LysaghtArchitecturalDetailingManualRoofWallFlashingJune2016 PDF
LysaghtArchitecturalDetailingManualRoofWallFlashingJune2016 PDF
GUIDE
FOR ARCHITECTS AND
DETAILING PROFESSIONALS
Contents
1.0 Introduction and Scope 3 COPYRIGHT
2.0 Design Preliminaries 4 Copyright in this information including any designs, text, data,
2.1 Product selection 4 graphics and images belong to BlueScope Steel Ltd, trading as
2.2 The purpose of flashing 4 Lysaght except as noted.
2.3 Materials and finishes 5 Thanks are given to the New Zealand Metal Roofing
2.4 Compatibility 5 Manufacturers Inc. For permission to reproduce text, graphics
and drawings from their copyright publication - NZ METAL
2.5 Support spacings 6 ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version
2.6 Maximum lengths of roofing 6 2.2: 2012). All rights reserved. Such material is annotated in
2.7 Low roof pitches 6 footnotes as such by use of this logo.
2.8 Wind forces on roofs 6 Any use of this publication including reproduction, modification,
2.9 Codes and performance tests 6 distribution or re-publication, in whole or in part*, in any form or
2.10 Specifications - roofing profiles 7 medium, without written permission of Lysaght is prohibited.
2.11 Specifications - walling profiles 8 © Copyright BlueScope Steel Limited
3.0 Roof flashings 9 Produced at LYSAGHT® Research & Technology
3.1 Design 9 * Except for material taken from NZ METAL ROOF AND
3.2 Roof flashings 10 WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 3: 2012) where
3.3 Flashing laps 11 the permission of the New Zealand Metal Roofing Manufacturers
Inc. must be sought.
3.4 Apron flashing 11
3.5 Longitudinal flashings 11
3.6 Transverse flashings 12
3.7 Using notching tools 13
3.8 Flashing at change of pitch 14
3.9 Capped bent roofs 14
3.10 Gutter apron 15
3.11 Types of penetration flashing design 16
3.12 Flashing large roof penetrations 17
3.13 Flashing small roof penetrations 19
3.14 Expansion 20
3.15 Standard roof flashings 21
3.16 Non standard roof flashings, cappings 24
3.17 Box gutters 25
3.18 Barge gutters and capping 26
4.0 Typical wall flashings 27
4.1 Cladding orientation 27
4.2 Walling profile running horizontally 27
4.3 Types of flashings 28
4.4 Optional wall trims 29
4.5 Mid-wall connections 30
4.6 Internal wall connections 30
4.7 External corner connections 31
4.8 Flashing for horizontal cladding 31
4.9 Flashing for horizontal corrugate cladding 32
4.10 Flashings for vertical cladding 32
FLASHING GUIDE
Correct detailing of LYSAGHT® roof and wall flashing has more than
cosmetic importance - it is essential in ensuring the wet weather
performance of the cladding.
Correct flashing and detailing will improve the overall appearance
of the finished job.
The advice given in this manual is consistent with the requirements
of the Building Code of Australia and is aimed at ensuring that
correct practice is specified into building construction.
In many instances, alternative methods are examined to provide
a clear understanding of the implications arising from these
alternatives.
And finally, the examples shown are typical of the work to be
carried out and may not apply to specific situations or specific
LYSAGHT® cladding products. In all cases, a qualified tradesman
should be engaged to ensure the advice given here is applicable to
your intended use.
We hope that the information supplied provides clear, concise
direction in the correct design and detailing of roof and wall
flashing for architects and draftsmen.
The manual is set out in two parts, design and flashing.
For overall roof and wall design, refer to the LYSAGHT® Roofing
& Walling Installation Manual. If these products are to be used in
cyclonic areas as defined in AS 1170.2:2011, you must also refer to
the LYSAGHT® Cyclonic Area Design Manual.
Both these publications are available at: www.lysaght.com
FLASHING GUIDE
3
2.0 Design preliminaries
2.1 PRODUCT SELECTION In all cases it is important to have ample cover provided by the
flashing and proper turn-up of the cladding underneath.
When you incorporate steel cladding into your building Lysaght
offers a wide range of profiles from which to choose. Whilst roofing Be careful when moving between supports. Do not walk in the pan
and walling obviously have to keep out the weather, they also have immediately adjacent to flashings or translucent sheeting. Walk at
significant effects on the looks, cost and durability of a building. least one pan away.
If you are unsure about any product feature, visit www.lysaght.com, Lysaght has a range of standard flashings. We can also supply
call our information line or seek advice from the relevant specialists. custom flashings to your requirements – ask your local service
centre for details.
