COM413 – Principles of Communication

COMMUNICATION  1887 – Heinrich Hertz discovers radio waves and Guglielmo

 is the process of exchanging of information from source to Marconi demonstrates wireless radio wave propagation.
destination.  1895 – Guglielmo Marconi discovered ground-wave radio signals.
 refers to the sending, receiving and processing of information by  1903 – John Ambrose Fleming invented the two-electrode vacuum
electronic means. tube rectifier.
 is a process whereby information is transferred from one point in  1905 – Guglielmo Marconi invented the directional radio antenna.
space and time, called the source, to another point, the destination.  1906 – Reginald Fessenden invented amplitude modulation (AM)
and demonstrates the first electronic voice communication.
TWO MAIN BARRIERS OF HUMAN COMMUNICATION  1906 – Lee De Forest invented the triode vacuum tube.
 Language  1914 – Hiram Maxim founding of American Radio Relay League, the
 Distance first amateur radio organization.
 1918 – Major Edwin Armstrong develops the superheterodyne
MESSAGE / INFORMATION receiver.
 1920 – Radio station KDKA broadcast the first regular licensed
 is the physical manifestation of the information as produced by the
source. radio transmission out of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
 1923 – Vladimir Zworykin invents and demonstrates television.
 1931 – Major Edwin Armstrong invented frequency modulation
TWO TYPES OF SIGNALS
(FM).
 1935 – Commercial FM radio broadcasting with monophonic
1. ANALOG SIGNAL – are time-varying voltages of currents that are
transmission.
continuously changing.
 1937 – Alec Reeves invents binary-coded pulse-code modulation
(PCM).
2. DIGITAL SIGNAL – are voltages or currents that change in discrete
steps or levels.  1939 – NBC demonstrates television broadcasting. United States
was first use of two-way radio communications using “walkie-
talkies.”
HISTORY OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS
 1940 – Britain and US, invention and perfection of radar.
 1946 – The AT&T Company was the first mobile telephone system
 1830 – American scientist and professor Joseph Henry transmitted
for the public called MTS.
the first practical electrical signal.
 1948 – John Von Neumann creates of the first stored program
 1837 – Samuel F.B. Morse invented the telegraph.
electronic digital computer and Bell Laboratories invents the
 1843 – Alexander Bain invented the facsimile. transistor.
 1861 – Johann Phillip Reis completed the first nonworking  1953 – RCA / NBC was the first color TV broadcast.
telephone.
 1957 – Russia launches the world’s first satellite.
 1864 – James Clerk Maxwell released his paper “Dynamical Theory
 1958 – Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce invented the integrated circuits
of the Electromagnetic Field”
(IC).
 1866 – The United States and England was the first trans-Atlantic
 1965 – First commercial communications satellite launched.
telegraph cable laid.
 1970 – HDTV introduced in Japan.
 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas A. Watson invented the
 1977 – First commercial use of optical fiber cables.
telephone.
 1983 – Cellular telephone networks introduced in US.
 1877 – Thomas Edison invented the phonograph.
 1999 – DTV transmission begins in the United States.
 1879 – George Eastman invented the photography.
 1880 – Heinrich Hertz discovers electromagnetic waves.

Prepared by: ENGR. MARK JOMMEL S. NASOL

 COM413 – Principles of Communication
ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 4. NOISE – random and unpredictable electrical signals from natural
- is the totality of mechanism that provides information link sources both internal and external to the system.
between source and destination.

ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

1. TRANSMITTER (TX) - is a collection of electronic components and

circuits designed to convert the message into a signal suitable for
transmission in a communication medium.

2. TRANSMISSION CHANNEL or MEDIUM

- is the electrical connection between the transmitter and
receiver bridging the gap between the source and
destination.

3. RECEIVER (RX) – is a collection of electronic components and circuits

that accept the signal from the medium and convert it back into the
form of understandable by humans.

UNWANTED AND UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS ENCOUNTERED IN THE

MEDIUM

1. ATTENUATION – is a progressive decrease of signal power or power

density as distance increases.

2. DISTORTION – is a signal alteration due to imperfect response of the

system.

3. INTERFERENCE – extraneous signal usually man-made, that comes

into the system in the form similar to the original signal.

Prepared by: ENGR. MARK JOMMEL S. NASOL