Competency Based Learning Material: Maintaining Computer System and Networks
Competency Based Learning Material: Maintaining Computer System and Networks
Module #7
Qualification
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page How to Use this Module Introduction Technical Terms Learning Outcome 1 Information Sheet 1.1 Operation Sheet 1.1 Learning Outcome 2 Information Sheet 2.1 Self Check 2.1 Information Sheet 2.2 Operation Sheet 2.1 Learning Outcome 3 Job Sheet 3.1 Answer Key 2.1 Acknowledgment 13 17 18 20 22 i ii iii 1 2 6 7 9 12
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008 First Published JUNE 2008 This module was based on the Competency-Based CurriculumContextual Learning Matrix (CBC-CLM) and finalized on the Instructional Modules Finalization Development Workshop conducted at the Development Academy of the Philippines, Tagaytay City, on May 6-10, 2008. This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel: Technology Teachers: Mr. Jemuel Jay E. Ybanez Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science Technology Mr. Joselito H. Zapanta General Mariano Alvarez Technical High School Mrs. Mirasol F. Dasig San Pedro Relocation Center National High School Ms. Evelyn U. Escario Don Alejandro Roces Sr. Science Technology Ms. Cherlyn F. de Luna Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernardino Memorial Trade School
Contextual Teacher: Mrs. Ma. Josefina Bueno-Luna E. Rodriuez Vocational High School
Encoder: Mrs. Marites L. Telewik Milagros P. Aguihap Deped Nelson Clerigo This work was produced with funding provided by the Department of Education.
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Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Maintain Computer System and Networks Maintaining Computer Systems and Networks
INTRODUCTION
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on Computer Hardware Servicing NC II. It includes the following competencies: plan and prepare maintenance procedures; maintain computer system and networks; and inspect and test computer system and networks. It consists of 3 learning outcomes. Each learning outcome contains learning activities supported by each instructional sheet. Upon completion of this module, report to your teacher to assess your achievement of knowledge and skills requirement of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of completion.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the module you should be able to: LO1. Plan and prepare maintenance procedures LO2. Maintain computer system and networks LO3. Inspect and test computer system and networks PRE-REQUISITES: You must have completed module 5 Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer System and module 6 Configure Computer Systems and Networks before studying this module.
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TECHNICAL TERMS
l OHS Occupational Health and Safety l LAN Card Local area network interface card. l Server is a part of a network. It is a special computer that users on the network can asses to carry out a particular job. l Port hub /Port is a connector on the back of a computer or other device. A port is either a serial port or a parallel port. l Modem - (Modulator-Demodulator) The modem is a device that allows a given computer to share data or otherwise a device which let computers exchange information l USB (Universal Serial Port) l Scanner- it is an input device that read text or illustration printed on paper, translates the information into a form that a computer can use. l Printer - It is a piece of hardware that produces a paper copy (also known as hardcopy) of the information generated by the computer. l Flash drive a portable storage device which is plug directly to the USB port. l Network a group of computers and associated devices that are connected by communications facilities. l OS (Operating system) software that controls the allocation and use of programs and data that a computer uses. l Software programs and data that a computer uses. l Motherboard contains the CPU, BIOS, Memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slot and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices such as the display screen, keyboard and disk drive l UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) least expensive and most popular network media. l LAN Local Area Network, the connection of computers within an organization or a building. l MAN Metropolitan Area Network, the establishment of connection among computers within a country or municipality. l WAN Wide Area Network, global connection of networked computers. Otherwise known as the internet. l Maintenance - is the testing and cleaning of equipment. l Planning is both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired future on some scale l Computer System - The complete computer made up of the CPU, memory and related electronics (main cabinet), all the peripheral devices connected to it and its operating system. Computer systems fall into two broad divisions: clients and servers. Client machines fall into three categories from low to high end: laptop,
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desktop and workstation. Servers range from small to large: low-end servers, midrange servers and mainframes.
