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FOUNDATION ANALYSIS (EN1997-1:2004)

In accordance with EN1997-1:2004 incorporating Corrigendum dated February 2009 and the UK National Annex
incorporating Corrigendum No.1
TEDDS calculation version 3.2.02

Pad foundation details

Length of foundation;

Lx = 2300 mm

Width of foundation;

Ly = 2300 mm

Foundation area;

A = Lx Ly = 5.290 m2

Depth of foundation;

h = 800 mm

Depth of soil over foundation;

hsoil = 0 mm

Level of water;

hwater = 800 mm

Density of water;

water = 9.8 kN/m3

Density of concrete;

conc = 24.0 kN/m3

328.9 kN/m 2

328.9 kN/m 2

x
328.9 kN/m 2

328.9 kN/m 2

Column no.1 details

Length of column;

lx1 = 300 mm

Width of column;

ly1 = 300 mm

position in x-axis;

x1 = 1150 mm

position in y-axis;

y1 = 1150 mm

Soil properties
Density of soil;

soil = 22.0 kN/m3

Characteristic cohesion;

c'k = 0 kN/m2

Characteristic effective shear resistance angle;

'k = 35 deg

Characteristic friction angle;

k = 35 deg

Foundation loads
Self weight;

Fswt = h (conc - water) = 11.4 kN/m2

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Column no.1 loads

Permanent load in z;

FGz1 = 900.0 kN

Variable load in z;

FQz1 = 600.0 kN

Partial factors on actions - Combination1

Permanent unfavourable action - Table A.3;

G = 1.35

Permanent favourable action - Table A.3;

Gf = 1.00

Variable unfavourable action - Table A.3;

Q = 1.50

Variable favourable action - Table A.3;

Qf = 0.00

Partial factors for soil parameters - Combination1

Angle of shearing resistance - Table A.4;

' = 1.00

Effective cohesion - Table A.4;

c' = 1.00

Weight density - Table A.4;

= 1.00

Partial factors for spread foundations - Combination1

Bearing - Table A.5;

R.v = 1.00

Sliding - Table A.5;

R.h = 1.00

Bearing resistance (Section 6.5.2)

Forces on foundation
Force in z-axis;

Fdz = G (A Fswt + FGz1) + Q FQz1 = 2196.1 kN

Moments on foundation
Moment in x-axis;

Mdx = G (A Fswt Lx / 2 + FGz1 x1) + Q FQz1 x1 = 2525.5 kNm

Moment in y-axis;

Mdy = G (A Fswt Ly / 2 + FGz1 y1) + Q FQz1 y1 = 2525.5 kNm

Eccentricity of base reaction

Eccentricity of base reaction in x-axis;

ex = Mdx / Fdz - Lx / 2 = 0 mm

Eccentricity of base reaction in y-axis;

ey = Mdy / Fdz - Ly / 2 = 0 mm

Effective area of base

Effective length;

L'x = Lx - 2 ex = 2300 mm

Effective width;

L'y = Ly - 2 ey = 2300 mm

Effective area;

A' = L'x L'y = 5.290 m2

Pad base pressure

Design base pressure;

fdz = Fdz / A' = 415.1 kN/m2

Net ultimate bearing capacity under drained conditions (Annex D.4)

Design angle of shearing resistance;

'd = atan(tan('k) / ') = 35.000 deg

Design effective cohesion;

c'd = c'k / c' = 0.000 kN/m2

Effective overburden pressure;

q = (h + hsoil) soil - hwater water = 9.752 kN/m2

Design effective overburden pressure;

q' = q / = 9.752 kN/m2

Bearing resistance factors;

Nq = Exp( tan('d)) (tan(45 deg + 'd / 2))2 = 33.296

Nc = (Nq - 1) cot('d) = 46.124
N = 2 (Nq - 1) tan('d) = 45.228

Foundation shape factors;

sq = 1 + (L'y / L'x) sin('d) = 1.574

s = 1 - 0.3 (L'y / L'x) = 0.700
sc = (sq Nq - 1) / (Nq - 1) = 1.591

Load inclination factors;

H = 0.0 kN
my = [2 + (L'y / L'x)] / [1 + (L'y / L'x)] = 1.500

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mx = [2 + (L'x / L'y)] / [1 + (L'x / L'y)] = 1.500
m = mx = 1.500
iq = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m = 1.000
i = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m + 1 = 1.000
ic = iq - (1 - iq) / (Nc tan('d)) = 1.000

