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Inheritance in JAVA: Public Class Parent

1. Inheritance allows a subclass to inherit properties and behaviors from a parent or superclass. 2. In Java, the "extends" keyword is used to create a subclass that inherits from an existing superclass. 3. Subclasses inherit all non-private fields and methods from their parent class but can also define their own fields and methods.

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Kruthi Reddy
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217 views4 pages

Inheritance in JAVA: Public Class Parent

1. Inheritance allows a subclass to inherit properties and behaviors from a parent or superclass. 2. In Java, the "extends" keyword is used to create a subclass that inherits from an existing superclass. 3. Subclasses inherit all non-private fields and methods from their parent class but can also define their own fields and methods.

Uploaded by

Kruthi Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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Inheritance in JAVA

Inheritance is a mechanism wherein a new class is derived from an existing class. In Java,
classes may inherit or acquire the properties and methods of other classes.

A class derived from another class is called a subclass, whereas the class from which a subclass is
derived is called a superclass. A subclass can have only one superclass, whereas a superclass may
have one or more subclasses.
Inheritance is the process wherein characteristics are inherited from ancestors. Similarly, in
Java, a subclass inherits the characteristics (properties and methods) of its superclass (ancestor).

For example, a vehicle is a superclass and a car is a subclass. The car (subclass) inherits all of
the vehicle’s properties. The inheritance mechanism is very useful in code reuse.

The following are some limitations of Java class inheritance:

1. A subclass cannot inherit private members of its superclass.

2. Constructor and initializer blocks cannot be inherited by a subclass.

3. A subclass can have only one superclass.

The keyword “extends” is used to derive a subclass from the superclass, as illustrated by the
following syntax:
Class Name_of_subclass extends Name_of superclass { //new fields and methods that
would define the subclass go here }
If you want to derive a subclass Rectangle from a superclass Shapes, you can do it as follows:
class Rectangle extends Shapes { …. }

Program 1: - Inheritance Simple Example


1. Parent class is the super class of child class.
2. Child class is the sub-class of Parent class.
3. So child class extends the methods of Parent class.

public class Parent


{
public void P1()
{
System.out.println("This is parent class output");
}
}
public class Child extends Parent
{
public void C1()
{
System.out.println("This is child class output");
}

public static void main(String[] args)


{
Child CObj = new Child();
CObj.P1();
CObj.C1();
}
}

Result:-

This is parent class output


This is child class output

Program 2: - Inheritance Simple Example


 Animal is the superclass of Bird class.

 Animal is the superclass of Dog class.

 Bird and Dog are subclasses of Animal class.

public class Animal


{
public void animalsleep() {
System.out.println("An animal sleeps...");
}
public void animaleat() {
System.out.println("An animal eats...");
}
}

public class Bird extends Animal


{
public void birdsleep() {
System.out.println("A bird sleeps...");
}
public void birdeat() {
System.out.println("A bird eats...");
}
}
public class Dog extends Animal
{
public void dogsleep() {
System.out.println("A dog sleeps...");
}
public void dogeat() {
System.out.println("A dog eats...");
}
}

public class MainClass


{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Animal animal = new Animal();
Bird bird = new Bird();
Dog dog = new Dog();

System.out.println();

animal.animalsleep();
animal.animaleat();

bird.birdsleep();
bird.birdeat();

dog.dogsleep();
dog.dogeat();
}
}

Result:-

An animal sleeps...
An animal eats...
A bird sleeps...
A bird eats...
A dog sleeps...
A dog eats...
Program 3: - Inheritance Simple Example
public class InheritanceParent
{
public String abc=null;
public String xyz=null;

public void parentMethod()


{
System.out.println("Output of Inheritance :"+abc);
System.out.println("Output of Second Inheritance :"+xyz);
}
}

public class InheritanceChild extends InheritanceParent


{
public void childMethod()
{
abc="This is inheritance java program";
xyz="This is child class where extends used";

System.out.println("This is child method");


parentMethod();
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
InheritanceChild ic=new InheritanceChild();
ic.childMethod();
}
}

Result:-

This is child method


Output of Inheritance :This is inheritance java program
Output of Second Inheritance :This is child class where extends used

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