Lysaght has been supplying the Australian building industry with
premium products for over 150 years, and our technical literature Flashings are required to provide weather-resistance for the various
provides the engineering data to design buildings using our junctions on a roof or wall structure. Flashings are an important
products. part of the cladding design, and have a significant impact on the
aesthetic appearance of the building.
In particular, architects and builders should consult chapters 2 to 6
of the LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling Installation Manual. We urge Qualified tradesmen or other suitable expertise should be sought
the reader to consult this document for overall design and fixing when designing, cutting and fastening flashing to a building.
advice, although selected parts of that information are repeated
Ponding of water and build-up of debris should be prevented and
here.
all flashings should be designed to prevent this from happening.
The appropriate design will depend on your particular needs and Flashings must be designed to provide weather-resistance for the
circumstances. You should get advice from the relevant qualified roof or wall cladding, independent of the use of sealants or other
specialists where required. materials to provide such weather-resistance.
Unpainted galvanised steel is incompatible with most inert materials
2.2 PURPOSE OF FLASHING
and is subject to inert catchment corrosion.
The purpose of a flashing is to make the building weather-resistant
and to prevent water from entering the building by diverting it. 2.3 MATERIALS AND FINISHES
Flashings and cappings are strips of metal formed to weatherproof Flashings, ridge cappings, and accessories should be made from
the edges of roofing and walling. the same material as the material used to clad the roof or walls. If
For the purposes of this chapter, only the term flashing is used. different materials are intended or specified, such materials should
The following sections should be considered as a guide only. For a compatible for both contact and run-off. Our most widely used
comprehensive account of flashing guidelines, refer to HB39-1997. cladding profiles are listed in Tables 2.10.1 and 2.11.1. They are
Similar methods of flashing are used for different cladding-profiles. available in COLORBOND® pre-painted steel, or in unpainted
You can adapt the principles to suit your application. ZINCALUME® aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel.
FLASHING GUIDE
4
TYPICAL MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS Lead flashing is not recommended, however it will usually be
• COLORBOND® is pre-painted steel for exterior roofing and retained when re-roofing, because it is usually cemented into the
walling. It is the most widely used. The painting complies with structure. In these cases:
AS/NZS 2728:2013 and the steel base is an aluminium/zinc • the top surface of the lead flashing must be painted with a good
alloy-coated steel complying with AS 1397:2001. Minimum quality exterior paint system (to limit contamination with lead
yield strengths are G550 (550 MPa), or G300 (300 MPa) compounds in water running off the flashing); and
depending on the profile. Minimum coating mass is AM100
(100g/m2). • there must be a barrier between the lead flashing and the
cladding: either a plastic strip (such as polyethylene damp
• COLORBOND® Ultra is pre-painted steel for severe coastal or course), or paint.
industrial environments (generally within about 100-200 metres
of the source). The painting complies with AS/NZS 2728:2013 Flashings should conform to AS/NZS 2179.1:1994, and be
and the steel base is an aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel compatible with the cladding (Section 2.10, LYSAGHT® Roofing &
complying with AS 1397:2001. Minimum yield strength is G550 Walling Installation Manual).
(550 MPa). Minimum coating mass is AM150 (150g/m2). Materials for flashings are available in ZINCALUME® or
• Stainless steel standard grade designation is AISI/ASTM COLORBOND® finishes.
Type 430; UNS No. S43000.
2.5 SUPPORT SPACINGS
Not available in metallic finishes as a standard item. Subject to
enquiry. The maximum recommended support spacings are shown in
Tables 2.13.1 and 2.14.1 of the LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling
The COLORBOND® pre-painted steel complies with Installation Manual. They are based on data in accordance with
AS/NZS 2728:2013. AS 1562.1:1992 Design and installation of sheet roof and wall
Check with your local LYSAGHT® office for availability of profiles, cladding: Metal, and AS 4040.1:1992 Methods of testing sheet
materials, finishes, colours, accessories; and for suitability of the roof and wall cladding—Resistance to concentrated loads.
product. The spacings in the tables are recommended to produce adequate
Tables 2.10.1 and 2.11.1 list general information for profile selection. performance of claddings under concentrated loading (incidental
Refer to our publications on specific products for detailed for maintenance).
specifications. There are also publications on ZINCALUME® steel For support spacings in wind conditions, refer to our publications
and COLORBOND® pre-painted steel from our information line on specific products for wind pressure data.
(Page 1).
In all cases, cladding is fixed to a support of 1.0mm minimum base
2.4 COMPATIBILITY metal thickness (BMT) and minimum yield stress of 550 MPa. If you
want to use metal battens thinner than 1.0mm, seek advice from
Contact with, or runoff from, some materials can damage coated
our information line.
steel products. Buildings can also be susceptible to condensation
on inside surfaces. The materials include certain metals, treated
2.6 MAXIMUM LENGTHS OF ROOFING
timbers and chemicals.
