0% found this document useful (0 votes)
86 views21 pages

ﻲﻨﻓ شرﺎﮕﻧ يﺎﻤﻨﻫار: مﺮﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺳر راﺰﻓا Matlab

The document discusses techniques for plotting graphs using MATLAB software. It describes common plotting commands like plot, contour, and surf and how to customize graphs by modifying properties of lines, surfaces, and axes. It also introduces specialized plotting commands.

Uploaded by

reza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
86 views21 pages

ﻲﻨﻓ شرﺎﮕﻧ يﺎﻤﻨﻫار: مﺮﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺳر راﺰﻓا Matlab

The document discusses techniques for plotting graphs using MATLAB software. It describes common plotting commands like plot, contour, and surf and how to customize graphs by modifying properties of lines, surfaces, and axes. It also introduces specialized plotting commands.

Uploaded by

reza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1/ 21

:

MATLAB

A Guide to MATLAB: For Beginners and Experienced Users


Brian R. Hunt
01234567
8 9
9 6231
     !" #$%#&'(    
   ) !*+(  * ,( (-.  // ! 0
1)2345 678529:; <! (+( =12345 67852>?
<!  0 +( =12345 67852@? <! 0 +
( =12345 ;53:67852 <! +,(( =-
A /+)* 54BC  3D54BC EF-A 
++()*( * ! 1++  !
    +)*+ ( -$++* ! 
* ,(  *+( (-.++)1++ *  
G*! ( !)(( *-
H .  ) !(+ 1  +I54BC
(!  *+1 +I3D54BC 
(!* J)( ) +*-$+ 
)   * J1*   +  +
++ * , -$*1, + 
1+I+)  *!*+ ) *+ (*-

KLMNOPQ RSTPMSUVWVMXT
Y!   */ Z0[ +1* [  (/ \++) 
!*  !Z-$  G*! + ( * */]
+ (  * ++ (-

WU^UQ RX^P_WVMXT
` Z  [    (/ !*  !  - . \+1
+ !*a  bcdce \  fghgijkhlm!  Z n
opqbrste1[ n quvbrste1t*!  c  a-$ *( [  \ 
!*  !Z1) *+)(*/54BC1! ++ <.(*w-x=]
yy z { |}|~|}
yy 54BC:B;>59z ;9>59z
yy 89; ;873
! *   ! +) ca  z / 1*+ *+ /
 +)(   ++) /+ -A  ) *(   *+'
1) * *+ ++*+) *((
w
01 23456789
  8453












    

879

37!"628#7$% & '% ( )

6346#**+,**63
-787 4#* ./01 123.45 6*87637 4,7 4#7 *" 7*63 4879
:63*666378#7:*#;#**+#+74"7##57

<484,768 5#*66" 4#* 5*7#7 :63 5=>?@A


B* 4" *764" 4#,*6637
4,756874879
:63637*,,4";C
DD 5=>?@AEFG@1EAHFI F10JEAHFI KL MN>0OHP ./01 123.45
Q*676346:77; 47,*#*" 466786375=>?@A *,,4";R766;; "*6587S7"6
637845368*, 455748"
T"7"784#R6377,*#*"55877*"#U6786*656

VWXYWZ[\]WY^_X` ab c]dedY\]WY^
fghigjk lmgi*64 6"6*" *66:* S4847#7  4 5#*6*6637 mnonmfjkonp *6637
6"6*"R
7
R76*65*"6" 637$q' 5#4"7:37876376"6*" 4,74*"64"6
S4#7
*8784,5#7R637#7S7#8S7*6$% & '% 4878#77"6787;46637*8"R4";
637 mnonmp487 637 r487*6637 84;*6637 8#7
2*"6*85#*6487 58*;7; "
  :63 s51tu40v 4"; G@JA@34
37*,,4"; s51tu40v 58*;74
8; *65*"6" 48764"#4887*"R:63 457w7; 54"
38; 7; 7U
G@JA@34 6*58*;74*"6*85#*6"63757w7;87*"

B*4",4+74*"6*85#*6*6$% & '% 46*##*:x77879


yzC
DD K{ |O } s51tu40vE~LI ~LHP
DD G@JA@34E{I |I {M |MHP ./01 123.45
B* 4" 576U 5486#48#7S7#767U "#;" 4" 4;;
6*"4#S76
*848,7"6
6*G@JA@34
*8784,5#7R6*5#*66378#7*684;)R R4"; R6U57
DD G@JA@34E{I |I {M |MI K M OH
37 S76*848,7"6,6*"64" 46#7466:* 7#7,7"6R*R6U* :4"66* 5#*64
0123456789528
2 9 






      

5728 2 2 2 !

958 7 7"7 97 #$269 9%7&5$ '79


67 7"7 15&70'5959(5 797 256% 5&5
% 2 582
&"75"78)$
87(
52858
8*!27+
6% 7# 2% 2 '7&5& 72

*59,
)2 '72558# $%7
-- ./01/23456 76 589: ; 789:6 <= =>?
@ 2% 2 '7 76859&
7 A ! B C !D#715 7 '77(
528
9
C !D A  ! B E

8* $%7F97757GH
-- <5 7> I JKLMN3OP4Q=8=RS8S=R=8=6 Q=8=RS8S=R=8=?T
-- ./01/23456 76 4589: ; 789:?89: Q 589: ; 789:6 <S S>?
-- UVOL LW2U3K
-- 1O1XK4YZMK XKJ0OL.U1K V9:Q[9:I4V9:;[9:?9:Y?
\ ]^_`abcdbefgehbei 9 _jkljihceemkj^e^_ba^_`e_a_neopjhcd^dnbjhbeq
rjlbhsbclak_bfd^i _j kljihced tleeune__elfkleceiea_b^dvega_` d sdcuw
bndb` x rjlemdvknefy1MK1Uo z{keP/. 1O1XK d^i njjuh^iel|}mdvw
kneb~ rjlj_`el_lacubga_` _a_neb_`ebered_hlebdnbj dkkn{_j ndsena^ cjvw
vd^ibnaueVXUKX d^i [XUKXojlvjlej^ d^^j_d_a^ ldk`bfbee_`e
bec_aj^9 26558
%'5&9nd_ela^_`abc`dk_elo
2 &
8
92 *2 &28 2% 2 58 15 ' '7&266
8* K./01/23#
8* 56% 5&5
% 2 58 2
&"7C!DB E 15 ' KX/18 %
 5&
#$2 &
8 2)
58
629
'79
67%5& 7
95715 ' '7&266
8*
-- K./01/234YV9: ; [9:Y6 <Q6 >6 <Q6 >?T UVOL LW2U3K

8*
629 '79
67%5& 7
957G15 ' '7&266
8*
01 23456789
  8453

  !"#!$% !&#!'!


