EE6405 – Control System Engineering

2014-2015
IV SEMESTER

QUESTIONS BANK

DEPARTMENT
OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

MOOKAMBIGAI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

SRINIVASA NAGAR, KALAMAVUR –622 502.
UNIT 1 CONTROL SYSTEMS MODELING
PART –A (2 MARKS)

1. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using transfer function. (Nov 2006)

2. Write the analogy of V, I, L, R in translational mechanical system. (Nov 2006)

3. What is an error detector in a control system? (Nov 2007)

4. Write a force equation for the figure shown. (Nov 2007)

5. Find the output of the block diagram shown. (Nov 2007)

6. What are the basic elements in m\translational and rotational mechanical systems?
(Nov 2009)
7. State the block diagram simplification rule for removing feedback loop (May 2009)
8. Draw the analogous electrical network for the mechanical system in Figure 1 using force-
voltage analogy.

(May 2010)

9. Compare the open loop system with closed loop system. (May 2010, Nov 2010)
10. What is meant by block diagram of a control system? What are the basic components of a
block diagram? (Nov 2011)
11. Define open loop system and closed loop system. (May 2011, Nov 2011)
12. What are the properties of signal flow graph? (May 2012)
13. Define the resistance and capacitance of liquid level system. (Nov 2013)
14. Name any two dynamic models used to represent control systems. (June 2013)
15. Write down transfer function whose block diagram shown.
(April 2011, Nov2012, May 2011)

16. What are the advantages of closed loop systems? (April 2011, May2012, Nov 2012)
17. Write Mason’s gain formula. (June 2013,Nov 2009, May 2014)
18. Define transfer function. (Nov 2013, Nov 2010, May 2009)
19. What are the characteristics of negative feedback? (May 2014)

PART – B (16 Marks)

1. Obtain the mathematical model of a field controlled motor and hence obtain the transfer
function. ( May 2004)
2. Obtain the mathematical model of the following mechanical systems shown. (May 2004)

3. Convert the block diagram representation of a system as shown in figure into a signal flow
graph. Hence find the transfer function from signal flow graph. (May 2004)
4. The system shown is initially at equilibrium with r=1 and d=0 A step function disturbance
d(t)=u(t) is then initiated at t=0. Determine the response for t>0. (May 2004)

d(s) c(s)
r(s)
3/2s 2/(s+4)

5. Obtain mathematical model for the mechanical system shown. (Nov 2006)
6. With the example of your choice, explain the block diagram reduction and obtain the
transfer function. (Nov 2006)
7. Determine the transfer function relating C and R for the block diagram shown. Use
Mason’s gain formula. (Nov 2006)

8. A block diagram of a unity feedback system is shown. Find damping constant , damping
frequency, delay time , maximum overshoot rise time and the time at which maximum
overshoot takes place for A= 200. (Nov 2006)

R(s) A/(s2+5s+
6) C(s)

9. Obtain an analogous electrical network for the system given. (Nov 2007)

10. Explain the rules for block diagram reduction and hence find the transfer function for the
figure shown. (Nov 2007)
11. For the system represented by the following equations, find the X(s)/U(s) by signal flow
graph technique.
a. X=x1+β3u
b. X10=-α1x1+x2+ β2u
c. X20=-α2x1+β1u (Nov 2009)
12. Determine the transfer function of the following network.

(Nov 2009)
13. Draw the equivalent mechanical system of the system shown in figure. Write the set of
equilibrium equations for it and obtain analogous circuits using F-V analogy and F-I
analogy. (May 2009)

14. Reduce the block diagram to its canonical form and obtain C(s)/R(s). (May 2009)
R(s) G2 C(s
G1
)

H H2

15. Find C(s)/R(s) by mason’s gain formula for the signal flow graph shown in Figure
(May 2009)

16. Determine the transfer function for the system having the block diagram as shown in
Figure 3.

(May 2010)
17. Determine the transfer function of the network in Figure 4.