The valleys (or pans) of roofing have to carry water to the gutters. If
• Don’t allow any contact of coated steel products with the valleys overfill in heavy rain, water can flow into the roof through
incompatible materials. the side-laps and flashings.
• Don’t allow discharge of rainwater from incompatible materials Factors affecting waterproof and drainage capacity of the laps of a
onto coated steel products.
profile include:
• Ensure that supporting members are compatible with the
• the width and depth of the valleys or pans;
coated steel products or, alternatively, appropriately coated.
• the pitch of the roof—rain flows faster on a steeper pitch;
Incompatible materials include: lead, copper, monel metal,
bare steel, stainless steel (except with COLORBOND® stainless • rainfall intensity for the geographical area;
cladding), carbon (in pencils and some rubbers), green or some • the length of the roof from ridge to gutter; and
chemically-treated timber (like CCA or tanalith treatments), materials
subject to cycles of dryness and wetness or which have excessive • penetrations that cause nearby valleys to carry extra rain diverted
moisture content (such as improperly-seasoned timber), wet and from valleys obstructed by the penetration (Figure 2.14.1).
dry concrete, soils, vegetable matter, cleaning agents (e.g. brick The maximum recommended roof lengths for drainage for each
cleaning) and any material which will inhibit normal exposure to the profile are given in Table 2.14.1 of the LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling
atmosphere. Installation Manual.
When moisture is present and two dissimilar metals are in contact,
accelerated galvanic corrosion can affect one of the surfaces. This
type of corrosion can also occur when water flows over dissimilar
metals.
FLASHING GUIDE
Properly designed flashings help to keep the cladding dry and help
to divert moisture and debris away from joins. To avoid ponding,
all flashings should have a minimum fall of 1.5°.
Roofers and designers should consider compatibility issues when
selecting materials in a roof or wall system. Furthermore placing
solar collectors, air-conditioning units or walkways on top of roof
cladding need to consider discharge from such systems. Severe
corrosion may occur If materials are not combined correctly.
5
2.7 LOW ROOF PITCHES
Unless there is adequate positive fall in a roof, there is danger of
ponding, which can lead to a reduced service life, particularly in
coastal areas.
At low slopes, say around 1 in 50 (1°) slope, all roof supports must
be in the one plane because slight variations can result in zero or
negative fall. This may occur even after completion of the building
as the result of settlement, timber warping or shrinking, or extra
loadings (like air conditioners).
Minimum recommended roof slopes are listed in Table 2.12.1 of
the LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling Installation Manual. As a guide,
wherever possible, you should design for a minimum slope of 1 in
30 (2°). Roof slopes lower than the recommended minimum may
be available subject to enquiry and will be dependent upon the
roof application and building details.
0.48 4.9 762 16 5 (1 in 12) 800 1300 1700 250 350 1800 2700 2700 250
CUSTOM BLUE ORB® 0.60 6.1 762 17 5 (1 in 12) 1600 1600 1800 200 300 2400 3000 3300 200
0.80 8.0 762 17 5 (1 in 12) 1800 1800 2600 400 600 2400 3200 3600 400
CUSTOM ORB 0.40 4.4* 762 21 3 (1 in 20) 750 950 1350 150 400 1800 2400 2400 150
ACCENT 21®
0.48 5.2* 762 21 3 (1 in 20) 950 1500 1900 200 450 1800 2700 2700 200
CUSTOM ORB 0.48 5.5* 724 35 2 (1 in 30) 1300 1600 2400 200 600 2100 2700 2700 200
ACCENT 35®
INTEGRITY® 820 0.42 4.6 820 48 2 (1 in 30) 2100 2300 2800 150 300 2600 3400 3600 150
0.48 5.2 820 48 1 (1 in 50) 2500 2550 3050 200 350 2700 3600 3600 200
KLIP-LOK® 406 0.48 5.6 406 41 1 (1 in 50) 1500 1800 2100 200 600 - - - -
KLIP-LOK 700 0.42 4.7 700 43 2 (1 in 30) 1650 1750 2200 150 450 2600 3200 3850 150
HI-STRENGTH®
0.48 5.3 700 43 1 (1 in 50) 2050 2350 2800 200 500 3000 3450 3900 200
0.60 6.6 700 43 1 (1 in 50) 2350 3000 3600 250 550 3300 3600 3900 250
KLIP-LOK CLASSIC® 700 0.42 4.7 700 41 2 (1 in 30) - 1800 2200 200 500 - 2150 3250 300
0.48 5.3 700 41 1 (1 in 50) - 2100 3050 250 600 - 2500 3550 400
LONGLINE 305® 0.70 9.7 305 48 1 (1 in 50) 1800 2000 2500 150 450 - 2700 2700 450
(Not Tapered)
SPANDEK® 0.42 4.7 700 24 3 (1 in 20) (5) 1300 1800 2400 300 600 2500 3000 3300 300
0.48 5.3 700 24 3 (1 in 20) (5) 2000 2200 3000 400 700 3000 3000 3300 400
SPANRIB® 0.42 4.6 820 48 2 (1 in 30) 2100 2300 2800 150 300 2600 3400 3600 150
FLASHING GUIDE
0.48 5.2 820 48 1 (1 in 50) 2500 2550 3050 200 350 2700 3600 3600 200
TRIMDEK® 0.42 4.3 762 29 2 (1 in 30) 1100 1300 1900 150 300 2400 3000 3000 150
0.48 4.9 762 29 2 (1 in 30) 1600 1850 2600 200 350 2700 3000 3000 200
(1)
Masses are for unpainted ZINCALUME® steel, unless otherwise marked (*). * which are indicative masses only.