(
)*,
)*-
)*.
)*!
)
")*!
")*.
")*-
")*,
"(
"( ")*+ ) )*+ (

/01879
2
734467

55 6789:;<=<>?@ A B?@C?@ D >?@ A B?@=E FFF


GDHFHE HFHIE GDHFHE HFHICJ K>LM MNOKP6

QRSTU VTWXY
37   8Z1647 NOL[6P  17\ 6Z 5]Z6^76Z8_7]\ Z84884` Za488Zb

37 488Zb 44 76378c7 ]Z467\ 467d14]]` 547\ 5Z46 4 637 5]447 eafg44\
hgZZ8\44674874Z60^74 7i5]6]`jkZ8637` 44 c75]47\ 4657_7\ ]Z46Z4

lZ37637Z37_\\]40 87d187\ 6Z 4]7637488ZbZ 6346637` \Z4m6Z37Z16


]ZZn406ZZc0Z86ZZ34]]
/Z8635185Z7kNOL[6P 64n744Z56Z44]4]7ga46Z8
48013746
37aZ]]Zb40Z\7kaZ87i435]7k5]Z64^76Z8_7]\b634o4\\]75Z46kp
Z8875Z4\406Z4Z3c446Z4Za44466846^7aZ875Z46406Zb48\637fg4i44\
48751]^7aZ875Z46404b4`a8Z3 637hg4i
37Z165163Zb44/01879
q

55 G>E BI r s6MtuPLv<DHFHwxF@wHFHE DHFHwxF@wHFHCJ


55 NOL[6P<>E DBCJ K>LM 6NOK9J K>LM :yy

z{|SS}~R SYRWTVTWXY
  347^784]8Z1647aZ858Z\14063877g\374Z44]5]Z6

|SYR z{|SS}~R SYRWTS


/Z85]Z6640 18^74 g547k637c4Z3344\ 89:;
6bZ8n]n789:;k
7i7566346664n763877^76Z84674\Za6bZkZ47aZ8637fgZZ8\4467kZ47aZ8637
0123345673896
8
9 

623 3
2463 

 !

4

268 39" 8
83
213#4

268 39
23$ 7% 3"&3 8%
 13 6$&61
'' ( ) *+,-.-/,+0
'' 1234567386+91:9(;< 8:=6+91:9(;< (;

>?

>C
?
@AB ?
@ @AB
@
>@AB >@AB
>? >?

623013D3 6$ E FGHIJ#!" E HKLIJ#!

0132369 9
12334673896
8 8
 
MN1234  3 MN12345OP
  8
6893 %
1313 6$68623&61
'' MN123456Q7386+91:94;Q< Q8:=6+91:94;Q< Q4Q< R*+< +S;
01 23456789
  8453

  !" #$%


37874876&'(4'))4*+,'85-'66*./8,47*0154723456 4*+5789
37
,'8)7858'+/74684*5487*6:)73;/8,47<637-466784*'54=/734+7+'*7
3787
4876&'+,,787*6&4>',/*.743'))4*+<'*7,'85-'66*./8,47*&33637
?1''8+*467 .@7* 44 ,/*6'* ',A 4*+ B<4*+ '*7 ,'8CDEDFGHEIJ KLEMDJGK*
&33A<B<4*+?4874--.@7*4,/*6'*',6&''63785484)7678
76/--/68467
637,'8)78&633456 4*+637-46678&635789

' 5-'6? N OPAQBR<'*7(7.*&63 43456S8TU '))4*+ 4* 63747',


VWXYW78
Z'87[4)5-7<637:4++-7/8,47;? N A\ ] B\ 4*(75-'667+&63
^^ _`abc d 3456S8TUefghijkhga fghijkhglm
^^ n d `jog f bjogm 3456e`a ba nl

pq

pt
q
r q
s r
s
pr pr
pq pq

Z./879
0
37u/8,47? N A\ ] B\

3787/-6*. .8453 -''v(76678'* 637')5/678877* *7   34+7637


/8,47&634'-'837)7+757*+*.'*637?1''8+*467
w 7'/-+34@758'+/7+
4*'54=/7/8,47*674+(>875-4*.3456 &635789

37874874-'3'86/6'))4*+4x3456 4*+4x5789y>'/4*'(64*487/-6
@78>)-486'Z./879
0&63
^^ 4x3456ez{og f |ogza _fga ga fga gcl
},'*7 &4*66' 5-'64 /8,47 63464**'6(7 875877*67+ (> 4* 7=/46'* ',637
,'8) ? N OPAQBR<,'87[4)5-7 637 53787 A\ ~ B\ ~ ?\ N <637* 6(766786'
5484)76787637/8,47/*.4/64(-7''8+*467>67)<*6347>-*+84-'8
53784-''8+*467
Z'87[4)5-7<&74*64v745484)7678637@7864-''8+*467
? 4*+ 637 5'-48''8+*467 * 637 A1B 5-4*7
}, +7*'67637 +64*7 6' 637 ?1
4[<637* 6377=/46'* ',63753787(7')7\ ~ ?\ N <'8 N ] ?\<4*+ '
0123456 1789

 
        3
5 !7"4983 5934"#9$
1$
%% &'( )*+,-. / 0+1*23456789:;898( 6:9:;89<=>?4=@
%% A / 1B3,68 7 ';C<=;>DE16)*+,-=@
%% F / 1B3,68 7 ';C<=;>14G6)*+,-=@
%% 1H3I6A( F( '=@ -J41 1BH-3+

