TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

THAPATHALI CAMPUS

Strutural Dynamics(Elective-I) year/part:IV/I

SDOFS Tutorial-1

Numericals
1.Determine the natural frequency of the system as shown in fig. consisting of weight 50.7
pounds(lb) attached in the cantilever beam.[Ans:f=1.32Hz,T=0.76sec]

2. Determine the natural frequency of the system as shown in fig. consisting of weight 50.7
pounds(lb) attached in the cantilever beam.[Ans:f=2.394Hz,T=0.417sec]

3.An elevated tank is pulled by a steel cable applying a 30KN force.The tank is pulled horizontally by
5cm.The cable is suddenly cut and the resulting free vibration is recorded and at the end of 5 cycles,
The time is 2 sec and the amplitude is 2cm.Determine[IOE 2072 chaitra]
a.The damping ratio[Ans:0.029]
b.Natural period of undamped vibration[Ans:15.707rad/sec]
c.Effective Stiffness[Ans:600KN/M]
d.Effective weight[Ans:23.857KN]
e.Damping coefficient[Ans:2.215 kNsec/m]
f.No. of cycles required for the displacement for amplitude of decrease 0.5cm.[ Ans:12.63 cycles]

4. A control console containing delicated instrument is to be located on the floor of a test laboratory
where it has been determined that the floor slab is vibrating vertically with the amplitude of 0.03 in
at 20Hz.if the weight of the console is 800 lb, determine the stiffness of the vibration isolation
system required to reduce the vertical-motion amplitude of the console to
0.005in.[Ans:4.675kips/in]
5. A Sieving Machine weights 6,500 lb, and when operating at full capacity, it exerts a harmonic force
on its supports of 700 lb amplitude at 1200Hz. After mounting the machine on spring type vibration
isolators, it was found that the harmonic force exerted on the supports had been reduced to 50 lb
amplitude.Determine the spring stiffness K of the isolation system.[Ans:766229294.8 lb/ft]

6. An air conditioning unit of mass 1,600 kg is placed in the middle of an 8ft long simply supported
beam(E=30,000 kips/in2,I=10 in4) of the negligible mass. The motor runs at 300rpm and produces an
unbalanced load of 60 lb. Assuming a damping ratio of 1%, Determine the steady-state amplitude
and acceleration of the response.[Ans:0.002034 in,2.007 in/s2]

7. For an SDOFs system initially with mass(m), stiffness (k) has frequency of 4 Hz after then system
mass is increased by 5lb so that its frequency will be 3Hz.dtermine the stiffness and mass of above
system.[Ans: m=6.428 lbSec2/in, K=10.52 lb/in]

8.A sensitive instrument with wt. 100lb is to be installed at a location where the vertical acceleration
is 0.1 at a frequency of 10Hz. This instrument is mounted or rubber pad of stiffness 80lb/in and
damping such that the damping ratio for the system is 10%.
a.What acceleration is transmitted to the instrument?
b.if the instrument can tolerate only an acceln of 0.005g.Suggest a solution assuming that the same
rubber pad is to be used.Provide numerical result [Ans:a)0.0104g,b) taking wt=250lb accln=0.004g]

9.Assume that the mass and stiffness of the structure shown below are as follows:
m=2kips.sec2/in, K=40kips/in.If the system is set into free vibration with the initial conditions
v(0)=0.7in and v'(0)5.6 in/sec
Determine the displacement and velocity at t=1.0 secs,assuming:
C=0(undamped system
C=2.8 kips.sec/in)[Ans:a)-1.382in,1.708 in/sec b) -0.753in , 1.125 in/sec]

10.Assume that the mass and stiffness of the system of the structure of problem 9 are m=5
kips.sec2/in and K=20kips/in,and that it is un-damped. If the initial displacement is V(0)=1.8 in,and
the displacement at t=1.2 sec is also 1.8in,determine:
a) the displacement at t=2.4 sec
b) the amplitude of free vibration [Ans:a)-4.455 in b) 4.968in]