(2)
See Section 2.5, LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling Installation Manual.
(3)
See Section 10.6 for explanation of ‘stiffened’.
(4)
FLATDEK® & FLATDEK® II are Home Improvement profiles. Please refer to their individual brochures for more installation details.
(5)
Slope of 2° (1 in 30) is available subject to enquiry. Please refer to Section 2.5, LYSAGHT® Roofing & Walling Installation Manual.
7
2.11 SPECIFICATIONS - WALLING
Table 2.11.1
Specifications of profiles for walling only.
MINI ORB® (4) 0.42 4.0 841 820 6 1200 1500 1500 100
PANELRIB® (3) 0.35 3.2 915 850 4 1100 1200 1200 150
TRIMWALL® (2) 0.35 3.6 816 762 29 2100 2900 3000 150
(1)
Masses are for unpainted ZINCALUME® steel.
(2)
With 5 fasteners per sheet, per support.
(3)
With 4 fasteners per sheet, per support.
(4)
With 6 fasteners per sheet, per support.
p or
s if end la ting
End span ee
joint in sh SS
expansion ES IS IS ES O
Step
ES O
Spacing definitions
ES = End Span
IS = Internal Span
IS
O = Overhang
IS
SS = Single Span
O ES
Spacing definitions
ES = End Span
IS
IS = Internal Span
FLASHING GUIDE
O = Overhang
IS
SS = Single Span
SS
O ES
8
3.0 Roof flashing
3.1 DESIGN Flashings, other than standard ridging, are produced to specific
All roof cladding located at the join (except gutters), require a order and are designed and manufactured from flat sheet or coil.
flashing fastened on both sides of the join. If these flashings are required to match the colour of the profiled
cladding sheets it is necessary for the pre-painted flat sheet or coil
Flashings near the edges of roofs or walls can be subjected to to be made by the same manufacturer using the same process in
suction or negative wind loads that can be greater than other order to avoid differential colour matching or fading.
positive imposed loads. Therefore the wind design load can
be approach double that of the main roof area, and as a result Preferred maximum length of flashing is 6m, with expansion
additional fixings are required to fasten flashings. joints provided after a maximum of two lengths of flashing (12m)
have been fixed together, as any lap secured by rivets or screws
The design wind load of each structure determines the number and effectively becomes one length.
the spacing of flashing fasteners as well as locate wind zones on
the building. A minimum number of fixings are required to avoid Flashings are restricted in length in the same manner as are roof
flexing fatigue cracking of metal cladding under changing loads. and wall cladding sheets and are subject to the same requirements
This also prevents noise or flapping. and expansion provisions.
Lysaght recommends screws instead of rivets for fastening flashings. A minimum distance of 2-5mm from the edges of all flashings
The larger diameter of a screw shaft gives a greater shear capacity, must be provided away from an adjacent horizontal surface. This
and the larger head (or a washer) can be used to reduce the helps avoid the retention of moisture and deterioration at the cut
likelihood of pull out of the fastener. edge of flashings. When a cut edge is very close to some materials
(concrete, plaster or some rubbers) this spacing is particularly
The penetration of rain into the roof or wall through the flashings is important.
largely caused by the air pressure differential between the outside
and inside of the roof or wall. A minimum clearance (CL) of 25mm and a maximum clearance
of 50mm should be provided at the end of wall cladding. The
Gusting wind can cause a significant pressure differential which can cladding should not extend down to any apron flashing.
fluctuate greatly. This in turn can cause a pumping action where
water can be sucked into the join which the flashing is protecting.
Solutions to this problem include an anti-capillary offset fold, a
gap of up to 5mm, or a suitable sealant. All flashing edges require
one of these measures to avoid capillary action where flashings
are subject to wind action when in contact with the roof or wall
cladding.
Figure 3.1
Barge.