MNO

KMNO

KL
L
MNO L
M
M
KMNO
KL KL

012345 P5Q71$R"545 S  S   

T93 !7 !# 9 "#9$! 34U! 5 "!4!V5$41 !##W


1$ +X0+1* 94+X1H3IYW93 !7
9Z$!17!45 3#$[54W 1V1#!4$9012345 P
1$
%% +X1H3I6\1B3,687XC<=>DE16,=\( ;;;
\1B3,687XC<=>14G6,=\( \X\( &:( <>?4( 78( 8.=@ -J41 +BH-]
^9$1 5$!$
5!8 $9 "5 1UW $5, 4!725_4 $Z5 !3 51$1 !#"!Z5$1 !##W Z5U945X
5[57$932X 9 34 Z5U945, 17$5 $4172
557$5458`!$54$!745V5VZ54 3 !
43#517a bcbd PW93 !757$54U37 $197 9UV945$!7975[!41!Z#5! !797WV93
U37 $197 U945e!V"#5f6X(,= 1B3,687X;C<=;>DE16,=Y$57 17 5W933 58
X ! $5_4 $17"3$[!41!Z#5W93
93#8 "5 1UW1$ 4!725_4 $

ghijklm hnopqr
R9 U!4
5![581 3 58 97#W 24!"1 9VV!78 $!$"4983 594V981UW ! 172#5
"#9$d3$a bcbd 1 !# 9 !"!Z#59U9"57172V3#$1"#5_2345
1789
94 9VZ17172
5[54!#"#9$ 17975_2345
1789
s545
581 3 9V5Z! 1 V5$98 U94V!7!2172
!78V!71"3#!$172_2345
1789

00 123456789
 7342

   !"


# 26$%&'6(6'56526)754*&55$+&,,3$-$3+.6$
 6&$/526+7342
344637$3$60 0$-&0 *316*6-23+'764596'167'6$5+7342&,,3$-65267
,&-8% &7764*36 526 +7342 $ 520$-&09 9&' 23.6 66$ 5235:;<= ;> -765
5235$60 4*&55$+ &,,3$-2&'*- 3-- 5&/735267523$ 764*36/526'776$5+73429?8
$563- %&' 03$55& 763563$60 +7342 $ 364373560$-&0 02*6@664$+ 526&*-
+7342 &$ %&'7766$/5%46ABCDEF 5& &46$ 3$60 0$-&0/*316*6- 23+'76G59 *H
567$35.6*%/%&'3$6*653I60 3+'7687&, 526,6$'$65267%&'7,3$
H
 0$-&0 &7526)75)+'760$-&096'167'6$5+7342&,,3$-0**38865
&$*% 520$-&0/'$5*%&' 23$+6%&'7JKLLMNOPQKLM3+3$ 052 3$&5267ABCDEF
&,,3$-R69+9/5%46ABCDEFSTU 5&052526'776$5)+'7613@5&23+'7645V/&7
1% 17$+$+ 3$&5267)+'765& 5268&76+7&'$- 052 526,&'69# 26$ ,'*54*6)+'76
0$-&0376&46$/%&'3$)$-&'5022526'776$5&$61%5%4$+CWA/2&758&7
2+65'776$5)+'76953$3**%/%&'3$-6*656)+'760$-&0$526''3*,3$$67052
526,&'6/&7052526&,,3$-W<;XFY66526&$*$626*48&7-653*9

Z[Z \]
^32)+'760$-&0 2335&&*137'$-67$63525,6$'1370522&75'58&76.673*
,6$'56,/$*'-$+&$526*685&$8&7&46$$+/3.$+/3$-47$5$+)+'769I637
526,--*6/526763766.673*&$5235&7764&$-5&56,$526Z ",6$'9
2650& &$052 4*'3$- ,$'+$&$57&*_&&,$+ $ 3$- &'591*@ &$
526&$05234*'+$/3$-526$*@&$34&$5$%&'7+73425&_&&, $$6375235
4&$599&'3$*@3$-_&&, ,'*54*65,6Y632_&&, 23$+65263*6&$1&52
3(61%3835&7&87&'+2*%`9a&06.67/-&$b5*@5&&835/163'6-&'1*6H*@$+
7665526+73425&5&7+$3*535691*@$+&$526&$052526,$'+$3**&0
%&' 5& _&&, &'5+73-'3**%9
 c 3*& 233$ &$ $ 5262346&8323$- 5235
3**&0%&'5&*@3$--73+526+73425&43$1&522&7_&$53**%3$-.6753**%052$
526'776$53(69
&76_&&,$+ &45&$3763.3*31*61% 7+25H*@$+ $ 526)+'76
0$-&0 02*6 _&&,$+/1% '$+ 526 d "'1,6$' &8526 Z ",6$'/&71%
'$+526&,,3$-e;;f R665&$*$626*4V9
1*@$+ 526 $6(5&$ 5& 526 7+25052 526 7'*37377&0 3**&0%&' 5& 7&5356
52766H-,6$&$3*RghV+73429 3&7,&76 gh 68865/6*65526 13,673 &&*137
87&, 526 i! ,6$' R$
 0 3$- 2+267V9 9&' 3$ 3*& 23$+6 526 .60H
4&$5052 526 &,,3$- jBFk9 ?$ 4375'*37/526 &,,3$- jBFkSlU 47&m653
)+'76 $5& 526 nHo 4*3$6 R1% *&&@$+ -&0$ &$ 587&, 526 4&5.6 pH3(V/3$- 526
&,,3$- jBFkSqU .60587&, 526-683'*5-765&$ $ rH436/022 $ 526
-765&$ *&&@$+ 5&037- 526&7+$ 87&, 34&$5837&'5&$ 52673% n s tuvw`x`y/
o s tuvz{x|y/p s uvwy/y} u9
~ ?$
/3$%50&H-,6$&$3*4*&53$162.606-$gh/53$-3$%52766H
-,6$&$3*4*&53$1647&m656-$5&5264*3$69 2'3+'7689831&.6R526
26*(V/88&**&06-1%526&,,3$-jBFkSlU/47&-'637*69
?$
 c/*@$+ 526$6(5&$ 5& 5267+25&85267&5356&$ 6$31*6526
h353 1'7&7/022 3**&0%&' 5& -4*3% 526 &&7-$356&83 4&$5&$ 3 '7.6 1%
01234567689
62 