11.The weight W of the building of the figure drawn manually shown below is 200kips and the
building is set into free vibration by releasing it (at time t=0) from a displacement of 1.20 in .If the
maximum displacement on the return swing is 0.86in at time t=0.64 sec.Determine:
a) the later spring stiffness K
b) the damping ratio ξ
c) the damping coefficient C
[Ans: a)K=49.93kips/sec b) ξ=5.3% c) C=0.539 kips.sec/in]
12.The steel frame shown below support a rotating machine which experts a horizontal force at
girder level P(t)=10sin20t KN assuming 5%of critical damping determine.
a)steady state amplitude and
b) Maximum dynamic stress in the column.Assume girder is rigid column size 240x240mm.
[Ans: a)1.81mm, b)7271.701KN/m2]

13.Consider the frame shown in figure of Q.no12 be subjected to Vg(t)=0.005sin30t m.Determine.

a) Transmissibility ratio (T.R)
b).maximum stress in the column[Ans:a)1.305,b)6231.77 KN/m2]

14.A 3m high,8m wide single-bay-single-storey frame is rigidly joint with a beam of mass 5,000kg
and columns of negligible mass and stiffness of EI=4.5x103 KNm2.Calculate the natural frequency in
lateral vibration and its period.Find the force required to deflect the frame 2.5mm
laterally.[Ans:28.88 rad/sec,0.22 secs, 100KN).
A jack applied of 100KN and then instantaneously released.On the first return swing a deflection of
19.44mm was noted. The period of motion was measured at 0.223sec.Assuming that the stiffness of
the columns cannot change,Find
the effective weight of the beam
the damping ratio
the coefficient of damping
the un-damped frequency and period, and
the amplitude after 5 cycles.
[Ans:a)50.3KN,b)4%,c)11347.68kg/sec d)28.2 rad/sec,0.222sec e) 7.115 secs]

15.An SDOF system (m=20kg, K=350N/m) is given an initial displacement of 10mm and initial velocity
of 100mm/s.
a).Find the natural frequency
b).the period of vibration
c).the amplitude of vibration, and
d).the time at which the third maximum peak occurs.
[Ans:a)4.138 rad/sec b)1.502 sec c) 25.914mm, d) 3.285 secs]

16.Consider a heavy mass of weight W on the following beam system:

Assuming the damping ratio of the beam is ξ=10%. If the displacement ,V(t) corresponds to the
displacement of beam at the location of the attached weight, and if the system is given an initial
displacement of 0.5in and an initial velocity of 15 in/sec. determine the following:[IOE 2065
shrawan]
a.write the equation of the motion of the system-what type of system is it
(i.e.,underdamped,critically damped,overdamped)?[Ans:underdamped]
b.the undamped natural frequency (ω) and period (T) of the system[Ans:92.615,0.0678sec]
c.the damped natural frequency(ωD) and period(TD) of the system[Ans:92.150,0.0681sec]
d.the critical damping coefficient[Ans:2.399 kips.sec/in]
e.phase angle of the vibrating motion,θ[Ans:23.076°]
f.the peak displacement at time t=TD+θ/ω[Ans:0.0725sec,0.2664 in ]
g.the logarithmic decrement[Ans:0.6314]

17.With a purpose to determine the dynamic properties of a frame system for which it has lost the
orginal blueprints,it is decided to do a free vibration test of the frame system.with the help of a
hydraulic jack,a jacketing force is applied to displace the frame .with a jacketing force 20 kips it is
noted that the frame has displaced by 0.2in.After jacketing the frame, the frame is released from the
jack and its motion is recorded. On the first swing after release, the frame does not come back to the
release point but rather only 0.16 in towards it.the recorded time between the time of release and
the first swing return of 0.16in is 1.4 seconds.
Determine the following.

a.natural frequency(ω)[4.487]
b.Mass of the girder(m)[4.966 kips.sec2/in]
c.logorthmic decrement[0.222]
d.Damping ratio(ξ)[0.0354]
e.Damping coefficient (C)[1.577 kips.sec/in]
f.Damping frequency (ωD)[4.484 rad/sec]
g.Amplitude of the frame after 6 cycles ,V6[0.0526in]
h.plot the time history response of the system,V(t)
18.Estimate the natural frequency ,Undamped natural period , and fraction of critical damping of the
following time series:[ans:ω=3.14 rad/sec, ωD=3.13 rad/sec,ξ=2%]

19.A steel rigid frame, as shown in figure,supports a rotating machine,which exerts a horizontal
force at the girder level of 50,000sin11t N.Assuming 4% critical damping,what is the steady state
amplitude of vibration? I for columns=1500x10-7 m4, E=21x1010 N/m2.[Ans:21.3mm]

