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1. This document provides tutorial problems related to ordinary differential equations and multivariate calculus. It includes problems verifying functions as solutions to differential equations, obtaining general solutions to differential equations, finding particular solutions given initial conditions, and solving applied problems involving rates of change, cooling, growth, radioactive decay, mixtures, and integrating factors. 2. Specific problems include verifying functions as solutions, obtaining general solutions, finding particular solutions given initial conditions for 1st order linear and nonlinear differential equations, applied problems involving cooling, growth, mixtures, and integrating factors. 3. The document contains 12 practice problems covering a range of skills in ordinary differential equations and multivariate calculus including separation of variables, exact equations, homogeneous equations, linear

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RUTUJA MADHURE
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138 views2 pages

Tutorial 1 PDF

1. This document provides tutorial problems related to ordinary differential equations and multivariate calculus. It includes problems verifying functions as solutions to differential equations, obtaining general solutions to differential equations, finding particular solutions given initial conditions, and solving applied problems involving rates of change, cooling, growth, radioactive decay, mixtures, and integrating factors. 2. Specific problems include verifying functions as solutions, obtaining general solutions, finding particular solutions given initial conditions for 1st order linear and nonlinear differential equations, applied problems involving cooling, growth, mixtures, and integrating factors. 3. The document contains 12 practice problems covering a range of skills in ordinary differential equations and multivariate calculus including separation of variables, exact equations, homogeneous equations, linear

Uploaded by

RUTUJA MADHURE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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Indian Institute of Information Technology Pune

Ordinary Differential Equations and Multivariate Calculus

Tutorial 1

1. Verify that the following functions are solutions of the corresponding differential
equations (a,b,c,are arbitrary constants).
p
(a) y = sin−1 xy, xy 0 + y = y 0 1 − x2 y 2
(b) x2 + y 2 = 1, x + yy 0 = 0
(c) y = ce−x + x2 − 2x, y 0 + y = x2 − 2
(d) y 2 − 2x2 = c, yy 0 = 2x
Z x
x2 2
(e) y=e e−t dt, y 0 = 2xy + 1
0
(f) y = a cos πx + b sin πx, y 00 + π 2 y = 0
(g) y = − sin x + ax2 + bx + c, y 000 = cos x

2. Obtain the general solution of each of the following differential equations:


(a) y 0 = 2 sec 2y (b) y 0 = (y + 9x)2
(c) xy 0 = y 2 + y (d) xy 0 = y + x cos2 (y/x)
dy x sin x 1
(e) = y (f ) y 0 =
dx 2e sinh yp (x + 1)(x2 + 1)
(g) xdy − ydx = x x2 + y 2 dx (h) 3ex tan y dx + (1 − ex ) sec2 y dy = 0
x x
(i) (x + 2y)dx + (2x + y)dy = 0 (j) (1 + 2e y ) + 2e y (1 − xy )y 0 = 0
(k) (2x + 2y + 1)dx + (x + y − 1)dy = 0 (l) (2x − y + 1)dy − (x + 2y + 3)dx = 0
3. Find the particular solution of each of the following differential equations:
(a) (x + p2)y 0 − xy = 0; y(0) = 1 (b) y 0 = y(y 2 − 1); y(0) = 2
(c) (y + x2 + y 2 )dx − xdy = 0; y(1) = 0 (d) ex y 0 = 2(x + 1)y 2 ; y(0) = 1/6
dI
(e) L + RI = 0; I(0) = I0 (f ) xy 0 = y + 3x4 cos2 ( xy ); y(1) = 0
dt
(g) xy 0 = y + 4x5 cos2 ( xy ); y(2) = 0 (h) x3 (sin y)y 0 = 2; y(x) → π/2 as x → +∞

4. A thermometer reading 50 c, is brought into a room whose temperature is 220 c.


One minute later the thermometer reading is 120 c. How long does it take until
reading is 21.90 c?

5. Experiments show that the rate of inversion of cane sugar in dilute solution is
proportional to the concentration y(t) of unaltered sugar. Let the concentration
be 1/100 at t = 0 and 1/300 at t = 4 hours. Find y(t).

6. Water at temperature 1000 c cools in 10 min to 800 c in a room temperature 250 c.


Find the temperature of water after 20 min. How long does it take to reach the
temperature 400 c?

7. If the growth rate of the amount of yeast at any time t is proportional to the
amount present at that time and doubles in 1 week, how much yeast can be
expected after 2 weeks? after 4 weeks?
8. If a fossilized tree is claimed to be 4000 years old, what should be its 14 C6
content expressed as a percent of the ratio of 14 C6 to 12 C6 in a living organism?

9. A tank contains 5000 liters of fresh water. Salt water which contains 100 gms
of salt per liter flows into it at the rate of 10 liters per minutes and the mixture
kept uniform by stirring, runs out of the same rate. When will the tank contains
200, 000 gms of salt?

10. Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for M (x, y)dx + N (x, y)dy = 0
∂M ∂N
to be exact is = .
∂y ∂x
11. Verify that (y + 1)/x4 is an integrating factor of the differential equation 3(y +
1)dx = 2xdy. Solve it by using this I.F. and otherwise.

12. Test for exactness. If exact solve it. If not use the I.F. Also if initial conditions
are given, find the corresponding particular solution.

(a) 3x(xy − 2)dx + (x3 + 2y)dy = 0


(b) (cos x cos y − cot x)dx − sin x sin ydy = 0
2 2
(c) (y 2 exy + 4x3 )dx + (2xyexy − 3y 2 )dy = 0
(d) (sin x cosh y)dx − (cos x sinh y)dy = 0
(e) e−y dy + e−x (−e−y + 1)dy = 0
2
(f) (2xydx + dy)ex = 0, y(0) = 2
(g) (2xlogx − xy)dy + 2ydx = 0
(h) y 2 ln xdx = xdy + ydx
 
(i) cos
x+3
y
dx − (sin y ln(5x + 15) − 1/y)dy = 0

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