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Quadratic Graphs Exercise

This document provides examples and exercises for sketching and modeling parabolas, including: 1) Identifying the turning points and classifying parabolas as having a maximum or minimum based on their equations. 2) Determining the effect of transformations on parabolas. 3) Matching parabola equations to graphs. 4) Finding properties of parabolas such as intercepts. 5) Modeling a water feature as a series of parabolas representing the path of water jets.

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iskenderbey
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118 views

Quadratic Graphs Exercise

This document provides examples and exercises for sketching and modeling parabolas, including: 1) Identifying the turning points and classifying parabolas as having a maximum or minimum based on their equations. 2) Determining the effect of transformations on parabolas. 3) Matching parabola equations to graphs. 4) Finding properties of parabolas such as intercepts. 5) Modeling a water feature as a series of parabolas representing the path of water jets.

Uploaded by

iskenderbey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Maths Quest 10/ Final Pages / 18/1/06

5_61_03274_MQV10 - 05_tb Page 172 Wednesday, January 18, 2006 8:53 AM

172

Maths Quest 10 for Victoria

5C

Sketching parabolas in
turning point form

1 For each of the following equations, state the coordinates of the turning point of the
graph and whether it is a maximum or a minimum.
8
a y = (x 1)2 + 2
b y = (x + 2)2 1
c y = (x + 1)2 + 1
2
2
d y = (x 2) + 3
e y = (x 5) + 3
f y = (x + 2)2 6
2
2
g y = (x 2) + 8
h y = (x 3) 2
i y = (x + 8)2 + 2
2
2
j y = (x + 1--- ) 3--k y = (x 1--- ) + 2--l y = (x + 0.3)2 0.4
2
4
3
3
m y = (x 1.6)2 + 2.7
n y = (x + 2)2 + 5
o y = (x 7)2 + 2

WORKED

Example

2 For each of the following state:


i the coordinates of the turning point
ii whether the graph has a maximum or a minimum turning point
iii whether the graph is wider, narrower or the same width as that of y = x2.
a y = 2(x + 3)2 5
b y = (x 1)2 + 1
c y = 5(x + 2)2 4
2
2
1
1
d y = --- (x 3) + 2
e y = --- (x + 1) + 7
f y = 0.2(x + 1--- )2
4

3 Select the equation that best suits each of the following graphs.
A
B
C
y
y

1
--2

3
1
0

1 0

3
0 1
x

0
1

a y = (x 1)2 3
d y = (x + 2)2 + 3

b y = (x 2)2 + 3
e y = x2 + 1

c
f

y = x2 1
y = (x + 1)2 3

4 multiple choice
a The translations required to change y = x2 into y = (x --1- )2 +
2

A right --1- , up
2

D left 1--- , up
2

1
--3

B left --1- , down


2

1
--3

E right 1--- , up
3

1
--3

A none
C to make the graph wider
E to translate the graph up a

are:

C right --1- , down


2

1
--2

b For the graph 1--- (x 1--- )2 + 1--- , the effect of the


4

1
--3

1
--4

on the graph is:

B to make the graph narrower


D to invert the graph
1
--4

of a unit

1
--3

Maths Quest 10/ Final Pages / 18/1/06

5_61_03274_MQV10 - 05_tb Page 173 Wednesday, January 18, 2006 8:53 AM

Chapter 5 Quadratic graphs

173

c Compared to the graph of y = x2, y = 2(x + 1)2 4 is:


A inverted and wider
B inverted and narrower
C upright and wider
D upright and narrower
E inverted and the same width
d A graph with minimum turning point (1, 5) and which is narrower than the graph of
y = x2 is:
B y = --1- (x + 1)2 + 5
A y = (x 1)2 + 5
C y = 2(x 1)2 + 5
2

D y = 2(x + 1) + 5
2

E y = 1--- (x 1)2 + 5
2

e Compared to the graph of y = x2, the graph of y = 3(x 1)2 2 has the following
features.
A Maximum TP at (1, 2), narrower
B Maximum TP at (1, 2), narrower
C Maximum TP at (1, 2), wider
D Minimum TP at (1, 2), narrower
E Minimum TP at (1, 2), wider

sheet

L Spre
XCE ad

5 Determine i the y-intercept and ii the x-intercepts (where they exist) for the parabolas
Example
Solving
with equations:
9
a(x b)2 + c = 0
a y = (x + 1)2 4
b y = 3(x 2)2
c y = (x + 4)2 2
d y = (x 2)2 9
e y = 2x2 + 4
f y = (x + 3)2 5
WORKED

6 For each of the following:


i Write the coordinates of the turning point.
10
ii State whether the graph has a maximum or a minimum turning point.
L Spre
XCE ad
iii State whether the graph is wider, narrower or the same width as the graph of y = x2.
iv Find the y-intercept.
Parabolas
v Find the x-intercepts.
of the form
y = a(x b)2 + c
vi Sketch the graph.
2
2
2
a y = (x 4) + 2
b y = (x 3) 4
c y = (x + 1) + 2
d y = (x + 2)2 + 3
e y = (x + 5)2 3
f y = (x + 1)2 + 1
2
2
g y = (x 1) + 2
h y = (x + 2) 3
i y = (x + 3)2 2
2
2
j y = 2(x 1) + 3
k y = 3(x + 2) + 1

WORKED

Math
cad

7 The price of shares in fledgling company Lollies r us plunged dramatically one afternoon, following the breakout of a small fire on the premises. However, Ms Sarah Sayva Parabolas
of Lollies Anonymous agreed to back the company, and share prices began to rise. of the form
y = a(x b)2 + c
Sarah noted at the close of trade that
afternoon that the companys share price
followed the curve: P = 0.1(t 3)2 + 1
where $P is the price of shares t hours
after 12 noon.
a What was the initial share price?
b What was the lowest price of shares
that afternoon?
c At what time was the price at its
lowest?
d What was the final price of Lollies r
us shares as trade closed at 5 pm?
e Sketch a graph of the relationship
between time and share price to represent the situation.

sheet

Example

5_61_03274_MQV10 - 05_tb Page 174 Wednesday, January 18, 2006 8:53 AM

174

Maths Quest 10/ Final Pages / 18/1/06

Maths Quest 10 for Victoria

DESIGN

Designing your own water feature

Have you noticed that a jet or stream of water follows the path of a parabola? We
can model the path of a water drop in a thin water stream by finding a quadratic
equation of the form y = a(x b)2 + c which matches it.

Consider a thin stream of water rising from an outlet at the surface of a pool that
reaches a maximum height of 20 m before hitting the surface of the pool again 4 m
away.
1 Draw a sketch of the path of a water drop in this stream of water. Assume that
the surface of the pool lies along the x-axis and that the path of the water drop
starts from the origin (0, 0).
2 Explain what x and y represent in this situation.
3 What are the coordinates of the turning point of your parabola? Explain what
this point represents.
4 Using the turning point form for a parabola, y = a(x b)2 + c, substitute values
for b and c.
5 Use another piece of information from your sketch to find the value for a.
6 Write the quadratic equation you have found which represents the path of the
water drop.
7 Now it is your turn to be creative. Imagine three water outlets clustered together
in a single row, with water rising out at a different angle from each to form a
spectacular water feature. (Assume they all start from the origin of a Cartesian
plane.) Use the steps shown above to design your own water feature. Provide
sketch graphs and accompanying quadratic equations to model each stream in
your water feature.
8 Challenge: Try to design a water feature where the streams dont start from the
one point. Include all your calculations, equations and sketch graphs. (Keep
your streams rising and falling in the one vertical plane. Why is this?)

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