(May 2010)
18. Determine the transfer function of the transistor’s hybrid model shown in Figure 5 using

signal flow graph. (May 2010)

19. The transfer function of a system is given by, Determine

(1) Poles
(2) Zeros
(3) Characteristics equation
(4) Pole-zero plot in s-plane. (Nov 2010)

20. Find Transfer function for the following Signal flow graph (Nov 2010)

21. Reduce the block diagram to its canonical form and obtain C(s)/R(s) (Nov 2010)

22. Give the comparison between block diagram and signal flow graph methods (Nov 2010)
23. i) Draw the torque voltage equation electrical analogous circuit for the following
mechanical system shown.

ii) Obtain the transfer function for the electrical network given

(May 2011, Nov 2011)

24. For the signal flow graph shown below, find C(s)/R(s) by using Mason’s
Gain formula. (Nov 2011)

25. Find the transfer function of block diagram shown

below. (Nov 2011)

26. Consider the mechanical system shown below. Identify the variables and write differential
equation. (May 2012)
27. In the system shown in figure below R,L,C are electrical parameters while K,M and B are
mechanical parameters

Find the transfer function X(s)/E1(s) for the system where E1 (t) is input voltage
while x (t) is output displacement. (April 2011, Nov 2012)
28. i) A block diagram shown below.

Construct the equivalent signal flow graph and obtain C/R using mason’s formula
ii) For the block diagram shown below, find the output C due to R and Disturbance D

(May 2011, Nov 2012)

29. Derive the transfer function for Field controlled DC servo motor. (May 2011)
30. Write the differential equations governing the Mechanical rotational system shown in

fig. (May 2012)

31. Draw the Torque-voltage and Torque-current electrical analogous circuits. (May 2012)
32. Obtain the closed loop transfer function C(S)/R(S) of the system whose block

diagram is shown in fig. (May 2012)

33. State Mason’s gain formula and using it find

X2/X1 (Nov 2013)

34. Use Mason’s gain formula to obtain C(s)/R(s) of system

shown (Nov 2013)

35. Consider the mechanical system shown write the differential equations describing the
dynamics of the system and also draw the electrical analogy for the system.

(June 2013)
36. Find the transfer function of block diagram shown.

(June 2013)
37. Give the step by step procedure of determining transfer function using signal flow graph
(June 2013)
38. Find the transfer function of given block diagram using mason’s gain formula

(June 2013)

39. Determine the transfer function Y2(S)/F(S) of the system shown in fig.

(Nov 2013)

40. Write torque equations of the rotational system shown and find θ1(s)/T(s)
(May 2014)
41. Determine the overall transfer function of the system shown. (May 2014)

42. Derive the transfer function for Armature controlled DC servo motor. (May 2014)
43. Draw signal flow graph for the following system and obtain transfer function.(May 2014)
 UNIT II

TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS

PART – A (2 Marks)

1. What is the initial slope of a step response of a first order system? (May 2004)
2. Define rise time of a second order under damped system’s step response. (May 2004)
3. Define asymptotic stability. (May 2004)
4. Define gain margin and phase margin. (May 2004)
5. What is steady state error? (May 2004)
6. How system is classified based on damping factor? (Nov 2006)
15
7. For a system having G ( s ) = H ( s ) = 1. Find characteristic equation and ωn.
( s + 1)( s + 3)
(Nov 2006)
8. Differentiate transient response and steady state respons. (Nov 2006)
9. Why differentiators are used in system? (Nov 2007)

10. List the time domain specifications. (May 2009)

11. What is meant by steady state error? (Nov 2009)
12. What is the effect of Integral controller on the system performance? (Nov 2009)
13. What is meant by peak overshoot? (Nov 2010)
14. What is steady state error? (Nov 2010)
15. The block diagram shown in the Figure represents a heat treating oven. The set paint is
1000° C. What is the steady-state temperature? (May 2010)

