Arduino Smart Robot Car Kit

User Guide
V1.0 04.2017

UCTRONIC
 Arduino Smart Robot Car Kit

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................3

2. Assembly............................................................................................................................................................4

2.1 Arduino Uno R3 ...................................................................................................................................4

2.2 HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Module with Bracket / Holder..................................................5

2.3 L293D Motor Drive Expansion Board for Arduino ...................................................................7

2.4 SG90 9g micro small servo motor .................................................................................................8

2.5 2WD Driver Motor Encoder Robot Smart Car Chassis Kits ...................................................9

3. Pin Definition ................................................................................................................................................. 10

4. Installation ...................................................................................................................................................... 11

4.1 Installation of the Components ................................................................................................... 11

4.2 Installation of the Car ..................................................................................................................... 13

5. Start Programing.......................................................................................................................................... 20

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1. Introduction
The UCTRONICS smart robot car kit is a flexible vehicular kit particularly designed for
education, competition and entertainment purposes.
The kit has an intelligence built in so that it guides itself whenever an obstacle comes ahead
of it. An Arduino development is used to achieve the desired operation. With the help of a
small servo motor, it scans the area left and right in order to find the best way to turn. An
ultrasonic sensor unit is used to detect any obstacle ahead of it that sends a command to the
Arduino Board. Depending on the input signal received, the Arduino microcontroller
redirects the robot to move in an alternate direction by appropriately actuating the motors
interfaced to it through a motor driver IC.
When all the necessary components are getting together, a robot car comes up!
A robot is a machine that can perform some task automatically or with guidance. Robotics is
generally a combination of computational intelligence and physical machines (motors). Due
to their high level of performance and reliability, the robot get the splendid popularity in our
daily life.
Come up, let’s go into a Robot World ！

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1.1 Packing list

➢ 1pcs Arduino UNO R3 Board
➢ 1pcs HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Module
➢ 1pcs Holder for HC-SR04
➢ 1pcs L293D Motor Drive Expansion Board
➢ 1pcs 9g micro servo motor
➢ 1pcs servo motor Bracket
➢ Some cable end pin header as gift
➢ 1set Car Chassis Kits:
 2pcs 65mm tire Wheels
 2pcs Geared Motors (1:48)
 2pcs Speed Encoders
 1pcs Universal Wheel
 1pcs Battery Box
 1pcs Car Chassis
 1pcs Switch
 Screws+ Nuts

2. Assembly
2.1 Arduino Uno R3

This is the new Arduino Uno R3. In addition to all the features of the previous board, the Uno
now uses an ATmega16U2 instead of the 8U2 found on the Uno (or the FTDI found on
previous generations). This allows for faster transfer rates and more memory. No drivers
needed for Linux or Mac (.inf file for Windows is needed and included in the Arduino IDE),
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and the ability to have the Uno show up as a keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc.
The Uno R3 also adds SDA and SCL pins next to the AREF. In addition, there are two new
pins placed near the RESET pin. One is the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt to the
voltage provided from the board. The other is a not connected and is reserved for future
purposes. The Uno R3 works with all existing shields but can adapt to new shields which use
these additional pins.
Note: The Arduino Uno R3 requires the Arduino 1.0 drivers folder in order to install properly
on some computers. We have tested and confirmed that the R3 can be programmed in older
versions of the IDE. However, the first time using the R3 on a new computer, you will need to
have Arduino 1.0 installed on that machine. If you are interested in reading more about the
changes to the IDE, check out the official Arduino 1.0 Release notes!

2.1.1 Specifications

➢ Microcontroller: ATmega328
➢ Operating Voltage: 5V
➢ Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V
➢ Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V
➢ Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
➢ Analog Input Pins: 6
➢ DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA
➢ DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
➢ Flash Memory: 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
➢ SRAM: 2 KB (ATmega328)
➢ EEPROM: 1 KB (ATmega328)
➢ Clock Speed: 16 MHz

2.2 HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Module with Bracket / Holder

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor module for Arduino is used for obstacle detection. Ultrasonic

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sensor transmits the ultrasonic waves from its sensor head and again receives the ultrasonic
waves reflected from an object.