6689 48 4 8 31 6936689 68 391 684 9622 4 


36482 89689 3648 334  412 4263648 6 4 41 34 6 48 8 
!63  468348 31  3 3 8 "123  3 4683 #55! 3 331 2
433 !  $%&$'  66268 1 24883689 863815! 4( 3
46832)%62 8!12(12 6  (3 7445689*! 12 3 468325 38!
2 ( 3$843  349344 68 324( 4683#68 6  26482 2
2 $%&$' )62!3 689+,-./0123 6830455 84 684362 4241
34 6 48 8 468368 391 684*843"12348 1 4 636296241
54 566!663*6(41 833 6244 68 324( 468348 1 *6362!2334
1237 3 01 24 *! 12636  269693 46834831 86(41
488366 34831 
$24 68  $%&$'  48*3 6935423648 48 39691 %44! 4 823 
684221 418689391 32 436848 2 43%442* 841
 8 244 835 633455 8.:;00;;:<=41 8 24483 4362  
4(323 6842>39691  33*3 43' 42 * 83 4  3?634
>68661 ( 45 3@ABC 581%268428 ! 64125 824(63689
91 2 84(32 !66362  24  6 !683DEFBGH 8IJJKF5812*
8 ( 45 3 43?63%44! 68 3 @ABC 581 4  6! 65 62122 245
636894 36482683LMNOPQRSRTUVWXYZR[N23648!4*!133  5 854 
4226!66362 8841 941346  658363323442
\ ]8 6  264824( $%&$'* 2 2 $%&$' *54 656363689
 !66362   6 !! 6689 3 4 648 34 3 6934(3 683
6484839691 %44! 838 693668968391 

^J_ `AEAEabKJHFAE cEBd AEeJC


%455 8</f.:;0 662391 684 6834 8 4(25  432%
 2334 915832963658264824(3 4(21! 432* 83 23 91583
9623815! 4(321! 43#4183689( 45 (334 693  4223 23 4*38
( 45 (334 693  4223863 4* 82448)68634 133413 134(3863
9 689 455 8 % (44689 6 5 *42 413 13  268 9691  gh*
412 ij i 4( 4324(3 23(41 '22(1836482kl *mn o n p
qq r s tutvtwuxty
qq z;{ - s 2ux
</f.:;01|}|}-3
.:;01r} f~<<~:1- 2} r33
~-

\ ]8 $%&$' 41 8 24  321! 4321268939691  33*641


 88 !( 45 3@ABC 5814 2 34(3 43%4422 6! !4

^FHJ_ AAEaGAF
ZRNRNXQPWXXT[OPYR[RPMRNZPM[XTNRYROPTXWNOWXRTU
01 23456789
  8453

 

 

 

 
     

 

 

 
     

87 9
1
776 !"#$%&55787'6()!*#$%&5578836()!+#$%& ,78
7'6()4-!.#$%& ,78836(

/ '4863345678),73407-7- 17 11 27-   8 67' 8


778464-145465 6
6 '67)6 7641 875877876)2 77-6
6 137 87-663784536377 114-58 -7
4 8-786 - 63)2 16
-7864- 4'7, 545857 78 637,42   6 874- -542
8453
 81 6585 7)637-  3787,57'676
6'2  77-
1 87' 8146 )2  142 ,466  6 7 '6375 7-70 67- 78072 6
  8453)3 49:;<= > ?@A?B CDEFG;H:),33  17'877 & IJ
' 8146(,63637 '6,4874-457477-637KI86457J 17646 L7M
6   637N75 8 ,78& 8-78KJ 17646  /76L'8 1 637OPQRSPTU
   9
V() 8I
4834-W X
N 4-)CDEFG;H:E<YC9Z:[;\G> ?@A?B)
V8-7-
)234514W N4]2^2) - )_``_

X72 340787467-4687)637874876, 54,426 1454676


378M
8766874571 -67-52625    114-6372 114-a - ,)
34637 114-bcbQP 4-decT TfgdhP 6346,734074874-27 6787-

X82 41 -'2637687,636371 7)637174- 637687


,- , 67'
1 64 '6376786 114-3407 678548663464 57787M
67- -8762  637687,- ,
/ ,32 5 6378748 5 63 673i7j 37
874 63467-6637687,- ,  '671 87 0776)75742,37
7,376 K78578176L,631657347),377-64687,63 M
   114- 4 M6714772 86 1346 8758 -57
/ 637687
  78578675 63 673i7
a 376376786 114-77842 8714
637417'8 1 7078  '   6 637786)637687M,- , 174-
6 4876462-''7876   9
V)0)4-k
 '6377078 3407
4I8 57862l-6 8)566477--''7876,42
4   k)2  4 57
6,63I 6 4-7857-45 07) 8'8 1 637mnop 17
4   0)776
01234567689
62 

 !"#$$$%&8' ()*(+ ,%-.2/0/312 !"3!$$$%


)4544656478/32683/991 /:6844: :633/5412/./46368951237//8 70/468
3 3:6844:%&8' ()*(+  840 3/ .641 8/8 70/4 462 70//463689762/0/3689
;!!2# 2!4 76 06<689 3/ 4: 648 34 3/ 693453/ 683648% = /8
/463689 62/8 70/4.362 4: 648 62690693/4. 84 3/ /62 /< 5 < 8/>334
 2!68 3/ ;!!2#5/81% &8 2/?/ 0 0 /27/04: :/ :6003/00641 34 06< 48
8 478/368 3/991 /:6844: 68 4 4/ 34 /46363% = /8 641 06< 48 3/478/3.63
241047/690693/4:6325 0070 <2@1 /2%&536244/28A3 /8.3/86418//4
34/8 70//463689%