( S + 2)
16. Determine error coefficients for the system having G ( S ) H ( S ) =
S (1 + 0.5S )(1 + 0.2 S )
(May 2010)
17. How is system classified depending on the value of damping? (May 2011)
18. What is transient and steady state response? (April 2011)
19. Define Peak time. (April 2011,Nov2012)
20. Why derivative controller is not used in control systems (May 2012,May 2011)
21. The damping ratio and natural frequency of oscillation of a second order system is 0.5 and
8 rad/sec respectively. Calculate resonant peak and resonant frequency.
(Nov 2011, May 2014)
22. Define rise time (Nov 2011)
23. List the advantages of generalized error constants. (May 2012)
24. What are transient response and steady state response of a control system? (Nov 2012)
 25. The closed-loop transfer function of second order system is
C(S)/R(S) =400/ S2 +2S +400. Determine the damping ratio and natural frequency of
oscillation. (June 2013)
26. Give the steady state errors to a various standard inputs for type 2 system. June 13
27. What are the units of Kp, Kv and Ka? (Nov 2013)
28. What is the effect of PI controller on the system performance? (Nov 2013)
29. What are the type 0 & type 1 system? (May 2014)
30. What is meant by rise time? (May 2014)

PART B (16 Marks)

1. Determine the damping ratio, undamped natural frequency for the system shown. What is
the response of the system to a unit step function r (t) =u (t) when initial conditions are
zero. (May 2004)
R(s
)
25/(s(s+2) C(s)
)

2. Discuss the time response behaviour of the second order system subjected to unit ramp
input and determine ess. (May 2004)

3. Explain the static error coefficient and determine the same for type 0 system. (Nov 2006)

4. A unity feedback control system has its open loop transfer function as
4s + 1
G (s) = .Determine the time response when the system is subjected to unit step
4s 2
input. (Nov 2006)

5. Determine the time response specifications and expression for output for unit step to the
systems having following system equation
d2y dy
i. 2
+ 5 + 16 y = 9 x Assume zero initial conditions. ( Nov 2007)
dt dt

6. Determine the unit step response foe the system shown. (May 2014)
7. Explain in detail the system response with PI,PID,PD controllers. (Nov 2010,Nov 2009)
8. A unity feedback system has G(s) =40(s+2)/(s(s+1) (s+4)). Determine type of the system,
all error coefficient and error for ramp input with magnitude of 4. (May 2009)
9. A second order system is given by C(s)/R(s =, 25/ (s2+6s+25)). Find its rise time, peak
time, peak overshoot and settling time if subjected to unit step input. Also calculate
expression for its output response. (May 2009)
10. Discuss the effect on the performance of a second order control system of the PD control.
(May 2009)
11. Figure shows PD controller used for the system will be critically damped. Calculate its
settling time . (May 2009)

R(s)
C(s)
1
4/(s(s+1.6))

STd

12. Obtain the impulse and step response of the following unity feedback control system with
open loop transfer function G(s) = 6/(s(s+5)). (Nov 2009)
13. A unity feedback control system is shown in Figure 6 below. By using derivative control
the damping ratio is to be made to 0.8. Determine the value of TD and compare the rise
time, peak time and maximum overshoot of the system.
 a. Without derivative control
b. With derivative control. The input to the system being unit step (May 2010)
2
14. Determine K to limit the error of a system for input 1+8t+18t to 0.8
K
having G ( s ) H ( s ) = 2 . (May 2010)
s ( s + 1)( s + 4)
15. The forward path transfer function of a unity feedback control system is given
2
by G ( s ) = . . Obtain the expression for unit step response of the system
s ( s + 3)
(May 2010)

16. Consider a unity feedback system with open-loop transfer function, G(s) =

Design a PID controller to satisfy the following specifications

(i) The Steady-State error for unit ramp input should be less than 0.08
(ii) Damping ratio = 0.8 and
(iii)Natural frequency of oscillation = 2.5 rad/sec. (Nov 2011)
17. State the expressions for the transfer function of the PID controller and for the
Open loop transfer functions of the compensated system. (Nov 2011)
18. i)Derive an expression to find steady state error of a closed loop control
System.
(ii) The closed loop transfer function of a second order system is s given by

T(s) = (Nov 2011)

