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1csharp Program Structure

This document provides an overview of the basic structure of a C# program. It includes parts like namespaces, classes, methods, attributes, and comments. It then provides a simple "Hello World" example C# program that prints "Hello World" to the console. The example is broken down to explain the different parts of the program like the using statement, namespace, class, Main method, and statements. It also provides steps for compiling and running a C# program in Visual Studio.NET and from the command line.

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Abhisek Mohanty
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28 views2 pages

1csharp Program Structure

This document provides an overview of the basic structure of a C# program. It includes parts like namespaces, classes, methods, attributes, and comments. It then provides a simple "Hello World" example C# program that prints "Hello World" to the console. The example is broken down to explain the different parts of the program like the using statement, namespace, class, Main method, and statements. It also provides steps for compiling and running a C# program in Visual Studio.NET and from the command line.

Uploaded by

Abhisek Mohanty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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C# - PROGRAM STRUCTURE

http://www.tuto rialspo int.co m/csharp/csharp_pro g ram_structure .htm

Co pyrig ht tuto rials po int.co m

Before we study basic building blocks of the C# prog ramming lang uag e, let us look at a bare minimum C#
prog ram structure so that we can take it as a reference in upcoming chapters.

C# Hello World Example


A C# prog ram basically consists of the following parts:
Namespace declaration
A class
Class methods
Class attributes
A Main method
Statements & Expressions
Comments
Let us look at a simple code that would print the words "Hello World":
using System;
namespace HelloWorldApplication
{
class HelloWorld
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
/* my first program in C# */
Console.WriteLine("Hello World");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:
Hello World

Let us look at various parts of the above prog ram:


T he first line of the prog ram using System; - the using keyword is used to include the System
namespace in the prog ram. A prog ram g enerally has multiple using statements.
T he next line has the namespac e declaration. A namespac e is a collection of classes. T he
HelloWorldApplication namespace contains the class HelloWorld.
T he next line has a c lass declaration, the class HelloWorld contains the data and method definitions that
your prog ram uses. Classes g enerally would contain more than one method. Methods define the behavior
of the class. However, the HelloWorld class has only one method Main.
T he next line defines the Main method, which is the entry point for all C# prog rams. T he Main method
states what the class will do when executed
T he next line /*...*/ will be ig nored by the compiler and it has been put to add additional c omments in the
prog ram.
T he Main method specifies its behavior with the statement Console.WriteLine("Hello World");

WriteLine is a method of the Console class defined in the System namespace. T his statement causes the
messag e "Hello, World!" to be displayed on the screen.
T he last line Console.ReadKey(); is for the VS.NET Users. T his makes the prog ram wait for a key
press and it prevents the screen from running and closing quickly when the prog ram is launched from
Visual Studio .NET .
It's worth to note the following points:
C# is case sensitive.
All statements and expression must end with a semicolon (;).
T he prog ram execution starts at the Main method.
Unlike Java, file name could be different from the class name.

Compile & Execute a C# Prog ram:


If you are using Visual Studio.Net for compiling and executing C# prog rams, take the following steps:
Start Visual Studio.
On the menu bar, choose File, New, Project.
Choose Visual C# from templates, and then choose Windows.
Choose Console Application.
Specify a name for your project, and then choose the OK button.
T he new project appears in Solution Explorer.
Write code in the Code Editor.
Click the Run button or the F5 key to run the project. A Command Prompt window appears that contains
the line Hello World.
You can compile a C# prog ram by using the command-line instead of the Visual Studio IDE:
Open a text editor and add the above-mentioned code.
Save the file as helloworld.c s
Open the command prompt tool and g o to the directory where you saved the file.
T ype c sc helloworld.c s and press enter to compile your code.
If there are no errors in your code, the command prompt will take you to the next line and would g enerate
helloworld.exe executable file.
Next, type helloworld to execute your prog ram.
You will be able to see "Hello World" printed on the screen.

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