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Computer Hardware Servicing NC II Maintain Computer System and Networks Maintaining of Computer System and Networks
Assessment Criteria: 1. Requirement for planning and preparing for maintenance task is organized. 2. Execution of OHS policies are carried out along with the task. 3. Checked computer system to be maintained; which corresponds to specification and requirements. 4. Necessary materials for ensuring work delivery conform to the task. 5. Proper tools, equipment and testing devices for maintenance purposes are obtained and checked against correct operation and safety. 6. Computer system and network to be maintained are identified based on the teachers instructions References:
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2. Design a systematic maintenance plan for your software. Backup your files Install or secure passwords Delete temporary files Update antivirus and spy ware MONTHLY COMPUTER MAINTENANCE PLAN JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
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TYPES OF MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE: (1) Hardware maintenance is the testing and cleaning of equipment. (2) Information system maintenance is the routine updating of master files, such as adding and deleting employees and customers and changing credit limits and product prices. (3) Software or program maintenance is the updating of application programs in order to meet changing information requirements, such as adding new functions and changing data formats. It also includes fixing bugs and adapting the software to new hardware devices. (4) Disk or file maintenance is the periodic reorganizing of disk files that have become fragmented due to continuous updating.
Work place procedures Identify hazards and assess risk. Execution of OHS policies are carried out along with the task.
Following certain procedure is very important to perform a given operation or evolution or in reaction to a given event. The table below shows different elements and their corresponding performance criteria to be able to identify occupational health and safety hazards, and assess risk, as well as follow instructions and procedure in the workplace with minimal supervision. The students will also be capable of participating and contributing to OHS management issues.
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ELEMENT 1. Identify hazards and assess risk. 2.Follow procedures and strategies for risk control.
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 1.1Identify hazards in the work area and during the performance of workplace duties. 1.2Assess level of risk 2.1Report hazards in the work area to designated personnel according to workplace procedures 2.2Follow workplace procedures and work instructions for assessing and controlling risks with minimal supervision. 2.3Whenever necessary, within the scope of responsibilities and competencies, follow workplace procedures for dealing with hazards and incidents, fire and/or other emergencies.
3.1Describe employee rights regarding consultation on OHS matters 3.2Raise task and/or job specific OHS issues with appropriate people in accordance with workplace procedures and relevant OHS legislative requirements 3.3Contribute to participative arrangement for OHS management in the workplace within organisational procedures and the scope of responsibilities and competencies 3.4 Provide feedback to supervisor on hazards in work area in line with organisational OHS policies and procedures 3.5 Provide support in implementing procedures to control risks in accordance with organisational procedures
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ELEMENT Examples of OHS issues which may need to be raised by workers with designated personnel may include:
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA Hazards identified Problems encountered in managing risks associated with hazards Clarification on understanding of OHS policies and procedures Communication and consultation processes Follow up on reports and feedback. Effectiveness of risk controls in place Training needs
Materials, Tools, Equipments and Testing Devices. Tools (1) A program used for software development or system maintenance. Virtually any program or utility that helps programmers or users develop applications or maintain their computers can be called a tool. Examples of programming tools are compilers, interpreters, assemblers, 4GLs, editors, debuggers and application generators. (2) A program that helps the user analyze or search for data. For example, query and report programs are often called query tools and report tools. (3) An on-screen function in a graphics program; for example, a line draw, circle draw or brush tool. (4) A software control panel for setting user preferences. (5) Sometimes, people will call any software a "tool." For example, the phrase, "there aren't any tools to do that job" means that no application is available to perform the required processing.
Materials
Equipment/Facilities
Protective eye wear Floppy disk Server Wire stripper with cutter Compact Disk Computer peripherals Pliers(Assorted) Desktop computers Screw drivers (Assorted) OHS guidelines Date: Module 5. Diagnosing and Troubleshooting of computer systems Soldering iron/gun Phil. Environmental Version De-soldering tool protection standards Flashlight Monitors Tweezers Motherboard
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MAINTENANCE TASK Recalibrate the battery Clean computer case Clean keyboard Clean mouse Clean screen
