Addressing Challenges in Bihar: Flow of Presentation
Addressing Challenges in Bihar: Flow of Presentation
Addressing Challenges in Flow of presentation
Bihar
• Enabling environment in Bihar
• Challenges
Dr.P.Padmanaban
National Health Systems Resource • Few Initiatives in Bihar
Centre
• Family Medicine programme
Enabling environment Current Challenges
• NRHM support • Shortage of nursing personnel, doctors and
specialists
• Strong Political Will
• Operationlising the health institutions – FRUs and
• Recruitment of additional ANMs, Nurses, Doctors Additional PHCs (to increase the birthing facilities –
para medical model)
para medical model)
• Management structure strengthened at block, district and
state level
• Family Welfare – dependence more on campaign /
fixed days approach
• High level of motivation among health functionaries and
managers
• Quality of services
• Use of appropriate technology • VHSC formation and utilization of untied funds
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Access to services
• Free lab and radiology services to all those seeking Access to quality care contd;
care in PHCs, Referral hospitals and District
hospitals • Community participation ( VHSCs) in the
Health Sub centre construction
• Infrastructure strengthening
• Mobile medical team with modern
bil di l ih d
• TNMSC like organisation is being formed shortly to equipments
procure quality drugs
• Increase in the availability of essential drugs • 24 x7 Ambulance services
• New born care equipments for the health facilities
District Health Action Plan Supportive supervision
• After first round of Fast Track training programme , Issues
| Existing inspection mode do not cover all facilities
38 District Health Action Plans prepared with
| Mostly easily accessible and better performing facilities are often
inhouse capacity. Second round of training is in visited
progress. | No systematic inspection system/ standard tool
| No feedback mechanism
| No monitoring or follow up at state level
• Sensitisation of district and block level functionaries
As a result;
| Issues do not get highlighted
• Timely release of funds & financial guidelines | No follow up
| Quality component missing
• Improvement in the utilization of RKS funds to | Poor spending of RKS funds
upgrade patient amenities
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Supportive supervision implementation
Supportive Supervision implementation
G O issued for supportive supervision
• All inspection reports to reach the SQAO in 3 days time
• State Quality Assurance Cell formed
• Preannounced (District) and surprise inspections (State) –
• SQAO gives monthly report to Executive Director, SHSB
annual plan prepared
• Feedback meetings under the chairmanship of Director in
• Inspection tool prepared and sensitisation meetings held for
chief of Health Services once in 3 months
chief of Health Services once in 3 months
the programme officers
• Linked to district ranking
• Qualitative information also collected in addition to
performance • 324 facilities inspected out of 460 facilities providing IP care
within 4 months by all programme officers
• Joint scoring system followed
• State level continuous monitoring – by way of dashboard
• Deficiencies noted during inspection are grouped into ‐
indicators ( under preparation)
deficiencies to be sorted out at the facility / district / state
level with timeline
Infrastructure
Supportive Supervision I. Infrastructure
Inspection Format
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Infrastructure contd; Infrastructure contd;
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Equipments & Supplies Contd;
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Qualitative response
Assessment by the Inspecting officer
– Condition of drainage system
– General condition of toilets, whether separate toilet facilities
are available for staff and OP/IP ( M/F) patients
– Whether RKS funds have been used effectively to make
y
improvements in patients amenities
– Whether there is ante room for OT, whether door closes
automatically, condition of windows etc.
– Whether service guarantee and protocols are displayed properly
at all places , use of protocols and whether services displayed
are actually available
– Whether monthly meetings are conducted with ASHA
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Performance appraisal of SPMU/DPMU/BPMU
E governance • Appraisal format ‐ identification of targets mutually by the employee and
supervisor
• Biometric system in selected institutions
• Computerized OP registration in selected • The employee and supervisor can finalize any number of indicators they like for
the assessment
institutions
• Online transmission of data • Objectively verifiable indicators developed
• Block level computerization with facilities for
• Supervisors will ensure necessary information is generated and gathered from the
online transmission of data data source
• PIP based work allocation – done
• Streamlining of ASHA payment system
under progress • Incentives / contract renewal linked for staff
• Regular employees evaluation same – linked with ACR
Performance indicators for District Ranking Maternal Death Audit System (proposed)
( proposed) • Notification of all deaths in the reproductive age group by ASHA
to the PHC MO and verification of maternal deaths
Performance indicators –
1. % of planned versus immunizations held , • Investigation about the causes, various delays and contributory
2. Deliveries conducted per SBA , factors for maternal death ( community based audit)
3. Number of Caesarean sessions conducted per Obstetrician ,
4. Outpatients examined per doctor,
Outpatients examined per doctor,
• Investigation of maternal deaths occurred in the institution
i l di th
including the medical colleges and private sector ( Institution based
di l ll d i t t ( I tit ti b d
5. Cataract operations conducted per ophthalmologist, audit)
6. Bed occupancy rate,
7. % of health facilities (APHC/BPHC/RH/SD/District) with running water facility
(labour room / OT / Toilets), • Conduct of maternal death review by District Magistrate in
which the relatives of the deceased also participate
8. % of villages where VHSCs formed,
9. % data uploaded by District, Average number of OPD drugs available per facility in
district • Findings are used to take corrective action and for training the
• Data based on HMIS ‐ Dynamic list health functionaries
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HR‐ PG reservation for Government doctors
(proposed) Recognition of good performance
• Shortage of specialists
• Who will be recognized?
