Midterm Exam: Marks Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Total 10 10 12 10 8 50
Midterm Exam: Marks Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Total 10 10 12 10 8 50
Marks
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Total
10 10 12 10 8 50
1
Questions
(b) Find any two points on the line of intersection of the three planes (5 marks)
(c) Find a fourth equation which will give a unique solution for this system (2 marks)
2
3
2. A~x = ~b can be converted to a reduced row echelon form R~x = d~ using row operations. You are
told that the complete solution of one such system is
4 2 5
~x = 0 + c1 1 + c2 0
0 0 1
(d) For the given system A~x = ~b, are we guaranteed to have a solution for every possible ~b?
Give your reasons. (4 marks)
4
5
3. Let A be the matrix
1 2 1 2
2 1 2 2
1 1 1 1
(a) Find a factorisation A = LU, where L is the lower triangular matrix and U is in echelon
form (4 marks)
(c) What are the bases of C(A) and C(U), and C(R), where R is the reduced row echelon
form? (3 marks)
(d) For which right hand sides the system AT ~y is solvable? (4 marks)
6
7
4. You are given the following matrix.
1 0 1
2 1 2
A=
0
2 0
1 0 2
(a) Find the dimension and the basis for the four fundamental subspaces (column space, row
space, nullspace and left nullspace) for A (5 marks)
(b) Sketch the big picture of the four fundamental subspaces. Your sketch should include basis
for each of the subspaces, and the area of each rectangle should be proportionate to the
size of the space (5 marks)
8
9
5. Find the basis for each of the following subspaces, if they form a subspace or give reasons
otherwise
(a) All 2 × 2 matrices with trace equals to 4. The trace of a 2 × 2 matrix is defined as
1 2
tr(A) = a11 + a22 . For example if A = , then the trace of A = tr(A) = 5 (5 marks)
3 4
d2 y
(b) Quadratic functions which satisfy dx 2 = 0. Sketch the bases (3 marks)
x=0
10
11
12