MON
TUE
WED
THUR
FRI
2. Design a systematic daily plan for your software, given the time allotment of 1 week.
MON
TUE
WED
THUR
FRIDAY
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Back up files
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: Computer Hardware Servicing NCII : Maintain Computer System and Networks : Maintaining of Computer System and Networks : Maintain Computer System and Networks
1. Appropriate personal protective equipment conform to standard procedures. 2. Confirmation of computer normal function conforms to correct operation and safety. 3. Periodic maintenance of equipment is performed following manufacturers requirements. 4. Established procedures are followed in case of repair and parts replacements. 5. Accidental events or conditions are responded to in accordance with the established standards. Resources: Equipment/Facilities
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Server Computer peripherals Desktop computers OHS guidelines Phil. Environmental protection standards Monitors Motherboard Power supply Network device and cablings Hubs Switches LAN Cards Printers and Scanners Routers USB Flash Drives
Protective eye wear Wire stripper with cutter Pliers(Assorted) Screw drivers (Assorted) Soldering iron/gun De-soldering tool Flashlight Tweezers Mirrors Antistatic wrist wrap LAN Tester Crimping tool Software installer Work bench Magnifying glass
Reference: 1. McLaughlin,Robert, Sasser,Susan, Ralston,Mary.Fix Your Own PC.Philippine Graphic Arts, Inc Tandang Sora St.Caloocan City 2. Meralco Faoundation. Microcomputer Servicing Plus. Pasig City, Philippines. 3. Legaspi,Carlos, Caia, Mark Anthony. Operate A Personal Computer. Dasmarias Computer Learning Center.Dasmarias,Cavite, Philippines 4. Bigelow,Stephen J. PC Technicians Troubleshooting ,McGaw Hill 5. www.helpwithpcs.com 6. http://en.wikipedia.org 7. www.techsoup.org 8. www.howstuffworks.com 9. www.microsoft.com/technet/network
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Personal Protective Equipment There are tools and equipments used to protect the user and the computer system. Types of personal protective devices 1. Anti-static devices 2. Power surge protectors 3. Personal equipments
ESD (Electro Static Discharge) -A small amount of static electricity that can destroy small parts of your computer.
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Anti-static devices -Devices designed to protect the computer from static electricity. Examples: 1. Anti-static wrist strap 2. Anti-static mat 3. Anti-static bag 4. Anti-static spray
Power surge protectors -Devices designed to protect the computer from sudden power serges from intermittent power sources. Examples: 1. AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulators) 2. UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply)
Personal Equipments 1. Small paint brush 2. Screw drivers 3. Pliers and tweezers 4. Compressed air 5. Handheld vacuum
Update virus and spyware definitions Do incremental backup back up updated files for each date. Reboot upon crash- Reboot the computer to fix your pc upon crash.
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Weekly Full virus and spyware scan Complete backup of files Patch up Get latest software update for your operating system.
Monthly Yearly Check your programs clean up unused programs Reformat your hard drive and reinstall the operating system Make a full diagnostic check on hardware and software Clean your PC inside and out. Defrag- defrag your hard drive to speed up its operation.
Recommended Frequency
Auto?
Daily
Yes
Daily
Yes
Back up data
Daily
No
Weekly
No
Monthly
Yes
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Weekly
Yes
Clean mouse
Monthly
No
Check for full hard disk volumes and remove unnecessary files
Monthly
No
Monthly
Sometimes
Check power protection devices to ensure they are still protecting the system
Quarterly
No
Check power supply fan for ventilation and dirt buildup and clean if necessary
Quarterly
No
Quarterly
No
Quarterly
No
No
Check processor temperature, inspect heat sink and fan to ensure they are working
No
No
Annually
No
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Annually
No
Annually
No
Annually
No
Clean keyboard
Annually
No
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Viruses are coded by malicious programmers in a way that they can spread in the system without one's permission and knowledge.
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Different Aspects of Computer Virus Finder- searches for the new uninfected files and the Replicator- actually targets these files and infects it by multiplying itself. How doVirus Affects a System?
It corrupts files It slows down the speed of the computer system It causes the system to hang frequently It deletes various files
Sources of Virus Infection A virus can enter the system and infect it through various sources. Some of the sources are
Infected CDs, DVDs, pen drives, etc E-mail Browsing infected sites Downloading files from the internet
Steps to Remove Viruses Removing viruses, though technical, is yet a very simple process if all the required steps are properly followed. The basic steps are:
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Update antivirus software with the latest virus definitions Do a complete system scan
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Methods of Eliminating Viruses Removing the virus When the virus can be easily identified and can be removed without affecting other files, then the antivirus removes it from the host place. Quarantine This is done when the virus cannot be easily identified removed from the file and the removal of virus means the removal of the complete file. In this method, although the virus is not eliminated, it is rendered inactive by moving the file into "quarantine" and renaming it. Types of viruses and Examples Boot viruses: These viruses infect floppy disk boot records or master boot records in hard disks. They replace the boot record program (which is responsible for loading the operating system in memory) copying it elsewhere on the disk or overwriting it. Boot viruses load into memory if the computer tries to read the disk while it is booting.
Examples: Form, Disk Killer, Michelangelo, and Stone virus Program viruses: These infect executable program files, such as those with extensions like .BIN, .COM, .EXE, .OVL, .DRV (driver) and .SYS (device driver). These programs are loaded in memory during execution, taking the virus with them. The virus becomes active in memory, making copies of itself and infecting files on disk.
