with more than one variable have been explored. . An effective approach to study and research has been used. . A range of methods and techniques has been applied. . A range of sources of information used. . The selection of methods and techniques justified. . Complex information/data have been synthesized and processed. .Appropriate learning methods/ techniques applied. M3. Present and communicate appropriate findings. . Appropriate structure and approach has been used. . Logical and coherent arguments have been presented . Technical language accurately used. . A range of methods of presentation has been used. . Appropriate media used. . Familiar and unfamiliar contexts have been used.

M2. Select/ design and apply appropriate methods/ techniques.

. It is appropriate for familiar and unfamiliar audiences. Distinction Description: D1. Use critical reflection to . Synthesis has been used to generate and justify valid evaluate own work and conclusions justify valid conclusion. . The validity of results has been judged . Self-criticism of approach has taken place. . Evaluation has taken place using defined criteria . Realistic improvements have been proposed against defined characteristics for success. D2. Take responsibility for .Autonomy/independence demonstrated managing and organizing .Substantial activities/projects or investigations have activities. been planned, managed and organized. .The unforeseen has been accommodated. .The importance of interdependence has been recognized. D3. Demonstrate .Ideas generate and decisions taken convergent, lateral and .Self evaluation has taken place creative thinking .Convergent and lateral thinking have been applied .Capacity for innovation and creative thought has been used. .Receptiveness to new ideas has demonstrated. .Unfamiliar contexts have been applied.

Notes: 1. Use a standard format. 2. Answer the questions with word limit of 4500 words. 3. Use Harvard referencing system. 4. Complete the title page and sign the statement of authenticity. 5. Submit the document in a folder in the form of a file on the date specified in the plan. Submission should be a soft copy and a hard copy. 6. Collusion and Plagiarism must be avoided. 7. Highlight each question clearly. 8. Pages should be numbered. 9. Assignment sheet should be attached in the front. 10. Bibliography at the end of the assignment. 11. All work should be comprehensively referenced and all sources must be acknowledged fully, as books and journals, websites etc--.Try to give the page numbers, publisher details and year of publication with the authors support. 12. Use a common format for the questions as - Introduction (analyze the question.) - Underpinning Knowledge (write about the relevant theory/points) - Applied knowledge - Conclusion (summarizing the whole scenario keeping in view pass, merit, distinction criteria.) 13. Appropriate instructions should be given to install and run the software.

Assignment Guidelines 1. This assignment is designed to help you achieve a merit or distinction. 2. Make sure that you address the assessment criteria fully for a successful result. 3. Refer the handouts for better ideas. 4. Use the computer to research recommended websites and word process your assignment. 5. Content of work is more important than the length. Textbooks Avison D and Fitzgerald G Information Systems Development: Methodologies, Techniques and Tools (McGraw Hill Higher Publishing Company, 2006) ISBN 0077114175. Chao L Database Development and Management (CRC Press, 2006) ISBN 0849392381. Connolly T and Begg C Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation and Management (Addison Wesley, 2004) ISBN 0321210255. Howe D Data Analysis for Database Design (Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, 2001) ISBN 0750650869. Kroenke D Database Concepts, 2nd Edition (Prentice Hall, 2004) ISBN 0131451413. Ponniah P Database Design and Development: An Essential Guide for IT Professionals: Visible Analyst Set (John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2006) ISBN 0471760943. Ritchie C Relational Database Principles (Thomson Learning, 2002) ISBN 0826457134.

Websites www.deeptraining.com/litwin/dbdesign/FundamentalsOfRelationalDatabaseD esign.aspx www.geekgirls.com/menu_databases.htm www.smart-it-consulting.com/database/progress-database-design-guide/