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Literals in Java

The document discusses different types of literals in Java - numeric, character, string, and boolean literals. Numeric literals can be integer, floating point, or boolean values and can specify base and type. Character literals use escape sequences. String literals enclose text in double quotes. Boolean literals have values of true or false. Constants have fixed values that cannot change unlike variables.

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208 views9 pages

Literals in Java

The document discusses different types of literals in Java - numeric, character, string, and boolean literals. Numeric literals can be integer, floating point, or boolean values and can specify base and type. Character literals use escape sequences. String literals enclose text in double quotes. Boolean literals have values of true or false. Constants have fixed values that cannot change unlike variables.

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fun kids
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Literals :

The Literals are the constants in Java. There are


following types of Literals . Constants are one
whose value is fixed.

Difference Between Constants and Variables :

(a) The value of the constant is fixed or remains


the same , while the value of the variable can
vary or change.

(b) The variable occupies memory and the


amount of memory it occupies will depends on
its datatype.While , the constant doesnot
occupies memory.

(c) The value of the constant is accessed


directly, while the value of the variable is to be
lookedup in the primary memory.

e.g. In C,

#define MAX 50
In our program ,

MAX=60

So, it will give a compile time error,


LVALUE required.

As , MAX will get automatically replaced


by 50, so the statement MAX=60 , will become ,

50=60

As we cannot assign one constant into


another it will generate an error.Error , LVALUE
means Left value , as Left side of the
assignment statement is always a variable.

Types of Literals :

·0 Numeric Literals
·1 Character Literals
·2 String Literals
·3 Boolean Literals
1. Numeric Literals

The Numberic literals are the fractional and


non-fractional constants. e.g. 5.6,-7.8,45,-67
etc...

The Numeric literals also associate with then the


base of the number system to which they belong.

By base we means

(a) Decimal Number System


(b) Octal Number System
(c) Hexadecimal Number System

All the Numeric literals by default belongs to the


decimal number system.

If we want to indicate that the numeric literal


belongs to the Octal number system , then we
just prefix the numeric literal with the leading 0.
e.g. 056 is regared as a octal value.

If we want to indicate that the numeric literal


belongs to the Hexadecimal number system ,
then we just prefix the numeric literal with the
0x or 0X.

e.g. 0x12f or 0X12f are the hexadecimal


numbers.

The Numeric literals also give the information


about the datatype to which they belongs.This is
done by adding a character at the end of the
numeric literal , which indicate its datatype.

==================================
==================================
===
Trailing Character
Datatype
==================================
==================================
==
(i) l or L
Long

e.g. 12l or 12L


(ii) f or F
Float

e.g 3.14f or 3.14F

(iii) d or D
Double

e.g. 3.14d or 3.14D

==================================
==================================
===

Note that ,

(a) All the non-fractional numeric literals


are by default considered as integer .

e.g 13 , -45

(b) All the fracional numeric literals are


by defualt considered as double.

e.g.

float radius=3.14f;

2. Character Literals

The character literals are the character constants


enclosed in the single quotes.

e.g. 'a','2' etc...

Escape Sequences :

'\t' , '\n' are considered as Escape


Squences.

As we know that in the single quotes only


the single character can be enclosed, but they are
two characters and still they are enclosed in
single quotes.This is because they are not treated
merely as two different character , they have a
special purpose reserved for them.
==================================
===========================
Escape Sequence
Meaning

==================================
===========================
(a) \n
Carriage Return and Line Feed

(b) \r
Carriage Return

(c) \a
Beep

(d) \t
Tab Space

(e) \\
Back Slash

(f) \"
Double Quotes

etc.....

==================================
===========================

Output : "Hello World"

System.out.println("\"HelloWorld\"");

3. String Literals

The String is a sequence or a group of characters


. The string literals is the value enclosed in
double quotes.

e.g.
"ajay"
"a"

4. Boolean Literals
The boolean literal is the logical constant
value , that is, true or false.

e.g.

boolean found;

found=false;

===================*==============
===============*================*==
========

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