Examples: Sunday, Cascade Multipartite viruses: A hybrid of Boot and Program viruses. They infect program files and when the infected program is executed, these viruses infect the boot record. Examples: Invader, Flip, and Tequila Stealth viruses: These viruses use certain techniques to avoid detection. They may either redirect the disk head to read another sector instead of the one in which they reside or they may alter the reading of the infected files size shown in the directory listing. size given in the directory.
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Polymorphic viruses: A virus that can encrypt its code in different ways so that it appears differently in each infection. These viruses are more difficult to detect. Examples: Involuntary, Stimulate, Cascade, Phoenix, Evil, Proud, Virus 101 Macro Viruses: A macro virus is a new type of computer virus that infects the macros within a document or template. When you open a word processing or spreadsheet document, the macro virus is activated and it infects the Normal template. Examples: DMV, Nuclear, Word Concept. Antivirus Software Software designed to cure virus infected machines. An antivirus is a program that searches for, identifies and removes potential viruses existing in the computer system Examples of Anti-virus software
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Equipment System unit Monitor Keyboard and Mouse Materials Anti-virus Software (AVG anti-virus)
Virus removal Provided with the necessary equipment and materials troubleshoot the virus infected area. You will be assessed using the following criteria Evaluation: CRITERIA 1.Periodic maintenance is observed 2. Observance of safety precautions. 3. Appropriate materials are used virus removal. 4. Confirmation of computers normal function .
100%
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: Computer Hardware Servicing NCII : Maintain Computer System and Networks : Maintaining of Computer System and Networks : Inspecting and testing computer system and networks
Assessment Criteria:
1. Final inspection of the device is instituted to ensure task perfection. 2. Computer system is validated to ensure 100% operation. 3. Laboratory management and maintenance conforms to company atmosphere. 4. Accomplishment report is delivered to concerned teacher after finishing the task. Resources: Equipment/Facilities
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Server Computer peripherals Desktop computers OHS guidelines Phil. Environmental protection standards Monitors Motherboard Power supply Network device and cablings Hubs Switches LAN Cards Printers and Scanners Routers USB Flash Drives
Protective eye wear Wire stripper with cutter Pliers(Assorted) Screw drivers (Assorted) Soldering iron/gun De-soldering tool Flashlight Tweezers Mirrors Antistatic wrist wrap LAN Tester Crimping tool Software installer Work bench Magnifying glass Allen key .05-.25 IC insertion/extraction tool RS-232 pin insertion/ extraction tool
Reference: 1. McLaughlin,Robert, Sasser,Susan, Ralston,Mary.Fix Your Own PC.Philippine Graphic Arts, Inc Tandang Sora St.Caloocan City 2. Meralco Faoundation. Microcomputer Servicing Plus. Pasig City, Philippines. 3. Legaspi,Carlos, Caia, Mark Anthony. Operate A Personal Computer. Dasmarias Computer Learning Center.Dasmarias,Cavite, Philippines 4. Bigelow,Stephen J. PC Technicians Troubleshooting ,McGaw Hill 5. www.helpwithpcs.com 6. http://en.wikipedia.org 7. www.techsoup.org 8. www.howstuffworks.com 9. www.microsoft.com/technet/network
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Computer System and Network Inspection Materials, Tools and Equipment Equipment: Computer unit Printer
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HUB MODEM/Router Table Materials: Windows XP CD installer (original software) Hardware Inspection Given the following tools, materials and equipment, perform hardware inspection. You will be assessed using the following criteria Evaluation: CRITERIA 1. Sequence of steps. 2. Observance safety precautions. 3. Proper inspection of hardware components. 4. Proper inspection of the printer.
100%
Network and Internet Inspection Given the following tools, materials and equipment, perform Network and Internet inspection. You will be assessed using the following criteria Evaluation: CRITERIA
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Rating
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1. Sequence of steps. 2. Observance of safety precautions. 3. Proper inspection of network components. 4. Proper inspection of network connection.
100%
Operating System Inspection Given the following tools, materials and equipment, perform Operating System inspection You will be assessed using the following criteria Evaluation: CRITERIA 1. Sequence of steps. 2. Observance of safety precautions. 3. Proper inspection of operating system. 4. Proper inspection of operating system updates. RATING 20% 20% 30% 30%
100%
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1. Personal protective devices-The tools and equipments used to protect the user and the computer system 2. Anti-static devices Anti-static wrist strap Anti-static mat Anti-static bag Anti-static spray
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