20.To cut down the vibratory motion transmitted by aircraft engines at 2000rpm,to the instruments,
the instrument boards are mounted on isolators in an aircraft,if the isolator,assumed to have zero
damping,deflects by 0.3cm under a weight of 50kg,find the %of amplitude of the motion transmitted
to the instrument board from the engine.[Ans:ω=57.184 rad/sec, T.R=8.05%]

21.A centrifugal fan weights 50kg and has rotating unbalanced of 25kg.cm. when dampers having
damping factor ξ=0.2 are used,specify the springs for mounting such that only 10% of the unbalance
force is transmitted to the floor.Also determine the magnitude of the transmitted force.The fan is
running at a constant speed of 1000rpm.[Ans:P0=2740N ,T.R=10% ,Pmax= 274KN,
β=4.72,K=25074kg/m]

22.For the system with a damping ratio ξ, determine the number of the free vibration cycles
required to reduce the displacement amplitude to 10 % of the initial amplitude;the initial velocity is
zero.[Ans:0.3664/ξ]

23.A machine part having a mass of 2.5kg vibrates in a viscous medium. A harmonic exciting force of
30KN acts on the part and causes resonant amplitude of 14mm with a period of 0.22sec.Find the
damping coefficient .If the frequency of the exciting force is changed to 4Hz,also determine the
increase in the amplitude of the forced vibration upon the removal of the damper.[Ans: case-I
ξ=0.525,k=2039.184N/m,C=75.03 N.S/m and case-ii ξ=0% , β=0.88, 65.22mm]

24.The stiffness and damping properties of a mass-spring-damper system are to be determine by a

free vibration test;the mass is given as m=0.1 ld-sec2/in.In this test the mass is displaced 1 in.by a
hydraulic jack and then suddenly released. At the end of 20 complete cycles, the time is 3 sec.and
the amplitude is 0.2 in.Determine the stiffness and damping Coefficients.
[ξ=0.0128,K=175.452 lb/in,C=0.01723 lb.sec/in]
25.A machine weighting 250 lb is mounted on a supporting system consisting of four springs and
four dampers.The vertical deflection of the supporting system under the weight of the machine is
measured as 0.8in. The dampers are designed to reduce the amplitude of vertical vibration to one-
tenth of the initial amplitude after two complete cycles of free vibration ,Find the following
properties of the system: (a) undamped natural frequency , (b) damping ratio and (c).damped
natural frequency .Comment on the effect of damping on the natural frequency.[Ans: (a)21.965
rad/sec , (b)ξ=18.02% , (c) 21.605 rad/sec]

Therory

1. Define and Explain simple harmonic motion.[IOE 2071 Chaitra]

2.What is Dynamic magnification factor ? What are the factors influencing dynamic magnification
factor? Explain with suitable curves plot.[IOE 2067 Ashad,2072 chaitra]

3.What are the methods of evaluation of damping in the system?Explain any one method.[IOE 2070
chaitra]

4.a)Show that the steady-state response of an SDOF system to a cosine force,[IOE 2065 sharawn]

b)Show that the maximum deformation due to cosine force is the same as that due to sinusoidal
force.

5.For a SDOF system is subjected to a triangular pulse load of amplitude P0 and during ‘t1’ as shown
in figure below.Determine the response of the undamped system during forced vibration and free
vibration phase.[IOE 2072 chaitra]
6.Determine the response for a spring mass system when it is subjected to a rectangular impulse as
shown in figure below.Solve this problem using Duhamel’s integral.[IOE 2072 chaitra]

7. write in berief the principles and concepts of:[IOE]

a)Transmissiblility Ratio
b)Response of a SDOF to a periodic loading expressed in exponential form
c)Duhamel integral and its limitations
d)Dirac-Delta Function and Unit Impulse Response Function
e)principles of seismic Instruments
f)Vibration Isolation and Transmissibility
g)Logarthmic Decrement
h)Response of SDOF to ramp loading
i)Dynamic magnification factor and amplitude of motion
k) Dynamic magnification factor v.s Frequency ratio
l)Unit impulse and Response to unit impulse
m)steady-state response of a damped SDOF due to support motion given ṻg= ṻgosinŵt
n)overdamped SDOFs response
0)Complex frequency Response Function