Net ultimate bearing capacity;

nf = c'd Nc sc ic + q' Nq sq iq + 0.5 (soil - water) L'y N s

i = 954.8 kN/m2
PASS - Net ultimate bearing capacity exceeds design base pressure

Partial factors on actions - Combination2

Permanent unfavourable action - Table A.3;

G = 1.00

Permanent favourable action - Table A.3;

Gf = 1.00

Variable unfavourable action - Table A.3;

Q = 1.30

Variable favourable action - Table A.3;

Qf = 0.00

Partial factors for soil parameters - Combination2

Angle of shearing resistance - Table A.4;

' = 1.25

Effective cohesion - Table A.4;

c' = 1.25

Weight density - Table A.4;

= 1.00

Partial factors for spread foundations - Combination2

Bearing - Table A.5;

R.v = 1.00

Sliding - Table A.5;

R.h = 1.00

Bearing resistance (Section 6.5.2)

Forces on foundation
Force in z-axis;

Fdz = G (A Fswt + FGz1) + Q FQz1 = 1740.1 kN

Moments on foundation
Moment in x-axis;

Mdx = G (A Fswt Lx / 2 + FGz1 x1) + Q FQz1 x1 = 2001.1 kNm

Moment in y-axis;

Mdy = G (A Fswt Ly / 2 + FGz1 y1) + Q FQz1 y1 = 2001.1 kNm

Eccentricity of base reaction

Eccentricity of base reaction in x-axis;

ex = Mdx / Fdz - Lx / 2 = 0 mm

Eccentricity of base reaction in y-axis;

ey = Mdy / Fdz - Ly / 2 = 0 mm

Effective area of base

Effective length;

L'x = Lx - 2 ex = 2300 mm

Effective width;

L'y = Ly - 2 ey = 2300 mm

Effective area;

A' = L'x L'y = 5.290 m2

Pad base pressure

Design base pressure;

fdz = Fdz / A' = 328.9 kN/m2

Net ultimate bearing capacity under drained conditions (Annex D.4)

Design angle of shearing resistance;

'd = atan(tan('k) / ') = 29.256 deg

Design effective cohesion;

c'd = c'k / c' = 0.000 kN/m2

Effective overburden pressure;

q = (h + hsoil) soil - hwater water = 9.752 kN/m2

Design effective overburden pressure;

q' = q / = 9.752 kN/m2

Bearing resistance factors;

Nq = Exp( tan('d)) (tan(45 deg + 'd / 2))2 = 16.921

Nc = (Nq - 1) cot('d) = 28.422
N = 2 (Nq - 1) tan('d) = 17.837

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Foundation shape factors;

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sq = 1 + (L'y / L'x) sin('d) = 1.489
s = 1 - 0.3 (L'y / L'x) = 0.700
sc = (sq Nq - 1) / (Nq - 1) = 1.519

Load inclination factors;

H = 0.0 kN
my = [2 + (L'y / L'x)] / [1 + (L'y / L'x)] = 1.500
mx = [2 + (L'x / L'y)] / [1 + (L'x / L'y)] = 1.500
m = mx = 1.500
iq = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m = 1.000
i = [1 - H / (Fdz + A' c'd cot('d))]m + 1 = 1.000
ic = iq - (1 - iq) / (Nc tan('d)) = 1.000

Net ultimate bearing capacity;

nf = c'd Nc sc ic + q' Nq sq iq + 0.5 (soil - water) L'y N s

i = 420.7 kN/m2
PASS - Net ultimate bearing capacity exceeds design base pressure

FOUNDATION DESIGN (EN1992-1-1:2004)

In accordance with EN1992-1-1:2004 incorporating Corrigendum dated January 2008 and the UK National Annex
incorporating National Amendment No.1
TEDDS calculation version 3.2.02

Concrete details (Table 3.1 - Strength and deformation characteristics for concrete)
Concrete strength class;
C28/35
Characteristic compressive cylinder strength;

fck = 28 N/mm2

Characteristic compressive cube strength;

fck,cube = 35 N/mm2

Mean value of compressive cylinder strength;

fcm = fck + 8 N/mm2 = 36 N/mm2

Mean value of axial tensile strength;

fctm = 0.3 N/mm2 (fck/ 1 N/mm2)2/3 = 2.8 N/mm2

5% fractile of axial tensile strength;

fctk,0.05 = 0.7 fctm = 1.9 N/mm2

Secant modulus of elasticity of concrete;