Ultrasonic sensor general diagram

2.2.1 Working Principle

The ultrasonic sensor emits the short and high frequency signal. These propagate in the air
at the velocity of sound. If they hit any object, then they reflect back echo signal to the
sensor. The ultrasonic sensor consists of a multi vibrator, fixed to the base. The multi vibrator
is combination of a resonator and vibrator. The resonator delivers ultrasonic wave generated
by the vibration. The ultrasonic sensor actually consists of two parts; the emitter which
produces a 40kHz sound wave and detector detects 40 kHz sound wave and sends electrical
signal back to the microcontroller.

Ultrasonic working principle

The ultrasonic sensor enables the robot to virtually see and recognize object, avoid obstacles,
measure distance. The operating range of ultrasonic sensor is 2 cm to 450 cm.

2.2.2 Specification

➢ Working Voltage: 5V(DC)

➢ Static current: < 2mA
➢ Output signal: Electric frequency signal
➢ Output Voltage: 0-5V
➢ Sensor angle: <= 15 degrees
➢ Detection distance: 2cm-450cm
➢ High precision: Up to 0.3cm
➢ Input trigger signal: 10us TTL impulse
➢ Echo signal: output TTL PWL signal
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➢ Mode of connection: VCC, trig (T), echo, GND

➢ Using method:
(1) Supply module with 5V
(2) Output will be 5V while obstacle in range, otherwise it will be 0V.
➢ Item size (mm): 44x20x15

2.2.3 Wiring diagram:

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor Module Arduino
VCC 5V
Trig A4
Echo A5
GND GND

2.3 L293D Motor Drive Expansion Board for Arduino

This is a commonly used DC motor drive module, using L293D chip with small current DC
motor driver. The pins are made compatible with Arduino which is easy to use.

2.3.1 Specification

➢ 2 connections for 5V servos connected to the Arduino's high-resolution dedicated timer

- no jitter

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➢ Up to 4 bi-directional DC motors with 4 PWM speed regulation

➢ Up to 2 stepper motor control, single / double step control, staggered or microstepping
and rotation angle control
➢ 4 H-Bridges: L293D chipset provides 0.6A per bridge (1.2A peak) with thermal
shutdown protection, 4.5V to 36V
➢ Pull down resistors to keep motors in the state of rest during power-up
➢ Large terminal terminals make wiring easier (10 - 22AWG)
➢ With Arduino reset button
➢ The 2 terminals are connected to the external power supply terminals to ensure the
separation of the logic and the motor drive power
Voltage DC 3V DC 5V DC 6V
Current 100MA 100MA 120MA
Reduction rate 48:1
RPM (with tire) 100 190 240
Tire Diameter 66mm
Car Speed (M/minute) 20 39 48
Motor Weight (g) 50
Motor Size (mm) 70x22x18mm
Noise <65dB

2.4 SG90 9g micro small servo motor

SG90 9g micro small servo motor is the main source of controlling action of the
remote-control model. The module is widely applied in the field of fixed wing, helicopter,
gliding, small robot, manipulator model.
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2.4.1 Specification

➢ Size (mm): 23x12.2x29

➢ Torsional moment: 1.5kg/cm
➢ Working voltage: 4.2-6V
➢ Temperature range : 0 ℃~55 ℃
➢ Operating speed: 0.1 seconds /60 degree
➢ Dead band width: 10 microseconds

2.5 2WD Driver Motor Encoder Robot Smart Car Chassis Kits

With the car platform, adding micro-controller (such as Arduino) and sensor modules, then
program it, a robot car comes up.
All the module interface has been modified with XH2.54 ports as to make it much easier and
convenient to assemble the car and reduce the chances for errors.

2.5.1 Specification

➢ The car is the tachometer encoder

➢ With a 4 AA battery box
➢ Gear Motor reduction radio: 48:1

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➢ Apply in distance measurement, velocity

3. Pin Definition

Arduino UNO R3 Board

L293D Motor Drive Expansion Board

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4. Installation
4.1 Installation of the Components

Step 1

Step 2

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Step 3

Step 4

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4.2 Installation of the Car

Step 1

Step 2

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Step 3

Step 4

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Step 5

Step 6

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Step 7

Step 8

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Step 9

Step 10

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Step 11

Step 12

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Step 13

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5. Start Programing
For examples and documentation, please visit:
https://github.com/UCTRONICS/Smart-Robot-Car-Arduino.git
If any problems or suggestions for the tutorial or the robot car, please feel free to contact us
by following ways:
Skype: fpga4u
Tel: +86 025 84271192
Website: www.uctronics.com
Email: sales@uctronics.com

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