19. Determine the damping ratio, natural frequency of oscillations, rise time, settling time and
peak overshoot. (Nov 2011)
20. A unity feedback system has the forward transfer function G(s) = K (2s+1)/[s (5s+1) (1+s)
2
].The input r (t) = 1+6t is applied. Determine the minimum value of K, if the steady error
is less than 0.1. (Nov 2012, May 2011)
21. With suitable block diagram and equations, explain the following types of controllers
employed in control systems: proportional controller ii) PI Controller iii) PID controller
iv) integral controller . (Nov 2012 , May2011)
22. A certain –ve feedback system has following forward path transfer function G(s)
=K(s+2)/[s(s+5)(4s+1)]. The input applied is R(T)= 1+3t.find the minimum value of K so
the steady state error is less than 1. (May 2012)
23. Discuss the effect of derivative control on the performance of 2nd order system.
( May 2012)
 24. Fig shows PD controller used for a system

Determine the value T4 so that

system will be critically damped Calculate its settling time. (May 2012)

25. The open loop Transfer function of a unity feedback system is G(s) = K(s (1+sT)) where
K and T are +ve constants. By what factor should amplifier gain be reduced so that peak
overshoot for unit step response is reduced from 75 % to 25% may 12 , Nov 2010
26. Find the response y (t) to an input of unit step function given to a second order system
when 0<ξ<1. (June 2013)
27. The unit impulse response of a unity feedback control system is given by c (t) = -te-t+2e-t,
(t>0) find the open loop transfer function. (June 2013)
28. A unity feedback control system whose open loop transfer function G(s) = 1/{s (0.5s+1)
(0.2s+1)}. Determine the steady state error for unit step, unit ramp, & unit acceleration
unit. Also find damping ratio and natural frequency of the dominant roots. (Nov 2013)
20
29. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by G ( s ) = .
s ( s + 2)
the input function r (t) =2+3t+t2. Determine generalized error coefficient and steady state
error. (May 2014)
30. The unity feedback system is characterized by an open loop transfer function G(s) =
K/{s(s+10)}. Determine K so that system will have a damping ratio of 0.5. For this value
of K determine settling time, peak overshoot and time to attain peak overshoot for a unit
step input. (May 2014, Nov 2012, May 2011)
31. The following diagram shows a unity feedback system with derivative control the
damping ratio is to be made 0.5. Determine the value of Td. (May 2014)
UNIT III

FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALAYSIS

PART – A (2 Marks)

1. What is the use of Nicholas Chart? ` (May 2004)

2. List any four frequency response specifications. (Nov 2006, May 2004)
3. For a stable system both GM and PM should be +ve. Justify the statement. (Nov 2006)
4. What are the disadvantages of Nicholas chart? (Nov 2006)
5. In type of controller, ess is constant improves only response whereas
controller increases and of system and improves response. ( Nov 2006)

6. What is compensation and what are compensators? ( May 2009)

7. What is commonly used for electrical compensating networks? (May 2009)
8. What is the need for compensator? (Nov 2009)
9. Nicholas chart is used determine response . (Nov 2007)
10. Draw polar plot of a lag lead compensator. (Nov 2007)

11. Define Phase Margin. (Nov 2013, May 2009, May 2014)
12. Define Gain Margin. (May 2009)
13. List the Frequency domain specifications. ( Nov 2010,Nov 2009)
14. Determine the frequency domain specification of a second order system when closed loop
C (s) 64
transfer function is given by = 2
R ( s ) s + 10 s + 64
(May 2010)
15. Derive the transfer function of a lead compensator network. ( May 2010)
16. What is Nichol’s chart? (April 2011)
17. What is meant by corner frequency in frequency response analysis?
( April 2011,Nov 2012 , May 2011, May 2014)
18. Draw the circuit of lead compensator and draw its pole zero diagram. ( May 2011)
19. Name the parameters which constitute frequency domain specifications. (Nov 2011)
20. What are the advantages of Nichol’s chart? (May 2012, Nov 2010)
21. Draw polar plot of an integral term transfer function. (June 2013)
22. Write MATLAB statements to draw the bode plot of the given system
Y (s) 4s + 6
= 3 . (June 2013, Nov 2011)
U ( s ) s + 3s 2 + 8 s + 6
23. State the property of a lead compensator. (Nov 2013)
24. Draw the polar plot of the function G(S) =1/ (1+sT). (May 2012)
25. What is Nicholas chart? (Nov 2012)

