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Engineering Drawing

The document discusses different types of fasteners used in mechanical engineering, including bolts, screws, rivets, and keys. It describes three main fastening methods - mechanical fastening, bonding, and forming. Specific threaded fasteners are then discussed in more detail, covering terminology, thread types, sizes, and sections of bolts, nuts, and washers. Metric and unified thread series are explained.

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Kimutai Kirui Alphonce
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255 views18 pages

Engineering Drawing

The document discusses different types of fasteners used in mechanical engineering, including bolts, screws, rivets, and keys. It describes three main fastening methods - mechanical fastening, bonding, and forming. Specific threaded fasteners are then discussed in more detail, covering terminology, thread types, sizes, and sections of bolts, nuts, and washers. Metric and unified thread series are explained.

Uploaded by

Kimutai Kirui Alphonce
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Engineering drawing

ECE2207/ On fasteners, bolts and


KAROKI E.K.
Rivets
KAROKI E.K.

Semester I/II
Mechanical Engineering Department
Technical University of Gdask

Lecture 10
Three methods commonly used in
fastening

 Mechanical Fastening
Bolts, screws, rivets, keys, pins
 Bonding
Welding, soldering, brazing, gluing
 Forming
Sheet metal, plastic snap parts
Fasteners

nuts,
bolts,
screws,
washers,
nails,
pins,
keys,
rivets,
clips
Threded fasteners
Self-weight approx.Threded
250kg, load fasteners
capacity up to 150kg, additional
Useful joining
acceleration forcestechnique that allows disassembly
but need to guard against loosening
most screw threads are right-handed
widely used throughout industry:
2.5 million fasteners in a Boeing 747
most are rivets

More than 125 Nm


Great braking forces
of torque have to be
resulting from emergency
transmitted at the wheels.
braking (300 km/h!)
Sizes of boletd joints
Huge screws

Midget screws

Screws in a clock Holding screws in


a compressor
Threaded Fasteners terminology

 Bolt head on one end, threads on other end, used


with a nut
 Stud rod threaded at both ends
 Cap screw head on one end, threads on other end,
NOT used with a nut
 Machine screw similar to cap screw but smaller
 Set screw used to prevent 2 rotating parts from
moving separately
Threaded Fasteners terminology

 Internal threads
Threads inside a hole
Made by drill & tap:
 drill smooth hole

 make threads with a tap

 External threads
Threads outside a cylinder
Made with a die
Made by rolling
Threaded Fasteners terminology

External thread
Thread types
Unified Coarse- Thread Type
Series of(UNC or UNRC)
thread Designation Sample
Most commonly used in the bulk production of bolts,
Metric (coarse) M
screws,
M16
nuts for general engineering applications.
Metric (fine) M M16 x 1,5
Unified Fine-Thread Series (UNF or UNRF)
Unified screw thread
Use when more threads per inch are required (i.e. where are
Pipe thread G G1/4
short length of engagement is available).
Pipe taper thread R R1/4
M-Series
Trapezoidal thread Tr Tr24x5
Metric system of diameters, pitches, and tolerance/allowances.
(symetric)
Buttres thread S S24x5
Knuckle thread Rd Rd32x1/8
Left-hand thread LH M16LH
Multiple thread P M60x4(P3)
Screw threads metric types

thread angle = 60o


symmetric profiles
identified as M
coarse and fine pitch
specification of the thread:

M12 x 1.75
the metric thread designation (M)
nominal major diameter (12 mm)
pitch (1,75 mm)
Metric threads
Thread P Thread P
diameter it Thread diameter it Thread
series c dimensions series c dimensions
h h
Threaded fasteners - sections
Simplified representation of bolts and screws
Agreed
Exact drawing Simplified drawing drawin
g
Simplified representation of nuts and washers
Agreed
Exact drawing Simplified drawing drawing
Simplified representation of bolts and nuts in
assembling
Agreed
Exact drawing Simplified drawing drawing
Threads for power screws

Used for power transmission


These have preferred sizes but also can vary
Modifications to these threads are easy

(a) Single, (b) double, (c) triple threaded screws.


Screw class property
4.6 5.6 6.8 8.8 10.9 12.9
Bolts withstanding
Bolt materials are identified according to property class.
the same
The designation for each loadclass consists of two figures
property
which are separated by a full-stop
The first figure is equal to a hundredth of the nominal tensile
strenght Rm in MPA
The second figure indicates 10 times the ratio of the nominal yield
stress Rp02 to the nominal tensile stress Rm (ratio yield
point)
If the two figures are multiplied together the result is a tenth of the
nominal yield stress in MPa

5 Rm=500MPa,
5.6
6 Re=0.6*500MPa=300 MPa
Thread dimensioning

1413,0.SLDPRT
Zoenie1.SLDASM

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