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HOME ARDUINO ARDUINO TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER

Arduino Tra c Light Controller

OCTOBER 8, 2016 BY ADMINISTRATOR 4 COMMENTS

Contents [hide]

1 Circuit Diagram
2 Components
3 Component Description
4 Circuit Design
5 Working of the Tra c Light Controller Project
6 Limitations
7 Applications
8 Project Images
9 Project Code
10 Related Articles
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The use of personal vehicles is very common now a days and a result, the number of vehicles
on the roads are exponentially increasing. Roads without any supervision or guidance can lead
in to tra c congestions and accidents.

Tra c Lights or Tra c Signals are signalling devices that are used to control the ow of tra c.
Generally, they are positioned at junctions, intersections, X roads, pedestrian crossings etc.
and alternate the priority of who has to wait and who has to go.

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The tra c lights will provide instructions to the users (drivers and pedestrians) by displaying
lights of standard color. The three colors used in tra c lights are Red, Yellow and Green.

The system must be used to control the tra c lights for smooth and safe movement of tra c.
These control systems consists of electro mechanical controllers with clockwork mechanisms
or modern solid state computerised systems with easy setup and maintenance.
 Select the Next Set of Arduino Projects You Want to Learn in Electronicshub: Arduino
Projects

In this project, an Arduino based Tra c Light Controller system is designed. It is a simple
implementation of tra c lights system but can be extended to a real time system with
programmable timings, pedestrian lighting etc.

Circuit Diagram

Arduino Tra c Light Controller Circuit Diagram

Components
Arduino UNO
1K Resistor X 12
Red LEDs X 4
Yellow LEDs X 4
Green LEDs X 4
Connecting wires
Prototyping board
Power adapter

Component Description
Arduino UNO: The main part of the Tra c Light Controller is the controller itself. Arduino UNO
will serve the purpose in this project to handle all the switching of the LEDs and controlling
their timings.

LEDs: The LEDs used in the project are basic 5mm LEDs of Red, Yellow and Green colors. The
maximum current that can be allowed through these LEDs (Red, Yellow and Green in
particular) is 20mA. (Foe Blue LED, the maximum current can be up to 30mA).

Circuit Design
Since the project is a tra c light controller, the circuit consists of many LEDs (12 as a matter of
fact) as we are implementing tra c lights at a 4 way intersection. The project is a simple
representation of tra c light controller and hence no other extra components are used.

We need three LEDs of Red, Yellow and Green colors at each intersection. The intersection is
divided in to four lanes: Lane1, Lane 2 Lane 3 and Lane 4.

All the LEDs are connected Electronics Project

to the Arduino Kits For
UNOs Students
digital I/O pinsClick Here respective current
through
limiting resistors of 1K.

All the connections are made as per the circuit diagram. The complete wiring diagram of the
circuit is shown below.
Note: In the practical implementation of the project, we did not use the current limiting
resistors as the current from each digital I/O pin of the Arduino UNO is only 20mA. This small
current will not burn the LED. But it is advised to use the current limiting resistors of at least
220 in series with each LED.

Also note that Arduino UNO in this project acts as source of current for all the LED i.e. it
provides the necessary current to turn ON the LED. Hence, a reliable power supply (like a DC
adapter) to power the Arduino UNO must be used.

Working of the Tra c Light Controller Project

The real time tra c light controller is a complex piece of equipment which consists of power
cabinet, main controller or processor, relays, control panel with switches or keys,
communication ports etc.

In this project, a simple tra c light system for a 4 way intersection is implemented using
Arduino UNO. Although it is not the ideal implementation for real life scenarios, it gives an idea
of the process behind the tra c light control system

The aim of the project is to implement a simple tra c light controller using Arduino UNO,
where the tra c is controlled in a pre-de ned timing system. The working of the project is very
simple and is explained below.

Consider the following gif image showing a loop of tra c light operations. The project is also
implemented in the same manner.
 DIY Project Kit: Density Based Tra c Signal with Remote Override in Emergency

In that, rst the Lane 1 gets its Green light turned. Hence, in all the other Lanes, their
corresponding Red lights are turned on. After a time delay of prede ned time say 5 seconds,
the Green light in the Lane 3 must be turned on and the Green light in the Lane 1 must be
turned o .
As a warning indicator, the Yellow light in Lane 1 is tuned on indicating that the red light is
about to light up. Similarly, the yellow light in the Lane 3 is also turned as an indication that the
green light about to be turned on.

The yellow lights in Lanes 1 and 3 are turned for a small duration say 2 seconds after with the
red light in the Lane 1 is turned on and green light in Lane 3 is also turned on.