Ecm = 22 kN/mm2 [fcm/10 N/mm2]0.3 = 32308 N/mm2

Partial factor for concrete (Table 2.1N);

C = 1.50

Compressive strength coefficient (cl.3.1.6(1));

cc = 0.85

Design compressive concrete strength (exp.3.15);

fcd = cc fck / C = 15.9 N/mm2

Tens.strength coeff.for plain concrete (cl.12.3.1(1)); ct,pl = 0.80

Des.tens.strength for plain concrete (exp.12.1);

fctd,pl = ct,pl fctk,0.05 / C = 1.0 N/mm2

Maximum aggregate size;

hagg = 20 mm

Reinforcement details
Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement;

fyk = 460 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement;

Es = 210000 N/mm2

Partial factor for reinforcing steel (Table 2.1N);

S = 1.15

Design yield strength of reinforcement;

fyd = fyk / S = 400 N/mm2

Nominal cover to reinforcement;

cnom = 30 mm

Rectangular section in flexure (Section 6.1)

Design bending moment;

MEd.x.max = 459.8 kNm

Depth to tension reinforcement;

d = h - cnom - x.bot / 2 = 760 mm

K = MEd.x.max / (Ly d2 fck) = 0.012
K' = 0.207
K' > K - No compression reinforcement is required

Lever arm;

z = min((d / 2) [1 + (1 - 3.53 K)0.5], 0.95 d) = 722 mm

Depth of neutral axis;

x = 2.5 (d - z) = 95 mm

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Area of tension reinforcement required;

Asx.bot.req = MEd.x.max / (fyd z) = 1592 mm2

Tension reinforcement provided;

10 No.20 dia.bars bottom (250 c/c)

Area of tension reinforcement provided;

Asx.bot.prov = 3142 mm2

Minimum area of reinforcement (exp.9.1N);

As.min = max(0.26 fctm / fyk, 0.0013) Ly d = 2733 mm2

Maximum area of reinforcement (cl.9.2.1.1(3));

As.max = 0.04 Ly d = 69920 mm2

PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

Crack control (Section 7.3)
Limiting crack width;

wmax = 0.3 mm

Variable load factor (EN1990 Table A1.1);

2 = 0.3

Serviceability bending moment;

Msls.x.max = 234.8 kNm

Tensile stress in reinforcement;

s = Msls.x.max / (Asx.bot.prov z) = 103.5 N/mm2

Load duration factor;

kt = 0.4

Effective depth of concrete in tension;

hc.ef = min(2.5 (h - d), (h - x) / 3, h / 2) = 100 mm

Effective area of concrete in tension;

Ac.eff = hc.ef Ly = 230000 mm2

Mean value of concrete tensile strength;

fct.eff = fctm = 2.8 N/mm2

Reinforcement ratio;

p.eff = Asx.bot.prov / Ac.eff = 0.014

Modular ratio;

e = Es / Ecm = 6.5

Bond property coefficient;

k1 = 0.8

Strain distribution coefficient;

k2 = 0.5
k3 = 3.4
k4 = 0.425

Maximum crack spacing (exp.7.11);

sr.max = k3 cnom + k1 k2 k4 x.bot / p.eff = 351 mm

Maximum crack width (exp.7.8);

wk = sr.max max([s kt (fct.eff / p.eff) (1 + e p.eff)] / Es,

0.6 s / Es) = 0.104 mm

PASS - Maximum crack width is less than limiting crack widthRectangular section in shear (Section 6.2)
Design shear force;

VEd.x.max = 234.5 kN
CRd,c = 0.18 / C = 0.120
k = min(1 + (200 mm / d), 2) = 1.513

Longitudinal reinforcement ratio;

l = min(Asx.bot.prov / (Ly d), 0.02) = 0.002

vmin = 0.035 N1/2/mm k3/2 fck0.5 = 0.345 N/mm2

Design shear resistance (exp.6.2a & 6.2b);

VRd.c = max(CRd.c k (100 N2/mm4 l fck)1/3, vmin) Ly d

VRd.c = 602.5 kN
PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Rectangular section in flexure (Section 6.1)

Design bending moment;

MEd.y.max = 459.8 kNm

Depth to tension reinforcement;

d = h - cnom - x.bot - y.bot / 2 = 740 mm

K = MEd.y.max / (Lx d2 fck) = 0.013
K' = 0.207
K' > K - No compression reinforcement is required