C = Minimum cover
Cl = Clearance
Clearance
Clearance
c
c
c c
FLASHING GUIDE
Smooth
Clearance Clearance Profiled
cladding
cladding
Smooth Profiled
cladding cladding
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
9
3.2 ROOF FLASHINGS
Chased apron
Vertical cladding
Stop end
turned down
Diverter
Figure 3.2.3 Figure 3.2.4
Angled apron 45°. Vertical cladding.
Angle diverter
Stop end
turned down
Stop end
turned down
Stop end
turned down
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
10
3.3 FLASHING LAPS Figure 3.5.1
A lap is the part of a flashing that covers (or overlaps) any part of the Typical longitudinal flashings.
similarly shaped component, and these can be described as an
end lap, overlap or underlap.
Laps should comply with the following criteria:
• an overlap must run over (not under);
• an overlap must run downhill (the direction of the water flow);
• water must flow over a lap (not into a lap); Fix at 500mm centres
• a lap must be self-draining (not relying on sealant);
• an overlap must be across the gradient or at a shallow angle;
• a lap must be mechanically (hard) fixed;
• a sealed lap must have a minimum of width of 25mm;
2/3 pan width
3.4 APRON FLASHING minimum overlap
Do not fit cladding tight onto the horizontal surface of an apron
flashing. This would collect dirt and debris and it will retain
moisture. A minimum clearance of 25mm is required. 150mm
minimum overlap
3.5 LONGITUDINAL FLASHINGS
Longitudinal flashings run parallel to the pans or valleys, and are
made to suit the cladding profile (Figure 3.5.1). They should have Soft aluminium or
an edge turned-down to dip into the pan or valley. zinc over-flashing,
stepped and
FLASHING COVER tapered to follow
fall of roof um
The minimum recommended cover of longitudinal flashings over xim m
Ma 00m
5
cladding should be as follows: (as taken from HB39-1997).
Pierce-fixed roof sheet 150mm min.
Concealed fixed roof sheet Into full pan (2/3 pan covered)
150
minim mm
um ov
erlap
Fasten at 500mm centres
FLASHING GUIDE
11
3.6 TRANSVERSE FLASHINGS Table 3.6.1
Transverse flashings run across the pans or valleys (Figure 3.6.1). Notching tools.
They usually have a stiffening lip, along the lower edge, which
is turned-down to dip into the pan or valley. To maximise Type of tool Edge turned down Available for
before notching
weatherproofing, the bent lip is profiled to fit.
Horizontal notching tools No Availability subject to inquiry
The turn-down for transverse flashings for the shallow corrugated Vertical notching tools (also Yes KLIP-LOK® 406
profiles can be fashioned to fit the profile by either notching or called speed notchers) KLIP-LOK 700 HI-STRENGTH®
scribing to match the corrugations, or lightly dressed into the KLIP-LOK CLASSIC® 700
valleys. The type of fashioning (if any) depends upon profile shape SPANDEK®
and the type of material used to flash. Fashioning is preferred for TRIMDEK®
low-slope roofs. Others subject to inquiry
The turn-down for transverse flashings for wide panned cladding is
always notched or scribed to fit over the ribs.
FLASHING COVER Figure 3.6.1
Lysaght produces a range of standard flashings (hip, barge, apron).
Typical transverse flashings.
To increase weather-resistance, Lysaght recommends you maximise
the overlap between flashings and claddings. Refer to Table 8.1.2 in Every 4th rib (minimum)
HB-39 for greater detail.
FIXING OF FLASHINGS Ridge Capping
NOTCHING TOOLS
Hand-operated notching tools cut one notch at a time. Each tool
matches only one cladding profile. There are two types of tool;
their use depends on whether or not the edge of the flashing has
Parapet Flashing
first been bent down.
Every rib
FLASHING GUIDE
FLASHING GUIDE
13
3.8 FLASHING AT CHANGE OF PITCH Figure 3.8.1
JOINING FLASHINGS Typical flashing at changes of pitch.
The overlaps of transverse flashings should be sealed with a
recommended sealant and fastened. Before finally positioning and Flashing at change of pitch
fixing the lap, turn over the top piece and apply a 3mm bead of
sealant across the flashing, about 12mm from the end.
Figure 3.9.1
Capped bent ribbed roof.
Fit cap over cut rib, adjust angle to fit
and fasten. Custom made caps may
be available for preset angles.
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
15
3.11 TYPES OF PENETRATION Type A - Under soaker
FLASHING DESIGN
Penetration flashings can be divided into four different types.
TYPE A
Under flashings drain at the plane of the roof pan.
Soaker (under) flashings
• Suitable for any pitch;
• Most preferred detail;
Fall Fall
• Curb side in line with the rib;
• Leave clearance of 10mm (minimum) all around;
• Minimum of 100mm for all upstands;
• Drill holes for rivets before sealing;
Type A Under soaker
Type B - Over watershed
• Minimum 25mm for sealed laps;
• Order slightly longer cladding sheets to allow for lapping;
TYPE B
Overflashings drain at the plane of the rib of the roof.
