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Complex Variable PDF

This document discusses topics related to functions of a complex variable, including: 1. Determining whether a complex function is analytic by checking if it satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equations. 2. Determining if a complex function is harmonic and finding its corresponding analytic function by using the Cauchy-Riemann equations and the Laplace equation. 3. Finding the zeros, poles, and residues of complex functions, including calculating residues at simple poles and poles of higher order. 4. Examples of theoretical and application problems involving analytic, harmonic, and related complex functions.

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Zain Mirxa Chughtai
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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119 views4 pages

Complex Variable PDF

This document discusses topics related to functions of a complex variable, including: 1. Determining whether a complex function is analytic by checking if it satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equations. 2. Determining if a complex function is harmonic and finding its corresponding analytic function by using the Cauchy-Riemann equations and the Laplace equation. 3. Finding the zeros, poles, and residues of complex functions, including calculating residues at simple poles and poles of higher order. 4. Examples of theoretical and application problems involving analytic, harmonic, and related complex functions.

Uploaded by

Zain Mirxa Chughtai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
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MAT3202 ANALYTICAL METHODS

TOPIC 5
Functions of a complex variable

55..11 C
CAAU
UCCH
HYY--R
RIIE
EMMA
ANNN
NEEQ
QUUA
ATTIIO
ONNSS

 Objective : To determine the analyticity of a complex function.

Definition
The complex function f ( z )  u ( x, y )  iv( x, y ) is said to be analytic in some region R

of the z-plane if the Cauchy-Riemann equations that is


u v

x y
and
u v

y x
holds throughout R.

Exercise 5.1 Theoretical Problems


Determine if the following functions where z  x  i y is analytic or not.
1. f ( z)  z 2 2. f ( z )  ekz

3. f ( z)  z z 4. f ( z)  z3
1
5. f ( z)  z 
z

Dr Saras Krishnan, IU, June 2018


saras.krishnan@newinti.edu.my
MAT3202 ANALYTICAL METHODS

55..22 H
HAAR
RMMO
ONNIIC
C&&C
COON
NJJU
UGGA
ATTE
EHHA
ARRM
MOON
NIIC
CFFU
UNNC
CTTIIO
ONNSS

 Objective : - To determine if a complex function is harmonic

- To obtain the conjugate harmonic function.

Definition
If f ( z )  u ( x, y )  iv( x, y ) is analytic, then u ( x, y ) and v( x, y ) are called harmonic
functions and they satisfy the Laplace equation

2 2
 0 .
x2  y2
The conjugate harmonic function of u or v can be obtained by using the Cauchy
Riemann equations.

Exercise 5.2 Theoretical Problems


(a) Determine whether the following functions are harmonic.
(b) If yes, find a corresponding analytic function f ( z )  u ( x, y )  i v( x, y ) .

1. u  x2  y2
2. u  ln z
3. v = arg (z)

4. v  e  x sin y
5. u  sin x cosh y
6. v  ( x 2  y 2 )2

Dr Saras Krishnan, IU, June 2018


saras.krishnan@newinti.edu.my
MAT3202 ANALYTICAL METHODS

55..33 ZZE
ERRO
OSS,, PPO
OLLE
ESS A
ANND
DRRE
ESSIID
DUUE
ESS

 Objective : - To determine the position of zeros of a complex function f (z )

- To determine the poles of f (z ) and their orders

- To calculate the residue at the simple poles and poles of order m

Terminologies
For
a m a1
f ( z)   .....   a0  a1 ( z  z0 )  .....  am ( z  z0 )m  ...
( z  z0 ) m
( z  z0 )

 Zero - a zero of f (z ) is the point at which f (z ) = 0


 Pole - singularity of f (z ) at z  z 0
 Order - the order of the pole at z 0 is m
 Simple poles - poles of first order

Exercise 5.3 Theoretical Problems


For the following complex function:
(a) determine location of zeros (if exist).
(b) determine the poles and their order.
(c) calculate the residue at each pole.
z z 1
1. f ( z)  2. f ( z) 
( z  1) ( z  2)
3
( z  2)( z  3)2
3  4z
3. f ( z )  2 z 3  z 1 4. f ( z) 
z  3z 2  2 z
3

Involving complex numbers

1 1
5. f ( z)  6. f ( z)  z 2 
z  z (1  i)  i
4 2
z2

1 3z 2  2
7. f ( z)  8. f ( z) 
z ( z  2 z  2)
3 2
( z  1)( z 2  9)

Dr Saras Krishnan, IU, June 2018


saras.krishnan@newinti.edu.my
MAT3202 ANALYTICAL METHODS

Exercise 5.4 Applications

1. Determine the constant a and b in order for

 
w  x 2  ay 2  2 xy  bx 2  y 2  2 xy i
to be analytic.

z
2. Consider the function f(z)  .
(z  1)(z  2)2
(a) Find the residues of f (z ) .

(b) Sketch the circle C : |z - 2| = 4.


(c) Evaluate 
C
f ( z ) dz .

Dr Saras Krishnan, IU, June 2018


saras.krishnan@newinti.edu.my

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