The green light in Lane 3 is also turned on for a prede ned time and the process moves
forward to Lane 4 and nally Lane 2.

The system then loops back to Lane 1 where the process mentioned above will be repeated
all over again.

Note:The project implemented here doesnt include the pedestrian crossing and pedestrian
signaling in to consideration.

Limitations
The project is not suitable for actual implementation but just a demonstration of the
process behind the system.
Real time tra c light controller systems are generally run time programmable i.e. the
operator (usually a policeman) can change the timings of each lane as per the intensity
of the tra c in each lane.
There will also be a provision for either manual operation or pre-programmed operation.

Applications
A simple tra c light controller is implemented in this project with a real chance of
expansion.
An external memory can be interface with the main controller so that the timings are not
xed during its programming but rather can be programmed during operation.
An e cient tra c light controller system will include a pedestrian signaling system.

Project Images
 Arduino Tra c Light Controller

Project Code

1 int Lane1[] = {13,12,11}; // Lane 1 Red, Yellow and Green

2 int Lane2[] = {10,9,8};// Lane 2 Red, Yellow and Green
3 int Lane3[] = {7,6,5};// Lane 3 Red, Yellow and Green
4 int Lane4[] = {4,3,2};// Lane 4 Red, Yellow and Green
5
6 void setup()
7 {
8 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
9 {
10 pinMode(Lane1[i], OUTPUT);
11 pinMode(Lane2[i], OUTPUT);
12 pinMode(Lane3[i], OUTPUT);
13 pinMode(Lane4[i], OUTPUT);
14 }
15 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
16 {
17 digitalWrite(Lane1[i], LOW);
18 digitalWrite(Lane2[i], LOW);
19 digitalWrite(Lane3[i], LOW);
20 digitalWrite(Lane4[i], LOW);
21 }
22
23 }
24
25 void loop()
26 {
27 digitalWrite(Lane1[2], HIGH);
28 digitalWrite(Lane3[0], HIGH);
29 digitalWrite(Lane4[0], HIGH);
30 digitalWrite(Lane2[0], HIGH);
31 delay(7000);
32 digitalWrite(Lane1[2], LOW);
33 digitalWrite(Lane3[0], LOW);
34 digitalWrite(Lane1[1], HIGH);
35 digitalWrite(Lane3[1], HIGH);
36 delay(3000);
37 digitalWrite(Lane1[1], LOW);
38 digitalWrite(Lane3[1], LOW);
39 digitalWrite(Lane1[0], HIGH);
40 digitalWrite(Lane3[2], HIGH);
41 delay(7000);
42 digitalWrite(Lane3[2], LOW);
43 digitalWrite(Lane4[0], LOW);
44 digitalWrite(Lane3[1], HIGH);
45 digitalWrite(Lane4[1], HIGH);
46 delay(3000);
47 digitalWrite(Lane3[1], LOW);
48 digitalWrite(Lane4[1], LOW);
49 digitalWrite(Lane3[0], HIGH);
50 digitalWrite(Lane4[2], HIGH);
51 delay(7000);
52 digitalWrite(Lane4[2], LOW);
53 digitalWrite(Lane2[0], LOW);
54 digitalWrite(Lane4[1], HIGH);
55 digitalWrite(Lane2[1], HIGH);
56 delay(3000);
57 digitalWrite(Lane4[1], LOW);
58 digitalWrite(Lane2[1], LOW);
59 digitalWrite(Lane4[0], HIGH);
60 digitalWrite(Lane2[2], HIGH);
61 delay(7000);
62 digitalWrite(Lane1[0], LOW);
63 digitalWrite(Lane2[2], LOW);
64 digitalWrite(Lane1[1], HIGH);
65 digitalWrite(Lane2[1], HIGH);
66 delay(3000);
67 digitalWrite(Lane2[1], LOW);
 68 digitalWrite(Lane1[1], LOW);
69 }

Arduino Traffic Light Controller hosted with by GitHub view raw

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FILED UNDER: ARDUINO

Comments

MinThuAung says
OCTOBER 11, 2016 AT 10:10 AM

Please EH,
show me a arduino program and schematic for density based tra c light system with ir
obstacle sensor.
Im waiting,please.

Reply

Anusha says
JULY 20, 2017 AT 2:49 AM

Hi, We will implement the project and update it as early as possible. Stay tuned.

Reply

AbdulRehman says
MARCH 7, 2017 AT 11:57 AM

Please send me the presentation or PPT le of this project

Reply
 theodil says
JUNE 15, 2017 AT 8:59 AM

thank you code working but LED light in disorder

Reply

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