These are also known as back flashings.
• Simple to use.
• Suitable for use to first purlin from the ridge if > 300mm wide.
Fall • Not suitable for widths over 1.100m. Fall F
• Regarded as unattractive by some.
• Suitable for use with sprung or over-roof design.
TYPE C
Type
Tapered A Under
flashings soaker
that drain at the plane of the roof pan at the Type B Over watershed
Type C - Under/over tapered
top, and over the ribs at the bottom.
Also known as transition or ‘under/over’ flashings.
Tapered or transition flashings.
• Provides greater water run-off capacity.
• Suitable for all roofs > 5°.
• Can be used for a retrofit.
• Support required.
TYPE D
Fall Fall
Soaker flashings that drain at the plane of the roof pan at the
gutter
• Simple.
• Provides greater water run-off capacity.
Type
• Suitable for B Over
all roofs > 5°.watershed Type D - Tray
Type C Under/over tapered
• Can be used for a retrofit.
• Support required.
• Limited to 1.1m wide and 2.4m long.
FLASHING GUIDE
Fall
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
Type D Tray
16
3.12 FLASHING LARGE ROOF PENETRATIONS Figure 3.12.1
Penetrations through ribbed cladding block the valleys (or pans), Flashing method 1: Head gutter.
and thus affect the free flow of rainwater down a roof. All flashings
Head gutter positioned under
have to weatherproof the cladding – but on the uphill side of large sheet, sealed and fastened to
penetrations, they also have to channel rainwater sideways into sheeting. Support gutter and
valleys that run unobstructed to the eaves. ends of roofing.
Four methods are described here. In all methods the ends of cut Check flashing to masonry
ribs may be closed off with caps on the outside of the rib, or with structure is embedded into
Steel apron
plugs inside the ribs. Plugs must be used on side-laps to allow the mortar joints prior to fitting
flashing notched
apron flashing under. Ends of ribs sealed
anti-capillary cavity to drain. and turned down
over roof sheeting
Note: For masonry construction, Building Code Australia (BCA)
requires the use of Damp Proof Course (DPC) to ensure weather-
proofing. For acceptable methods see BCA section on weather-
proofing masonry.
SUPPORT FRAMING
Wherever one or more of the sheet ribs are cut, you must provide
framing to support the cut ends of the roof cladding each side of Fall
Tray ends
the penetration. turned up
Steel apron flashing Rib sealed to
EXISTING FLASHING turned down close to rib back of gutter
to allow maximum
If you have to re-use lead flashings that are built into the structure, drainage in sheeting tray.
special protection is needed.
METHOD 1: HEAD GUTTER AND APRON FLASHINGS Figure 3.12.2
This is often the simplest method, and commonly used for existing Flashing method 2: Flat tray and sleeve.
protrusions (Figure 3.12.1).
METHOD 2: FLAT TRAY AND SLEEVE Ribs closed and sealed
To avoid fitting and sealing end caps to all the sheet ribs on the low Sleeve has clearance around protrusion.
Flash top of sleeve with over-flashing from protrusion.
side of the penetration, an apron flashing can be fitted to the sleeve
Ends of ribs sealed
and sealed to the tray each side.
METHOD 3: TRAY GUTTER FOR STEEPER ROOFS
If the roof pitch is more than, say 1 in 12 (5°), you cut the roof
cladding sufficiently high above the penetration to allow a tray Tray
Tray turn up
gutter to raise rainwater over the top of the sheet ribs and divert it
around the penetration (Figure 3.12.3). Sleeve
the penetration), you can fit a simple flat tray, on top of the roofing,
so that it extends from under the capping down to a sleeve around Sleeve sealed and
fastened to tray
the penetration. Roofing sealed and
fixed to tray
Tray
turn up
Tray
Sleeve
FLASHING GUIDE
Fall
Cut side of roofing rib to match slope of tray. Sides of tray turned
up behind cut rib then sealed and fixed to rib.
Sleeve has clearance around
Ends of ribs sealed. protrusion. Flash top of
Tray sealed and sleeve with over-flashing
fixed to roofing. from protrusion.
W
id
‘W th
’
Fall
Roofing
Framing to
support tray Supports for cut
ends of roofing
Section X-X
The based of the tray over width ‘W’ slopes slightly towards the
protrusion. The width ‘W’ varies with this slope, the roof pitch and the
rib height. Thus:
Rib Height
W = sin (roof pitch - slope of tray)
For example: if the tray slopes 1 in 50 (l) and the roof pitch is 1 in 12 (5).