• 6 govt. + 2 pvt. Medical colleges – 164/290 seats • District Magistrates
• Civil surgeons
• Government doctors not able to make use of the seats – no • Medical officers
reservation, problems in getting the NOC. etc. • Nurses, ANMs
• Paramedical functionaries
d lf
• Non‐clinical specialists needed for the new medical • Health managers
• Account managers
colleges .
• 50% seats to be reserved for Govt. doctors
• Source of information
• Course period to be considered “on duty” • District ranking, Community feedback, inspections conducted, facilities
provided
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Developing 4 districts as models
• Jehanabad, Gaya, Vaishali and Nalanda districts Way Forward
• Develop all facilities in these districts as models • APHCs to be made functional with paramedical model
• Improve patient amenities to IPHS standards/ • One CEmONC for each district
Women friendly • VHSCs to be formed
• Capacity building of health functionaries to deliver • Use of HSC untied funds
quality health care
quality health care • Community monitoring system
Community monitoring system
• Mobile nurse trainers to give hands on training to • Use of trained anesthetists by reorientation
the nurses and ANMs on various protocols • Rational distribution of human resources
• Encourage the use of self improvement NRHM quality
• Visit to these facilities by the health functionaries
manual by the health facilities in the state by conduct of
from other districts regional workshops
• Fast tracking ASHA training programme
Increase in OP,
IP & deliveries
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Why Family Medicine? ( Resolve more and
Cost of care refer less)
In industrialized countries With the present trend, complete staffing of all FRU’s would remain a major problem
37% of the 4276 CHCs could have access to an OB/GYN
• Supply of primary care physicians was associated with lower total
The likelihood of having an OBGYN/ Anaesthetist combination would be much less.
cost of health services. Areas with higher ratios of primary care
physicians to population had lower total health care costs partly Suppose a pregnant woman also had diabetes, what are the chances of her meeting both the OBGYN
and a physician in the same FRU
because of better preventive care and lower hospitalization rates
Even if this is achieved, cases will fall between the cracks:
Psychiatry, Orthopedics, Dermatology, blood bank etc.
Further there is a need for skills in health promotion and prevention
• In contrast, supply of SPECIALISTS was associated with more
spending and poorer outcomes Having specialist who only do a fraction of the work is expensive for the health
system.
Hence the need for a multi‐competent specialist‐ the FAMILY PHYSICIAN
• Countries with weaker primary care had significantly higher costs Professional societies (FIGO) support inclusion of caesarean / obs .surgical skills in
Family Medicine
Plan for training Family Physicians Proposed strategy for producing a Family
Physician for FRU level
Approved by MOHFW for high focus states • 2 year Integrated Masters course in Family
2 year distance learning Diploma in Family Medicine‐ for Medicine and Surgery
knowledge & some skills (30 days contact sessions) • Course components
– One year distance learning (summary of the 2 year
Distance Learning Diploma in Family Medicine )
– One skill training residential in District Hospital (combines
GOI’s EmOC, LSAS, Neonatal training and a basic surgery
Approximately 80 candidates expected to join in Nov component)
2009
• Dr MGR University Chennai has agreed to
Another 40 candidates expected to join in Dec 2010
accredit the course
• Awaiting approval of MOHFW
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Family Medicine programme
• Lack of specialists in FRUs and CHCs
Thank You • Two year distance education programme by CMC vellore
• 120 serving doctors from EAG states will be trained during
fi
first phase
h
• Masters in integrated Family Medicine and Surgery ‐ MGR
University Chennai Skill based component consisting of GOI’s
Emergency Obstetric Care training, Life Saving Anaesthesia
skills
PG reservation for Government doctors contd;
• Doctors to complete 3 years of service in a BPHC
or APHC. For every completed year of service, 1
additional mark is given, to a maximum of 10
marks.
• Doctors working in notified remote / difficult
areas will get bonus marks; 2 marks will be given
for every completed years of service to a
for every completed years of service, to a
maximum of 10 marks
• Bond – PGDiploma ‐35 lakhs / PGDegree ‐ 50
lakhs
• Private doctor to compulsorily work for Govt – 3
years bond – 25 lakhs
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Required Available
Required Sanctioned In position Shortfall % shortfall
(R‐P)
3054
Ob/Gyn 4276 2125 1174 2693 63
2629
2461 Anaesthetist 4276
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• Design and implementation of integrated
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information support system for the health
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sector in Bihar
40 % Shortfall in 2007
• Phase 1‐
Phase 1 HMIS implementation plan
HMIS implementation plan
% Shortfall in 2008
30 • Phase 2 – HMIS strengthening plan
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• Data bases – HR, Finance, Infrastructure,
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Drugs, patient care, licensing systems
0
Ob/Gyn Paed Surgeon Physician Total • DHIS 2‐ web based, real time, facility wise data
-Bull Rural Health Services 2007, 08
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Community Feedback
• Objective
• To get the feed back from the community about their perception on
the quality of services in the health institutions and their expectations
• To validate the performance report thro verification in the community ‐
services – Immunisation, Antenatal, post natal care, newborn care, follow
up care for family Welfare beneficiaries
up care for family Welfare beneficiaries
• Method
Villages are selected thro 30 cluster sampling technique and quarterly
survey will be organized by independent NSS volunteers, Nursing/
medical students
• Feedback to districts and health facilities to bring about improvement
• Used for ranking the districts
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