PART – B (16 Marks)

1. Sketch the bode plot for the following transfer function G(s) and determine the value of K
for the gain cross over frequency Wg to be 5 rad/ sec. (May 2004)
 ks 2
G (s) =
(1 + 0.2 s )(1 + 0.02 s )
2. A unity feedback system has an open loop transfer function G(s)= k/[s(s+1)(0.2s+1)].
Design a suitable phase lag compensator to achieve the following specifications: Kv=8 and
phase margin = 40 degree with usual solutions. (May 2004)
k
3. A unity feedback system has an open loop transfer function G ( s ) = . Design a
s ( s + 1)
suitable phase lead compensator to achieve the following specifications: Kv= 10 and phase
margin = 45 degree. (May 2004)
4. For an example of your choice, explain the procedure for bode plot and find gain margin
and phase margin. (Nov 2006)
5. Discuss the need for compensation in control systems. What are the different types?
Explain in detail. (Nov 2006)
k
6. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G ( s ) = .The system
s ( s + 2)
is to have 25% maximum overshoot and peak time of 1.0 sec. Determine the value of K
and tachometer feedback constant Kt. (Nov 2006)
K
7. For a unity feedback control system has G ( s ) = . Draw bode plot and fid
s ( s + 4)( s + 10)
Gain when Gain margin is 10dB. (Nov 2007)
8. Draw the circuit of a lag lead compensator and derive the transfer function. What are the
effects? Nov 2007
9. Draw and explain a typical circuit to demonstrate the action of Proportional and derivative
controller. Derive the transfer function. (Nov 2007)

10. A unity feedback control system has G(s) = 80/(s(s+2) (s+20)). Draw bode plot
.Determine Gain margin, Phase margin, gain crossover frequency, Phase crossover
frequency. Comment on stability. (May 2009)
11. Design a suitable lead compensator for a system with unity feedback and having open
loop transfer function, G(s)= K/(s(s+1)(s+4)) to meet the specifications as damping ratio -
0.5 and undamped natural frequency =2 rad/sec. ( May 2009)
12. Draw the bode plot for the G(s)H(s)= 10/(s(s+1)(s+10)) and obtain gain margin and phase
margin. (Nov 2009)
K
13. A unity feedback control system has G ( s ) = .Draw the bode plot. Find K
s ( s + 4)( s + 10)
when phase margin = 30°. (May 2010)
10
14. A unity feedback control system has G ( s ) = . Draw the nyquist plot and
s ( s + 1)( s + 2)
comment on closed loop stability. (May 2010 )
15. Sketch Bode plot for the following transfer function and determine the system gain K for
Ks 2
the gain cross over frequency to be 5 rad/sec G ( s ) = . (Nov 2010)
(1 + 0.2 s )(1 + 0.02 s )
16. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
1
G(s)= 2 . Sketch the polar plot and determine the phase margin and gain
s (1 + s )(1 + 2 s )
margin. (Nov 2010)
17. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system is

Design a suitable lag-lead compensator so as to meet the

following specifications Static velocity error constant Kv =10sec-1,phase margin=50deg
and gain margin≥ 10 dB. ( May 2011)

18. A unity feedback control system has, . Design a lead compensator such
that the closed loop system will satisfy the following specifications: Static velocity error
constant = 20 sec.
Phase margin = 50◦
Gain margin = 10 dB.
Draw the Bode plots and explain. (Nov 2011)
19. Sketch the Bode magnitude plot for the transfer function

. (Nov 2011)
20. For the given transfer function draw bode magnitude plot by showing slope contribution
from each pole and zero G(s) =k(s+3)/[s(s+1) (s+2)]. (May 2012)
21. For a unity feedback system with closed loop transfer function G(s)/ [1+G(s)]. Derive the
equations for the locus of constant M and N circles . (May 2012)
22. Write the procedure to obtain Nicholas chart from constant M circles. ( May 2012)
23. Write a mat lab program to examine the stability using bode plot for G(s) = 20/[s(s+2)
(s+8)]. Explain the code as to what variables & numbers mean a & also what action is
caused by each statement. State how you will interpret the result. (May 2012)