B!C!
&84 4/ 34682/ 30 7/024 3/>36834 043.641 812/3/455 842DEFD.FGHIEG.
JGHIEG.KGHIEG. 84 GELEMN.68 4463648 34 DODGE% (2 3/ 8 5/2 2199/23.
FGHIEG.JGHIEG. 84KGHIEG 443/>38/>3343/44 468 3/ >/2.GELEMN 132
P0/9/84Q483/ 043. 84DEFD 4423/>3 3 2 /69 4683%)/2/455 8423 </
? 64124 3648 0 915/8323 3 8 7/12/4 34  89/3/54835 5606 84 5483267/
453/3/>3%(2 8 /> 5 0/.0/3A2600123 3/4: 34 544656 41 043453/0/5862 3/
RS691 /,%-T76 44689 845446566893/>3
UU DODGEVWXYE GEZMO[\HDE F]^_J]^`VF]^aJ]^b]^Wc WdeMDfOKEWc ggg
^hc WdeMDiHZEWc WjEGkEDO\HWc WdeMDlEOLYDWc WIeGNWb
UU DEFDVhc hc W mGEnDHooep H MeNEc HG[e HM OMnGE\DOeMWc ggg
WdeMDfOKEWc q^b
UU DEFDVhg^c _hgqc WreOMD neo EH\Y IoHM\YWc WdeMDfOKEWc q^b
UU FGHIEG Fc JGHIEG J

stuvwux yz{|}~uv






S691 /,%%)/*/5862 3/5 45 S691 /,%-:63(8843 3648 84 * 9/ )630/%


01 23456789
  8453

6763464 3 4637488 56 6 63776 879


!"4
77867# 6 467$668  4 637 63 476486 63 %
&'(7
7#63776)6577665884 *+,'87-7637(763787
"&
6476374748377.7$54468
87$457,764877/0 65
%12,446 6576378%42567 84456484'"8%9:6,
4# 48856  (48#87663 %;<=>7??@A,%:17??@A,4# 

887#7644#4576764(447,7763768B 7$6
C857867D637E758784)#6368 637BF7483D64637
E75878,8657G@H ><I> 4#/B 7$6C857867D4663766 6
547"

J &   K4#4678,4786637476574646637
LMNOPQ7637 87R #
&   0,4874646
4874(44774637C6*#6 48,637 87C47667,4#S8637
C85786*#68
T447637C85786*#68634763764
67$647U/63767$6466347,6376637C85786*#68

VWXMYOZ[\]ZQ^Q_]O
6378586464 6 3476376784536 # 637887
67 45686 3476376/ 48/4# 47  6374$7
R 63 41;@>
4#,4347637848453,856634#437#8#667#7,8
48/6375667#5663574,54##468638#4876
87(78`.a548
F88487bcb 87,b6b 84764,bHb 8
4,b?b 887#,b5b 8877,bdb 87,bAb 8367,4# beb 84/

F85648/78#7b@b 8487,bIb 848,bfb 845


,4#bgb 84648
F8767#7bhb 84#7,bib 8
4#667# 7,bhhb 84#437# 7
&45667(7 6 767,637
637 56487 5667# 6 8(7 #84 76 637
 37 47 763#
8/631;@>j 5471;@>
" 87$457,458#74#87#7
8(7676378634#667#778(7,48/463744$ 56
7438(7634#66(7637478463756,4k
ll m n ohpiqrqpipsg12t uv n 92womst up n H@9omst
ll 1;@>omx uvx b?hbx mx upx bdibst y@;G @w
ll mv n zhjg12{p 12{p|t uj n zv v|t 1;@>omvx ujx b?gbs
ll mp n zhpg12 q pg12|t u} n zv v v|t 1;@>ompx u}x bdfbs
ll 7I29ozh~ ~ hvrv vrv|s
E7874466376/48/637`.4$467#466570
347
#7636374#9<>,337#6347(4858578678453

 455 66 6374$7,6346 77# 63 6374# 5H7,33 64#


8B7688764$7
D 37#7
ll 9<>o5H7x bm2Hebx ohpipsg12x bm2He7d<;bx rrr
bhp12h12q12p12bx b@w>42<bx vs
4663637#74(77663788764$7,766376/637`.4$
6  8 0 6 0  6570,4# 637 476377 6/4
01234567689
62 

 3 3 86865 843 364866219 3 2468  22326743


 234  4683483  2136224868!691 "#

)
(*+
(*,
(*-
(*%
(
$(*%
$(*-
$(*,
$(*+
$)
$%&' $&' ( &' %&'

!691 "# 4. 6424/012 834/2

8683 41 569348 4 34  33652 26786836823  4


9:;<9;< 82448 62623 656 1341 84633 689
== >?@ABCDE FGHI@JDK?FE FLMKNHOFP
== >?@ABCDE FQR<CSTDN?OFE F9:;U9;UVU;U:;FP
268683W544838 41 623243; 683X34832

Y 8 Z [ \[] 41  8 9 68 12 3 . 4  3 ^634 34 5 5 3 2 5


3 24236236 892065 48 1 _ 8 94 34 3. 4  3 ^634 34
 896322344 6338 `a 4341  8 65 48 21  
824 364824  8968963244 689 843 4  362 4 893
365 5 52 689365 48 3 X24  85  6826 35 34
4123. 4  3 ^634 48 3 X28 Z [ \[] 65 48 1 _ 8
23bcdefghiijkelmnjoepiqrjiedjsttt34 546 632 4  3624 23
bcdefuvjspiqrjiedjsttt34 8934834 3365 2

whxxywxjczjc ghseq{ d|}edqk


~  3 413 89234 43 2 324 43  455 82B?@ 8 >?@  8
12 34 43 68 45 362343 4  3624343268 91 684
8383454635 2432 8 4  362  8968 6 6 
23 131 63   436836  4 3689 4683815   
41 3 B?@ABCP41 693  3 4896234 4  362431 83
91 42 862 31 83183648BCW454325693  
01 23456789
  8453

