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Experiment 4 Preparation of Isoamyl Acetate

1. The document describes an experiment to prepare isoamyl acetate through an acid-catalyzed esterification reaction between amyl alcohol and acetic acid. 2. Key steps include heating the reaction at reflux for an hour, separating layers and washing with sodium bicarbonate, drying the organic layer, and distilling the product. 3. Questions about the procedure are provided along with explanations that heating increases reaction rate, excess acetic acid drives the equilibrium to products, sodium bicarbonate neutralizes excess acid, and drying the product prevents water from affecting distillation.

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lshan Saha
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84 views8 pages

Experiment 4 Preparation of Isoamyl Acetate

1. The document describes an experiment to prepare isoamyl acetate through an acid-catalyzed esterification reaction between amyl alcohol and acetic acid. 2. Key steps include heating the reaction at reflux for an hour, separating layers and washing with sodium bicarbonate, drying the organic layer, and distilling the product. 3. Questions about the procedure are provided along with explanations that heating increases reaction rate, excess acetic acid drives the equilibrium to products, sodium bicarbonate neutralizes excess acid, and drying the product prevents water from affecting distillation.

Uploaded by

lshan Saha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
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Experiment 4

Preparation of Isoamyl acetate


H2SO4
O O
CH3 CH CH2CH2OH + CH3 CH3 CH CH2CH2O C + H2O
CH3 OH CH3 CH3
clamp
H2O out

condenser
H2O in

clamp heating
mantle

120 V

lab jack
1. The reaction is heated to reflux
2. After 1 hour the reaction is cooled and water is added; the
layers are separated and the organic layer is washed with
NaHCO3 and separated.
3. The organic layer is dried over anhydrous MgSO4 or
anhydrous Na2SO4.
4. The organic layer is distilled.
1. Why do you heat the reaction?
Reaction rate doubles for an increase in 10 °C.
2. Why do you use an excess of acetic acid?
Forces the equilibrium to the right.
3. Why do you wash with NaHCO3?
To neutralize the xs acetic acid and any H2SO4 present.

4. Why do you dry the isoamyl acetate?


The presence of water affects the distillation.
5. Why do you distill the isoamyl acetate?
Distillation is an important way in which liquids are purified.
Simple Distillation

open to the air


Vapor Pressure vs Temperature of Water
Vapor Pressure vs Temperature of Water
250 Vapor Pressure vs Temperature of Water
250
250
200
200
200
(kPa)

150
Pressure(kPa)

150
Vapor Pressure (kPa)

150
VaporPressure

100
100 100
Vapor

50 50
50

00 0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140


00 2020 40 40Temperature,
60 60 80°C 80100 100
120 120
140 140
Temperature, °C °C
Temperature,
What is and what do the following measure?

vapor pressure
The vapor pressure of a pure substance is the pressure exerted by the
substance against the external pressure which is usually atmospheric
pressure. Vapor pressure is a measure of the tendency of a condensed
substance to escape the condensed phase.

boiling point:
When the vapor pressure of a liquid substance reaches the external
pressure, the substance is observed to boil.

normal boiling point:


When the external pressure is atmospheric pressure, the temperature at
which a pure substance boils is called the normal boiling point.

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