24. Given Find K for the following two cases: i)Gain margin = 6db
ii) phase margin = 45 deg. (Nov 2012, May 2011)
25. Draw the pole zero diagram of a lead compensator. Propose lead compensation using
electrical network. Derive the transfer function. Draw bode plots. (Nov 2012)
26. Sketch the Bode plot and hence find Gain cross over frequency, Phase cross over
frequency, Gain margin and Phase margin. and the stability of the system
G(S) = 100/{(1+0.1S) (1+0.2S). (June 2013, Nov 2011)
27. . Explain the procedure for lead compensation using bode plot. (June 2013)
28. For the given transfer function draw bode plot and fined gain cross over frequency G(s)-
20/ {s(1+3s)(1+4s)}. ( Nov 2013)
29. Discuss in detail about lead and lag networks. (Nov 2013)
30. The open loop transfer function of a system is given by
30
G (s) H ( s) = . Draw the bode plot and determine Gain margin and
s (1 + 0.5s )(1 + 0.08s )
phase margin. (May 2014)

31. Sketch the polar plot of the unity feedback system with open loop transfer
1
function G ( s ) = . Also find the frequency at which |G (j ω) |=1. (May 2014)
s ( s + 1) 2
32. What are the advantages and disadvantages of frequency response analysis? (May 2014)

UNIT IV
STABILITY ANALYSIS
PART – A (2 Marks)

1. What is the effect of addition of poles on root locus? (Nov 2006)

2. State Routh’s criterion. (Nov 2006)
3. What is angle criterion for root locus? (May 2009)
4. What is meant by dominant poles? ( Nov 2009)
5. Mention any MATLAB commands used for system stability analysis. Nov 2009
6. What are the effects of addition of open loop poles? (May 2010)
7. What is meant by BIBO stability? Nov 2010)
8. Using Routh criterion, determine the stability of the system represented by the
characteristic equation S4  +8S3 +18S2 +16S +50. Comment on the location of the
roots of characteristics equation. ( Nov
2010)
9. State the rule for obtaining the breakaway point in root locus. ( May 2011)
10. Define stability. ( May 2011, Nov 2011)
11. State two limitations of Routh stability criteria. (April 2011,Nov 2012, Nov 2011)
12. State the advantages of Nyquist stability Criterion over Routh stability Criterion.
(April 2011,Nov 2012)
13. State Nyquist stability Criterion. (June 13, May 2012,May 2010, May 2009)
14. What is root locus? (May 2012)
15. Write the necessary and sufficient condition for stability in routh stability criterion .
(June 2013)
16. State Nyquist stability Criterion for the closed loop system when open loop system is
stable. ( Nov 2013)
17. What are constant M and N circles? (Nov 2013)
18. What is meant by relative stability? (May 2014)
PART – B (16 Marks)
k ( s + b)
1. The open loop transfer function G ( s ) = & H ( s ) = 1 for the system shown in
s ( s + a)
figure. Prove that a part of root locus is a circle. (May 2004)

R(s
)
G(s) C(s)

H(s)

2. Prove that the breakaway points of the root locus are the solutions of dk/ds=0 where k is
the open loop gain of the system whose open loop transfer function G(s). (May 2004)

3. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback is given by

K
G (s) = .Apply Routh Hurwitz criterion and determine the value of K in
s ( sT1 + 1)( sT2 + 1)
terms of T1 and T2 for the system to be stable. (Nov 2006)

4. Draw Nyquist plot for a system with G(s) H(s) = 1/(s(s+1) (s+2)). Discuss its stability.
(Nov 2006)
k
5. Given G ( s ) = . Sketch the root locus plot and comment on stability.
s ( s + 1)( s + 3)
(Nov 2006)
6. Sketch the root locus for the following system and comment on stability
K ( s + 5)( s + 4)
a. G ( s ) H ( s ) = ,K >0 (Nov 2007)
( s + 3)( s + 1)