    


 !"#$  %&%%
'()  %&%%

*787+,-,. /07637142/83456373838637573658769/877591747:;<33869
5467=>3787?@ @ @A1742 456 ?B B BA>367C?@
D @
D @
DA7/36/84E
F367
6346+G..HIJKLHM 456 +NO-P.HI 5 637Q4R57734076374R704747=6373579
777R75607638356455/ 637 8455E973325/ 54R178STSUVVS
354R178637
345677386374887564Q7=>33>347647317876485761E6373RR456WXY :Z/76
4887564Q7[<
37846634663345677473 33>45 45678+NO-P.HI 56467
63466374Q7487Z376875[38637\/487=
7
=637E 773577707763>5 5 637378489
3476846487
E55/ WHJ]WXY^ >3476 6375 /07 E34 4 76384Q58357867=
57465/637345677388486378+NO-P.HI 434_OIH 31`76=>635>33E34
>3476\56637abYJY 456cbYJY 75365/637464475736

d ef ghiijkl mnikopqirSTSUVVS stfpgghiijkugqknvipwghikjithkfxnir


yvtgsgtz{tgwi| xiusl knmnkuit}~prgmsfWHJ]^ |pvnx sinx
kf i{{p{l ittki}p{ig{siqighiijkugqknvipw+NO-P.HI sf ghiijkl
mnikopqirgmiWHJ]WX +NO-P.HI^}ef l kfuktitrkzv{i|snn
hkqil vngsmniuhsnx{ifrsf |hsuh uktighstupl l kfx |snn{igv{f kqiugp{
pwhkfxnit}
57E34 3407734676 63758357867E348756787676 5=637E 45 17345/76
>63MHJ
387Q4R577=
MHJ]WX +,-,. ^
345/7637142/8345637383863713867838637\/487>563> 63876=456
MHJ]WXY +,-,. ^
345/7637142/8345637383863757366778:437638637\/487>563><63E7773>
:>335637; 37R73478876=3478/8775<

3Z3574646R7[R76336 83873465/ 456 R368E5/ \/4875835786745 17


5776764545/6373RR456OIP, 63734676373456773847763767756756
:637R45 \/487>563>=6376875=376875 38376875=76
< 38637488756\/9
487
5745 473 7R66377483 63 345677356455/ 777R75638457\6E57

387Q4R577=OIP,]JH -OIH^ 34568384773456773831`76359


6455/ 4 57 777R756
57 E34 3407 734676 6377=E34 45 47 MHJ 63 345/7
637_OIHJ-H 883R 3766364376=76
5466635=63773>977077/84533R9
R456-OIH=.HXJYIW-H=O--=MG.YXH=456OYWH 4517476638746757>
/8453777R756>6354\/487>563>

5   0=E34 45 473 77456 R368E 48477763858357867838637


\/487=4Q7=383637831`7645/ 637 835786E 6638
272 35 637 31`76
456 6375 72 35 637Z557638

[ 146635 5 637835786E 6638


3 7776
637\/4876778=723563713867838637\/487=346676374Q7

457Q4R577386377673547=63783773>5/3678746743713486354
>367142/83456=433>55/4879
BB

012345678912
9 85628 8 

        !"#


       $     %     
 &' ()* (+
 &( ,  -. &( /  -0-1
&))23#% 4 %3#2 -0-15 4 ,. $3#% 4 / 4 ,. 5
+*. +*
 6)(27#3. 7#$3. 3,35
 82%. 39:%,;$)3. . 3<:%,;$)3. 5
 82%&. 3=()(3. 5 >8 8?'

@93A4BCDDC7 EF455G 2A C

H4A4 28  2A4


F4IJK L 9835M ANF9
428 3A2OCPF4 GQ4&(
Q R A2N5
F4S 2AT 5U2A45 8
F4LF455G 2A 65983 &))6N9
F / 98 4V983
F4
2AT5U2A459825983Q4W4A
9L2QL Q186N9
F,  39W983
F4 X81G4A4 A N56
28 N9
F,   39W983
F44W48X81G4A4 A N5CY
9L4
F2
&)) F4A4
2T45
FA44
2A3148
5Z212
A9V642LF MNF 54L Q18539W45
F4[XL A 982
45 M
F4W4A
9L45
M2R QO3 8
G4\QQ4 ]98
F95L25425U2A4^6254L 8 12
A9VNF 54L AA45R 8 983
L Q18539W4
F4 _XL A 982
45 M
F4 W4A
9L45628 2 L Q AC ` 4aW4 L 85
AL
4
F4
12
A9L45N9
F M AL Q1856 84M A42LF M
F45 Q9 5U2A4598 25983Q4F A9b 8
2Q
A NCPF46)( L 1128 A2N5
F45 Q9 GQ2LTQ9842A 8
F4 
59 4 M
F4G 2A C
@982QQO6
F4\A5
8 L 1128 A41 W45
F4RA98
4 Q2G4Q5 8
F42V45628
F454L 8
8 L 1128 A454
5
F4G2LT3A 8 L Q A
NF9
4C

