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Ch.5 Sect. 3 Victory and Defeat in The Greek World PERSIAN WARS (Wars Between Persian and Greek City-States) WON by The Greeks

The document summarizes two major conflicts in the Greek world - the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War. In the Persian Wars from 499-479 BC, the Greek city-states united to defeat the invading Persian forces at Marathon and in a decisive naval victory. This allowed Athens to gain power and form an alliance known as the Delian League. However, Athens' abuse of power led Sparta to form the Peloponnesian League and war broke out between the two leagues from 431-404 BC. The war was ultimately won by Sparta, weakening Athens' dominance in Greece.

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Konsuelo Ramírez
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31 views2 pages

Ch.5 Sect. 3 Victory and Defeat in The Greek World PERSIAN WARS (Wars Between Persian and Greek City-States) WON by The Greeks

The document summarizes two major conflicts in the Greek world - the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War. In the Persian Wars from 499-479 BC, the Greek city-states united to defeat the invading Persian forces at Marathon and in a decisive naval victory. This allowed Athens to gain power and form an alliance known as the Delian League. However, Athens' abuse of power led Sparta to form the Peloponnesian League and war broke out between the two leagues from 431-404 BC. The war was ultimately won by Sparta, weakening Athens' dominance in Greece.

Uploaded by

Konsuelo Ramírez
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ch.5 sect.

3 Victory and Defeat in the Greek World


PERSIAN WARS

(Wars between Persian and Greek city-states) WON by the Greeks

500 B.C. Athens was the wealthiest Greek city-state


499 B.C. Under Darius rule, Ionia a Greek city state under the control of Persia rebelled
and Athens
sent ships to help fight the Persians. Nonetheless, Persia crushed the rebellious
Greeks.
490 B.C. Under Dariusrule, Persia took action to punished Athens for interfering landed
at
Marathon, they Outnumbered the Greek, nevertheless the Greeks won.
480 B.C. Under Xerxes (Dariusson) rule, Persian came back with a vengeance. But now
Athens,
Sparta and other Greek city-states had united. Leonidas king of Sparta fought
the Persians valiantly at Thermopylae but were defeated. Persians got to Athens
and destroyed it completely. At sea Persians were defeated by the Greek warrior
ships and one year later on land, making the Greek finally victorious.
After the Persian Wars, Athens emerged a strong leader and founded the DELIAN
LEAGUE alliance with the other Greek city states to defend themselves from Persians
and other invaders. But the ambitious Athenians abused their power bullying the others
and using the funds improperly, this gave way to discontentment among the Greek city
states. Some took side with Athens others with Sparta. The resentment that emerged
because of Athenian domination forced Sparta to form the Peloponnesian League which
led to a WAR.
PELOPONNESIAN WAR (War between the Delian League (led by Athens) and
Peloponnesian League (led by Sparta)
WON by Sparta and his
followers
Government in Sparta and followers was Oligarchy
Government in Athens and followers was Democracy
It lasted 27 years, all of Greece was involved city states took sides.
REASONS (4) for Athens defeat:
Athens geographic position facilitated Spartas attack.
Pericles led all Athenians inside the city walls, causing a plague that killed even
Pericles.
Power struggles after Pericles died.
Sparta united with the Persian and ended up defeating the Athenians by 404 B.C.

PERICLES wise and skillful leader, 460 B.C to 429 B.C is known as the Age of Pericles.
Under him Athens economy flourished and government was more democratic. He
believed all male citizens no matter their wealth and social class, should be part of
government and receive payment (something never seen before). They had a DIRECT
DEMOCRACY, all participated directly in every day affairs not like today where the
representatives are the ones who participate.

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