7. Explain mapping theorem and principles of argument and hence draw Nyquist plot for the
1
system whose open loop system transfer function is G ( s ) H ( s ) = .(Nov 2007)
s ( s + 2)

8. Examine the stability of Routh’s criterion s5+s4+2s3+2s2+3s+15=0. ( May 2009)

9. Find the range of K so that system with the characteristic equation, F(s) = s (s2+s+1)
(s+4)+k=0 will be stable using Routh’s criterion. (May 2009)
10. Draw the root locus plot for G(S)H(s) = K/(s(s+1)(s+2)). ( Nov 2009)
11. Explain how is closed loop stability determined from open loop frequency response using
Nicholas chart. ( Nov 2009)
6 5 4 3 2
12. The characteristic equation is s +3s +5s +9s +8s + (6+K) s+K=0. Determine the range of
K for the system to be stable. (Nov 2009)
13. Draw the root locus for the open-loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system
give below and determine.
 a. the value of K for G = 0.5
b. the value of K for marginal stability
c. The value of K at S = –4.

(May 2010)

14. Using Routh criterion, investigate the stability of a unity feedback control system whose
open-loop transfer function is given by

(May 2010)
15. Construct the Nyquist plot for system whose open loop transfer function is given by G(s)
K (1 + s ) 2
H(s)= .Find the range of K for stability. ( Nov 2010)
S3
16. A unity feedback is characterized by open loop transfer function.

Using routh stability criterion, calculate the range of

values of K for systems to be stable, Determine K which will cause the sustained
oscillations in the closed loop system. Also determine its frequency,. (May 2011)
17. State the rules for construction of the root locus for a feedback system.
(May 2011)
18. A certain unity negative feedback control system has the following open

19. loop transfer function Find the breakaway

a. points and draw Root Locus for 0<w<∞ . (Nov 2011)
20. Sketch the root locus of the system having G(s) =k/[s(s+2) (s+4)]. Find the K so that the
damping ratio of closed loop system is 0.5. ( May 2012, Nov 2010)
21. Determine the range of K for stability of unity feedback system whose open loop T.F is

using Routh stability criterion. ` (Nov 2012)

22. Consider the sixth order system with the characteristics equation S6
+2S5+8S4+12S3+20S2+16S+16 =0. Use Routh criterion determine the stability of the
system. ( June 2013,May 2012)
23. Sketch the root locus of the system having G(s)= k(s+3)/[s(s+1) (s+2)(s+4)] . (June 2013)
24. Sketch the root locus of the system having G(s)= k(s+3) (s+2)/[(s+1) (s-1)] . (Nov 2013)
25. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system is G(s)
26. = k/ [(s+2) (s+4) (s2+6s+25)]. By applying the routh criterion , discuss the stability of
closed loop system as a function of K. ( Nov 2013)
27. Draw the Nyquist plot for the system whose open loop transfer function is
G(S)H(S) =K/S (S+2) (S+10).Determine the range of K for which closed loop
system is stable. (May 2012 , May 2011)
28. Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with the open loop transfer function G(S)H(S)
=K(1+0.4S) (1+S) / (1+8S) (S-1).determine the range of values of K for which the
system is stable. (April 2011, Nov 2012, Nov 2011)
29. Draw the approximate root locus diagram for a closed loop system whose loop transfer

function is given by . Comment on stability. (Nov 2012)

30. Draw the root locus plot for the system whose open loop transfer function is given by
k
G (s) H ( s) = 2
. Find the marginal value of k which causes sustained
s ( s + 4)( s + 4 s + 13)
oscillations and the frequency of these oscillations. (May 2014)
k
31. The open loop transfer function is given by G ( s ) = . For this unity
s (1 + 0.1s )(1 + s )
feedback system, determine the value of k so that the gain margin is 6dB. ( May 2014)
32. By using Routh criterion, determine the stability of the system represented by following
equation.s5+s4+2s3+2s2+11s+10=0. ( May 2014)

UNIT V
STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS & DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
PART – A (2 Marks)