c de fghijklme fnmolijflp qorlp


s 7Pt7K 952Q5 2GQ4
LA42
4 28 1289RQ2
4 MQQXL Q A912345628912
9 85628
5 8 \Q45C082 9
9 8

F4L 1128 XQ98414
F 5 45LA9G4 G4Q N6O L28 R48
01 23456789
  8453

474748466346   55867 663728876


!87688"788776 #$%&'() *+,-./-/000

() /1&2
  48743"86734764 7334637874674 6447843
6374 84 74 738874678 "63  
4 75
46"744884 6 87 548747 6577
8 374 74 7
687474948768463 :;<3=:><34<?@
A  3
484 7"63 37 36B 5774 "63 C 577 7784 687  7
6" "4'44 D 4 784 777 4 7
 D 4 787587767 4
4B E C E F488436346637874357757763877947'487
67634 8776763447676
G 486574 7 84473
"338758776744BE C 48845776767
H 7774 76
4 B E C 4884 6 76378"63 4 4748 IE F 4884 47 468458J743
777663786488487587766377748" 63784534638"
97637D 94786378875 577
G4 346   4D 846
6747668788 845358 84 J47774 76747
6578
8H
374KLMNOP "87444 78 4448 7948764 7
7846J776377375 855867 846
Q784633 4:;<3
4687D 87774 7
R63788464687765786376378J
<?@ 4 7487 4"47773"37874=:>< 4 7487 7978777
6
4 7   6374 8 4 74 7 "7687  D 8467637
487<?@ 7
8744D 4 78 6377:?STUV>W:;< 46876637
4884MXYZK[3657
\\ MXYZK[ ] KLMNOP^_ZK[`aMNbZcX_de
f487447774 7"63KLMNOP 4  665666"948473
786374 74884478637845
f4637978663774884
64 7D 4884"63KcPgMXY
h877457'
\\ iKcPZK[j LOZk ] KLMNOP^_ZK[`aMNbXKl_de
\\ MXYZK[ ] KcPgMXY^KcPZK[j LOZde

m 29786 8 D 677784634878747 7784637


7878768 6374 767877J84567 3497
nop87"788
 qA4 7r87 73444
MXYgKcP 634678797844 86384 63978

374KLOXN 5444 74 87""


h84D 4 7
MXYZK[35657
\\ KLOXN^MXYZK[d
\\ OsKt NuaOv `KXw`
377 4 677483678763466374 7547  6
6774576846
h847774 7KcPZK[ "63845LOZ3657
012345678912
9 85628 8 

 
 
!4" 1128  "!28345
!4" # $12% &
!4"$$48
2'45 $6(9
!8 98%

2$3148
56 
%
5
!4"$$48
" # $12%)
*  "28 4 9
28 91234 +, "!283983
!4 -2#4598
!4 91234 2$$2,) .
9"4
!2

(!48,  95%#2,28912346
!42'452$4#2+4#4 (9
!
!498 9"45 &
!4912342$$2,)
* "2854
!4/ 1 &42
$4 &
!403$4(98 ( 1544
!4234567839:;<=54"
9 8
42$#94$98
!95"!2%
4$>
# "2
41 $4%$4"954#,
!498 9"45 &2%2$
9"#2$&42
$4 &

!4912346 $4-48 28 98 9-9 2#%9'4#) !4 $4
9"2##, 2
#425
6,  "28
!48 4 9

!4
912349828,(2,, (28
+,"!283983
!481+4$598
!42$$2,)?4$4(4 45"$9+4
! (
"2$$, 
54-4$2#" 11 81289%#2
9 85982%$2"
9"2#12884$)
@ A BCDEEFBGHIDJBK LDMEN OPC QP BFDQRST DK LUBGVGDMHBQODGWPIK LQLEX
EPCGNPY K PIB WIBBFPK LMF NPY HLM LECLNGHPMZBIQWIPK DMFB[BF WPIX
K LQQP RST LGFBGHIDJBF LJPZB\ ]PCBZBIVRST DK LUBGLIB GQPIBF DM
QOIBBXFDK BMGDPMLELIILNGVCODHO K LNQL^BGPK BQDK BQPUBQYGBF QP\_IBX
ZDPYGENDM QODGJPP^ CBOLZBFDGHYGGBF PMENQCPXFDK BMGDPMLELIILNGVLMF
GPK B` abcaT HPK K LMFGQOLQK LMDdYELQBQCPXFDK BMGDPMLELIILNGFP
MPQCPI^ WPIQOIBBXFDK BMGDPMLELIILNG\
$4-4$5428 91234%e
e (8 $#4&
e
e$93!
6,  591%#, 844
$4-4$54
!4
2$$2,(9
!f)g $4'21%#46
 fhi j
(9## 95%#2, 2 #4&
e
e$93!
19$$ $912346(!9#4 fhi k $4-4$545

!4 2$$2, %e
e (8) 1g $98 4'4 91234528
!4$
( e 914859 82#2$$2,56, 
"2854
!41 $41841 89"" 1128 5f 28 fl 985
42 )>
"$ % 28 91234654#4"

!4 2%%$ %$92
4 5+2$$2,) g $4'21%#46
$41 -4 mn
%9'4#5&$ 1
!4
% 28 +

1 &
!49123428 onn %9'4#5&$ 1
!4#4&
28 $93!
6

,%4
 p q hrkstrui kukstkuui sv
*  "28
!48 95%#2,
!4"$ %%4 91234p 25 45"$9+4 2+ -46 $52-49
25
45"$9+4 +4# ()
4'21984
!4" # $ &2898 9-9 2#%9'4#6, "28 95%#2,9
5wxy -2#4598
!4
z 1128 { 98 ( 28 | $ 95%#2,9
98203$4(98 ()g $4'21%#46
4'21984
!4
%9'4# &h 98
!4# (4$#4&
e!28 " $84$6
,%4}
 hi ki s
~

~

~

!4 
%
2+ -439-451!,%
!4
9"2#>$4 63$448628 +#4-2#45& $
!4%9'4#) 544

!95" # $98
!4"$$48
03$4(98 (6
,%4hi ki s)* 
01 23456789
  8453

46374663784787864765 !"#$%&'() *) +, -
*./ 0874763787767614263783678418770

38734 475470634763745574847637587
1366 4 4 347 637 84 037 62 5478637 7687
147 41481478
787441576 642 6487647063 6375687
764637 847 637 8875 64884 6 9
3 !"#$%:/;</)
=/;**/) ;, - / 0347664246375474>?@6@>?A48776787
B954781 637654?9954781 63776637147

C 2346371678637488440734876786706347
63714754763758700 67470 #DE & 1@
14

F 46 6 14546 1476346 874 6   4 87467


80147684G71784464
H5578744157634634874
4884I&D" 634664671578468781778453487
J454
637671578468744747147665
KK #DE &L$%I&D",
37114 #DE &L$ 08227#DE &74756634668747637847 4
60@1744884  6346637 3376167888756 637 33761@
67878637887681454637076167888756637076
167878
M 63637746814577636870678787
4  87067 87 67063 637888758776 67817467
6715784687