Lever arm;

z = min((d / 2) [1 + (1 - 3.53 K)0.5], 0.95 d) = 703 mm

Depth of neutral axis;

x = 2.5 (d - z) = 93 mm

Area of tension reinforcement required;

Asy.bot.req = MEd.y.max / (fyd z) = 1635 mm2

Tension reinforcement provided;

10 No.20 dia.bars bottom (250 c/c)

Area of tension reinforcement provided;

Asy.bot.prov = 3142 mm2

Minimum area of reinforcement (exp.9.1N);

As.min = max(0.26 fctm / fyk, 0.0013) Lx d = 2661 mm2

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Maximum area of reinforcement (cl.9.2.1.1(3));

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As.max = 0.04 Lx d = 68080 mm2

PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

Crack control (Section 7.3)
Limiting crack width;

wmax = 0.3 mm

Variable load factor (EN1990 Table A1.1);

2 = 0.3

Serviceability bending moment;

Msls.y.max = 234.8 kNm

Tensile stress in reinforcement;

s = Msls.y.max / (Asy.bot.prov z) = 106.3 N/mm2

Load duration factor;

kt = 0.4

Effective depth of concrete in tension;

hc.ef = min(2.5 (h - d), (h - x) / 3, h / 2) = 150 mm

Effective area of concrete in tension;

Ac.eff = hc.ef Lx = 345000 mm2

Mean value of concrete tensile strength;

fct.eff = fctm = 2.8 N/mm2

Reinforcement ratio;

p.eff = Asy.bot.prov / Ac.eff = 0.009

Modular ratio;

e = Es / Ecm = 6.5

Bond property coefficient;

k1 = 0.8

Strain distribution coefficient;

k2 = 0.5
k3 = 3.4
k4 = 0.425

Maximum crack spacing (exp.7.11);

sr.max = k3 (cnom + x.bot) + k1 k2 k4 y.bot / p.eff = 543 mm

Maximum crack width (exp.7.8);

wk = sr.max max([s kt (fct.eff / p.eff) (1 + e p.eff)] / Es,

0.6 s / Es) = 0.165 mm

PASS - Maximum crack width is less than limiting crack widthRectangular section in shear (Section 6.2)
Design shear force;

VEd.y.max = 234.5 kN
CRd,c = 0.18 / C = 0.120
k = min(1 + (200 mm / d), 2) = 1.520

Longitudinal reinforcement ratio;

l = min(Asy.bot.prov / (Lx d), 0.02) = 0.002

vmin = 0.035 N1/2/mm k3/2 fck0.5 = 0.347 N/mm2

Design shear resistance (exp.6.2a & 6.2b);

VRd.c = max(CRd.c k (100 N2/mm4 l fck)1/3, vmin) Lx d

VRd.c = 590.6 kN
PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Punching shear (Section 6.4)

Strength reduction factor (exp 6.6N);

v = 0.6 [1 - fck / 250 N/mm2] = 0.533

Average depth to reinforcement;

d = 750 mm

Maximum punching shear resistance (cl.6.4.5(3));

vRd.max = 0.5 v fcd = 4.227 N/mm2

k = min(1 + (200 mm / d), 2) = 1.516

Longitudinal reinforcement ratio (cl.6.4.4(1));

lx = Asx.bot.prov / (Ly d) = 0.002

ly = Asy.bot.prov / (Lx d) = 0.002
l = min((lx ly), 0.02) = 0.002
vmin = 0.035 N1/2/mm k3/2 fck0.5 = 0.346 N/mm2

Design punching shear resistance (exp.6.47);

vRd.c = max(CRd.c k (100 N2/mm4 l fck)1/3, vmin) = 0.346 N/mm2

Column No.1 - Punching shear perimeter at column face

Punching shear perimeter;

u0 = 1200 mm

Area within punching shear perimeter;

A0 = 0.090 m2

Maximum punching shear force;

VEd.max = 2079 kN

Punching shear stress factor (fig 6.21N);

= 1.000

Maximum punching shear stress (exp 6.38);

vEd.max = VEd.max / (u0 d) = 2.310 N/mm2

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PASS - Maximum punching shear resistance exceeds maximum punching shear stress

10 No.20 dia.bars bottom (250 c/c)

10 No.20 dia.bars bottom (250 c/c)