1. State sampling theorem. (Nov 2010,Nov 2009)

2. What are the advantages of state space analysis? (Nov 2009)
3. Write the properties of state transition matrix. (May 2010)
4. Determine the controllability of the system described by the state equation. (May2010)
5. Mention the need for state variables? (Nov 2010)
6. What is sampled data control system? (April 2011, Nov 2012)
7. Name the methods of state space representation for phase variables. (May 2011)
8. What is alias in sampling process? (Nov 2011)
9. How the modal matrix is determined? (May 2012)
10. What is meant by quantization? (May 2012,May 2011)
11. Define state and state variable . ( April 2011,June 2013, Nov 2012)
12. What are the advantages of state space representation? (June 2013, Nov 2011)
13. Define state equation . (Nov 2013)
14. Give the concept of controllability . (Nov 2013)
15. Draw the circuit diagram for sample and hold circuit. (May 2014)
16. What are the properties of state transition matrix? ( May 2014)

PART B (16 Marks)

 Y (s) s+3
1. i) Using cascade method decompose the transfer function = 2 and the state
U (s) s + s + 1
model.

ii)Obtain state space representation for the electrical network shown in figure below

(May 2010)

Determine the transfer matrix from the data given below:

2.

3. (May 2010)
The transfer function of a control system is given by

Check for controllability. (May 2010)

4. Determine the controllability and observability of the following system
− 3 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 
x =  − 1 0 1 + 0 0u , y = 
.
x (Nov 2010)
1 1 0
 0 0 1 2 1

5. Explain state space representation for discrete time system. (Nov 2010)
6. Explain state space representation for continuous time system. (Nov 2010)
7. Write the state equations for the system shown below in which x1,x2,x3 constitute the
state vector

.Determine whether the

system is completely controllable and observable. ( May 2011)
8. I) Find the state variable equation for a given system

ii) A LTI system is characterized by the state equation

where u is a unit step. Compute the solution of this equation assuming initial condition x0

= Use inverse Laplace transform technique. (Nov 2011)

9. A sampled data control systems is shown in the figure below:

a. Find the open loop pulse transfer function, if the controller gain is s unity with
b. Sampling time 0.5 seconds. (Nov 2011)

10. Obtain the state space representation for armature controlled DC motor with load. Choose
the armature current Ia, angular displacement of shaft ߲, speed d߲/dt as state variable and
߲ as output. (May 2012)

. − 1 − 1  X 1  0
11. Find the controllability for system X =     +  U (May 2012)
 2 − 1  X 2  1

0 1 0

12. Find the observability for system whose state modal matrices are A= 0 0 1  .
0 − 2 − 3
0 
B= 0 & C=[ 3 4 1 ]using Gilbert’s test. ( May 2012)
1
13. The state space representation of a system is given below:

Obtain Transfer
function. (Nov 2012, May 2011)

14. Determine the controllability and observability of the following system

(Nov 2012)

15. Obtain the z- domain transfer function of the system shown below

(Nov 2012)
.
16. A system is represented by state equation X = AX + BU : Y = CX where
0 1 0  0
A= 0 − 1 0  B =  0 C = [1 0 0] . Determine the transfer function of the system
 
0 − 1 10 10
(June 2013)
3 2
17. A system is characterized by the transfer function Y(s)/U(s) = 3/ {s +5s +11s+6}. Identify
the first state as the output. Determine whether or not the system is completely
controllable and observable . (June 2013)
18. For the given state variable representation of a system. find the state response for a unit
step input by using discrete time approximation

(Nov 2013)
19. Consider the system with state equations . Check the
controllability of the system (Nov 2013)

20. Obtain the state model of the system described by the following transfer function
y( s) 5
= 3 . (May 2014)
u ( s) s + 6s + 7
21. Obtain the state transition matrix for the state model whose system matrix A is given
1 1
by A =  . (May 2014)
0 1
22. Check the controllability of the following sets space system
.
x1 = x 2 + u 2
.
x 2 = x3 (May 2014)
.
x3 = −2 x 2 − 3 x3 + u1 + u 2
23. Obtain the transfer function model for the following state space system.
0 1 1 
A=  B =  C = [1 0]D = [0] (May 2014)
 − 6 − 5 0 