 54 637 8145 7466 637 147657 $NON!E


P67 6346637
1678 636488875 6 6371678 88448844 4877@
5776637874 76 #DE &L$
F 046478768145
4874678087763763788145666  657(N$
$NONDE" 84776
78744157668481 63767157846871457867
468764642@4@03671470378703678758776366428758776
467817467671578468748734784657$NONDE"% EQ,

74 4 4874 147 76376448 814627RST 063 637


114#DU#I&
787441576487'&U"#$ 663757SVWRXYZ[RST657
KK #DU#I&%'&U"#$) \'&U"#$I]"' \,

^ _` abcdefghijfklmnommfk bpj epmcqfcrsogfl` ctpgu cemonb cm"'


oml`s flebfg "#'I pg vlwfxycqf zm{{{ tgpu ebf rsogf jl`kpj u f`o{
|blmjlwwmcqfebff`elgfrsogfil`nwokl`sebf}pgkfgc`k c~lmwc}fwmil`ep
ebf lu csf rwf{ _tpo p`w jc`eep mcqf ebf lu csf l`mlkf ebf c~fmiomf
#DU#I&{
z`lu celp`m
37157604 6 5874 41467 5687063 $ND&I033 5874
5484176856488763704 "ONI 7747566346 4 77637887
6768476617
78744157
012345678912
9 85628 8 

   
  !"# $%& "' $(# $%&)*  * +# ,-(. -/
 0-1"20-&# &/
9534255896 71 89784271
9 89
: ; 454 ,-(. -/ <4748

52=42374=9 53723<6>

374547=4
<42?95
37 347
945@4<2 A5
54
9; 9
< 
,-(. -/6B 7CD7E @ 4 74=47

9
5
4624
2?45628
<487=4@ 4 4 F 44493
982472
<47
<28 8978427259
95
>4983
7284 9
G 71 74 8 134982
4 28912
9 8565  828 54 "2!$1" 28 1-H"H"I9
C<4 8 1128 "2!$1" 823
745
<4 28
9=4 J374 @98 @ 6 7 84 67214 6
<4
1 =94628 1-H"H"I K2=2942>44 98 B 7CD7E L 28 42
47M
<48 34255>28F
<4
7454
982543272
4@98 @9G 74?213446
<46 44 @9838 1128 537 8421 =94
62=9>72
9835
79839
 N  
 -! /  O
(-2%# &//PO&/N# $%&)# # *# +
Q/R  "2!$1"
"/.
 1-H"H"IQ
C<4 $%& 8 1128 <474 95913 7
28
6
48574
<2
428< 67214 6
<4 1 =94 95
72@8@9
<
<452148 7 982
42?459KS
<47@9546
<458244 6
<42?45@944>4 96647T
48
98428<67214628
<47454
9831 =94@944>4

2445195442 9839MC<454198 4 8
26
47"2!$1" 95245 913 7
28
698 7 47
2= 9
<4 534@983 6 7
< 62 4
6
81479824 2
2@9
<428<67214 6
<41 =949
U V WXY Z[\Y ]^W]_^`aY V bcdbe YfYg[]YZ ]^Y ahhi ]^W]jYkY\W]YZ ]^Y
l\Wm YZnoh[ phkh]ghqY\]^YWg]`qYrj[\Y_`kph_ _`]^ Wkh]^Y\_`kph_
sZ[g^ WZ]^Y thm m Wkp u `kph_vw xloh[ phn]^Y ghk]Yk]Zhl]^Y h]^Y\
_`kph_ _`aayYZ]h\Yp `k ]^Yl\Wm YZhl]^Ym hq`Yw
: z  828 245 541-H" K@<98<6849F41-H"H"I6952=2942>4498 B 7CT
D7E {9|M
3425>28F
<41 =9498
<487748
J374@98 @9C<958 1128
244 @52 9
9 824 3
9 85658<25=275983
<46721472
4}544
<4 84984<443
6 7 4
29459
S8845  <2=48742
4 21 =9465  828 541-H"$H K98 B 7CD7E L 28
42
47M
52=49
2528 7~0J446@<98< 9525
28 27 6 712

<2
828 >454 98
<47
1 =94T=94@98337 37215658<25; 98 @5B 4 924254728 98FC9149G 74?21T
3446
52=4
<41 =948742
4 2> =4

<4J446
5341-H"$HQ#
&2!/$H9

h[kp
z 82854&- /.
348472
45 8 85 78 13
47K37 =9 4
<2
5 78 13
47
9559
2>45 49334 M9 C<958 1128
2F452=48
76=94@59
25
<4@2=46 71 62
01 23456789
  8453

4 54 6
4 76888756 4 587 674 637
8776374 47678!7637563
3637" 7#4!57
54637!668! 77637$%63&!53'
(( ) * +,-,./-01,23456 7 * 89:;<+/=0,,26 8 * +,-,./-/,,,23456
(( <;>?@+A<5?+)2= 7= <5?+)2= 7= <5?+)2= 7= <5?+83BC12= 7= ...
<5?+DCE3)2= 7= <5?+DCE3)2= 7= <5?+DCE3)2= 7= <5?+83FCB2G26
H67 6346637 I78 7687  63 7#4!57 87467 4 78 386547 J76"77
7767

%8<;>?@63747 637567683 J7J76"77 KL 4 L


M 63
634684 76374!5676377687678!7637!7637N6 54
6374J74634!74!6563756768JOPQ
%84768
"63 4 4!567 874678634 L 4 7<;>?@<R 6 87476377686 637
84 7KL6LJ78754 6

 746637 547 461STU 4!575787 6377 63 637


7687 J 1STU6377 63 637  7
V 4 34 7637
4!578467"63 4 5647 48 !766 <;>?@N63"34 7J63 637
56346378466373748

%448744"867W7  J66"8!46'
XYZ 4Y[
8755488!4634\]^ 4876444J7J6!4347
6"487634678663788!46648! XYZ
37!!4_`a:9`@ 4
_`a_:5b9 8744"867638!46N7763773758764

You might also like