RIB DEPTH WIDTH ‘W’ (minimum)
25mm 360mm
29mm 420mm
41mm 590mm
Figure 3.12.4
Flashing method 4: Penetrations close to ridge capping.
Coated steel tray with 2 sides turned
down over ribs. Tray must be Turn up fits
supported by roofing underneath. under capping
Tapered skirt and sleeve
Turn down
and notch
Extra support
for roofing
FLASHING GUIDE
Turn up on low
pitch roofs
18
3.13 FLASHING SMALL ROOF PENETRATIONS Figure 3.13.1
A flanged cylindrical sleeve is a fairly simple method of flashing Small penetration with metal skirt and sleeve.
around small penetrations (such as pipe penetrations) which fit
between the ribs of a roof sheet, or penetrate only a single rib. Penetration Penetration
Two methods are described here. Wherever roofing is cut, you between ribs through ribs
must consider providing extra support for the roofing above and
below the penetration. Where one or more of the sheet ribs are
cut, you must provide framing to support at the cut ends of the roof
cladding each side of the penetration.
METHOD 1: TAPERED METAL SKIRT AND SLEEVE
This method uses parts custom-fabricated from metal. There is
no positive seal between inside the building and the outside
atmosphere (Figure 3.13.1).
METHOD 2: SLEEVE
This is often the simplest method (Figure 3.13.2). Flexible flanged
sleeves can be bought for flashing around penetrations of at least
350mm diameter. They overcome the problem of capping and
sealing the open ends of cut ribs. A sleeve is commonly used,
though silicone sealant has a wider operating temperature range
and is available in a wider range of colours.
The flange around the base of the sleeve can be contoured by Draw band
hand to match the cladding profile before it is sealed and fixed to Tapered skirt
Small penetration
the cladding.
Be careful not to dam any valleys or pans so that rainwater can drain Flanged
sleeve
freely from the high side of the roof penetration. Moisture held in Sealant
such areas can cause deterioration of the sheet coating, reduced
life expectancy or poor appearance.
Roofing
Where damming of any valley or tray is unavoidable, due to the size
of the pipe penetration, treat the installation as a large penetration. Fastenings Clearance
essential
COPPER PENETRATIONS
All copper pipe penetrations through ZINCALUME® or
COLORBOND® steel cladding must be physically and electrically Figure 3.13.2
isolated from the cladding. This can be done by using a sleeve of
PVC polyethylene or similar plastic that is also ultra-violet stable. Small penetration with sleeve. (Dektite® sleeve illustrated).
FLASHING GUIDE
19
3.14 EXPANSION Table 3.14.1
BACKGROUND ON THERMAL EXPANSION Thermal expansion and contraction of steel cladding.
All metals expand and contract with changes in temperature. Sheet length (mm) Expansion or contraction (mm)
Although steel is by far the least affected of all the metals 10°C change 50°C change 75°C change
commonly used for roof and wall cladding, the changes in length
5000 0.6 3 4.5
experienced in very long runs of roofing are significant.
10000 1.2 6 9
On a clear hot summer day, with no wind, the steel 15000 1.8 9 13.5
temperature in roof cladding can reach approximately 50°C in 20000 2.4 12 18
COLORBOND® SURFMIST®, 60°C in plain ZINCALUME® and 25000 3.0 15 22.5
more than 80°C in COLORBOND® NIGHT SKY®.
30000 3.6 18 27
Examples of the thermal changes in lengths of steel cladding that
would result from various temperature changes in the steel are Table 3.14.2
shown in Table 3.14.1.
Maximum distance between top & bottom rows of fasteners on a
The actual expansion or contraction between the end of a sheet sheet, before expansion joint is needed.
