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HTML Tags HTML Markup Tags Are Usually Called HTML Tags

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create web pages. HTML uses tags to define elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, links and more. A web browser reads HTML documents and displays them as web pages. HTML forms allow users to enter data into fields like text boxes, checkboxes and radio buttons. This data can then be submitted to a server for processing.

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48 views

HTML Tags HTML Markup Tags Are Usually Called HTML Tags

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create web pages. HTML uses tags to define elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, links and more. A web browser reads HTML documents and displays them as web pages. HTML forms allow users to enter data into fields like text boxes, checkboxes and radio buttons. This data can then be submitted to a server for processing.

Uploaded by

Siva
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML: HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for displaying web pages and other

information that can be displayed in a web browser. HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>), within the web page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some tags, known as empty elements, are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags). In between these tags web designers can add text, tags, comments and other types of text-based content. The purpose of a web browser is to read HTML documents and compose them into visible or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page. HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts in languages such as JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML webpages. Web browsers can also refer to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define the appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C, maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML markup. HTML markup consists of several key components, including elements (and their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. Another important component is the document type declaration, which triggers standards mode rendering. The following is an example of the classic Hello world program
<html> <head> <title>Hello HTML</title> </head> <body> <p>Hello World!</p> </body> </html> What is HTML? HTML is a language for describing web pages.

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language HTML is a markup language A markup language is a set of markup tags The tags describe document content HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text HTML documents are also called web pages

HTML Tags HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags

HTML tags are keywords (tag names) surrounded by angle brackets like <html> HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag The end tag is written like the start tag, with a forward slash before the tag name Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags

<tagname>content</tagname>

HTML Elements
"HTML tags" and "HTML elements" are often used to describe the same thing. But strictly speaking, an HTML element is everything between the start tag and the end tag, including the tags: HTML Element:

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

Web Browsers
The purpose of a web browser (such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML ags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page:

HTML Versions
Since the early days of the web, there have been many versions of HTML:

Version HTML HTML+ HTML 2.0 HTML 3.2 HTML 4.01 XHTML 1.0 HTML5 XHTML5

Year 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2000 2012 2013

HTML Tables
Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag). td stands for "table data," and holds the content of a data cell. A <td> tag can contain text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
<table border="1"> <tr> <td>row 1, cell 1</td> <td>row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2, cell 1</td> <td>row 2, cell 2</td> </tr> </table>

How the HTML code above looks in a browser: row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2 row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

HTML Tables and the Border Attribute


If you do not specify a border attribute, the table will be displayed without borders. Sometimes this can be useful, but most of the time, we want the borders to show. To display a table with borders, specify the border attribute: <table border="1"> <tr> <td>Row 1, cell 1</td> <td>Row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> </table>

HTML Table Headers


Header information in a table are defined with the <th> tag. All major browsers display the text in the <th> element as bold and centered. <table border="1"> <tr> <th>Header 1</th> <th>Header 2</th> </tr> <tr> <td>row 1, cell 1</td> <td>row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2, cell 1</td> <td>row 2, cell 2</td> </tr> </table> How the HTML code above looks in your browser: Header 1 Header 2 row 1, cell 1 row 1, cell 2 row 2, cell 1 row 2, cell 2

HTML Table Tags


Tag <table> <th> <tr> <td> <caption> <colgroup> <col> <thead> <tbody> <tfoot> Description Defines a table Defines a header cell in a table Defines a row in a table Defines a cell in a table Defines a table caption Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element Groups the header content in a table Groups the body content in a table Groups the footer content in a table

HTML Forms
HTML forms are used to pass data to a server.

An HTML form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons, submit buttons and more. A form can also contain select lists, textarea, fieldset, legend, and label elements. The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form: <form> . input elements . </form>

HTML Form Tags


New : New tags in HTML5. Tag <form> <input> <textarea> <label> <fieldset> <legend> <select> <optgroup> <option> <button> <datalist>New <keygen>New <output>New Description Defines an HTML form for user input Defines an input control Defines a multiline input control (text area) Defines a label for an <input> element Groups related elements in a form Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element Defines a drop-down list Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list Defines an option in a drop-down list Defines a clickable button Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls Defines a key-pair generator field (for forms) Defines the result of a calculation

HTML Forms - The Input Element


The most important form element is the <input> element. The <input> element is used to select user information. An <input> element can vary in many ways, depending on the type attribute. An <input> element can be of type text field, checkbox, password, radio button, submit button, and more. The most common input types are described below.

Text Fields

<input type="text"> defines a one-line input field that a user can enter text into: <form> First name: <input type="text" name="firstname"><br> Last name: <input type="text" name="lastname"> </form> How the HTML code above looks in a browser: First name: Last name: Note: The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of a text field is 20 characters.

Password Field
<input type="password"> defines a password field: <form> Password: <input type="password" name="pwd"> </form> How the HTML code above looks in a browser: Password: Note: The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).

Radio Buttons
<input type="radio"> defines a radio button. Radio buttons let a user select ONLY ONE of a limited number of choices: <form> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="male">Male<br> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="female">Female </form> How the HTML code above looks in a browser: Male Female

Checkboxes
<input type="checkbox"> defines a checkbox. Checkboxes let a user select ZERO or MORE options of a limited number of choices.

<form> <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike">I have a bike<br> <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car">I have a car </form> How the HTML code above looks in a browser: I have a bike I have a car

Submit Button
<input type="submit"> defines a submit button. A submit button is used to send form data to a server. The data is sent to the page specified in the form's action attribute. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input: <form name="input" action="html_form_action.asp" method="get"> Username: <input type="text" name="user"> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> How the HTML code above looks in a browser: Username: If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the "Submit" button, the browser will send your input to a page called "html_form_action.asp". The page will show you the received input.

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