and the last support would only be a fraction of the figures
shown because the movement in the length of fixed cladding Fixing system Maximum distance between top and
would normally take place from the centre towards each end of bottom rows of fasteners (m)
the sheet. The movement at each end is thus only half the total Pierce-fixed through crests 24
expansion or contraction. Walling pierced-fixed in valleys/pans 15
Table 3.14.2 shows the maximum distance between the top and
bottom rows of fasteners on a pierce-fixed sheet. For LONGLINE
in distances of greater than 35m, please contact your LYSAGHT®
branch for advice. If the total length of two sheets pierce-fixed Trays turned up
CUSTOM ORB, BLUE ORB & ACCENT 21 CUSTOM ORB, BLUE ORB & ACCENT 21 CUSTOM ORB, BLUE ORB & ACCENT 21 VALLEY FLASHING
20 20
200 180 180 100 180
20 * 20
160
70 30 120˚ 30 160
120
120˚ 180 * 180
10
TRIMDEK & SPANDEK TRIMDEK & SPANDEK TRIMDEK & SPANDEK RIBBED VALLEY
CUSTOM ORB ACCENT 35 CUSTOM ORB ACCENT 35 CUSTOM ORB ACCENT 35 VALLEY SUPPORT
230 *
deg ˚ 20
140
Barge roll capping
TRIMDEK & SPANDEK
190 10
50 160 20
160
220 * deg ˚
2400mm length only 30
140
SPEAR POINT
KLIP-LOK & SPANRIB
10
210 *
deg ˚
140 40
215 *
deg ˚
140 35
120˚
FLASHING GUIDE
21
Victoria
Side capping Baffle flashing Ridge capping Valley gutter
(Parapet upstand side flashing)
50 10 10
CUSTOM ORB (Universal Capping) CUSTOM ORB (Universal) 120
Code: UC Code: UBF 120
25 25 190 190
150 80 95
10 10 310
70 85 150
10
V-RIDGE Counter flashing
TRIMDEK & SPANDEK TRIMDEK & SPANDEK 180 180
Code: STC Code: STBF 10
75
310 25
140 20 70 10
95 20 105
70 85 150
10 KLIPLOK
Code: BK
KLIP-LOK 145
KLIP-LOK 145
Code: BKC Code: BKBF
42 42
310
Barge roll
160 40 60 95 150
40
90 85 140 50
TRIMDEK & SPANDEK
10 Code: ST
145 Lengths: 2400mm and 1800mm
145
27 27
305
Tasmania
Barge capping Ridge capping Valley gutter
CUSTOM ORB, TRIMDEK & SPANDEK CUSTOM ORB KLIP-LOK
V-TOP RIDGE CAPPING V-TOP RIDGE CAPPING
150
175 175 190 190
75 145 145
85
75
310 42 310 42
Queensland
Single-sided ant capping Horizontal ant capping Round vent stays Tile valley gutter
0.55mm & 1800mm long 0.55x50x1800mm 1800mm long 0.35x465x2400mm
50x38mm 150x30mm 0.55x75x1800mm
75x38mm 200x38mm
113x38mm 225x38mm
Double-sided ant capping Window flashings/door heads Roll-top ridge capping Roll-top barge capping
0.55mm & 1800mm long 1800mm long 0.4x310mm Custom cut to length 0.4x400 Custom cut up to 8000mm
38x117x38 38x200x38 50x38mm Nth QLD have 450mm girth roll top ridge
38x113x38 38x225x38 75x38mm W.S. (and matching three break)
38x150x38 113x75mm Q.H.C
50
120
120
25 25
Bribie Island ant capping Drip strip Ridge capping - three break Gable roll
Vertical/horizontal ant capping 0.4x50x1800mm CUSTOM ORB & TRIMDEK 0.55x50x1800mm
0.55x50x1800mm Standard 20 pitch Custom cut up to 8000mm 0.55x50x2400mm
0.55x75x1800mm 0.4x400
FLASHING GUIDE
0.55x400
170
170
30 120 30
95
25 SPANDEK BARGE
25
10 Adjustable box gutter brackets 156
31
100 120 º
TYPE R BARGEMOULD, Size 1: 250-400mm Roll ridge to suit fibreglass &
1800 & 2400mm long Size 2: 400-650mm
Size 3: 700-1000mm plastic curving sections
140
10 Material: 0.55 BMT
TRIMDEK BARGE
80
170
10 Adjustable 30
90 120 º *Nominate roof pitch
8
0.4mm BMT
ZINCALUME or COLORBOND
395mm girth
20
20
178 178
Profile types
Type 1 (CF1) Type 5 (CF5) Type 9 (CF14) Type 12 (CF32)
B C A
A
A D B B D C
C A
C
B
B B
B
C
C D
FLASHING GUIDE
A
D
C
D
A C
B
B
A
24
3.17 BOX GUTTERS Figure
Emline 3.17.1Quad Ogee Sheerline Trimline Col
FLASHING GUIDE
25
3.18 BARGE GUTTERS AND CAPPINGS
Barge gutters are designed to provide an option for the Purlin
rainwater carrying capacity for the sides of buildings.
This detail is the most common way to flash the side of a steel
clad roof.
Barge
Figure 3.18.1
Barge gutters and cappings.
Barge flashing
150mm
100mm
Flange to match
profile depth
150mm
Barge
Barge flashing
150mm
Purlin
Barge
150mm
2-piece seamed
barge capping
required for
curved roofs
FLASHING GUIDE
Flange to match
profile depth
150mm
26
4.0 Typical wall flashings
4.1 CLADDING ORIENTATION Figure 4.1.1
Cladding is usually installed with the profile running vertically or Types of flashing laps.
horizontally, though sheets have been laid diagonally—the choice
is aesthetic. Straight Overlap Flashing
Wind can drive rain hard against wall flashings, so it is important
Direction of water flow 150-200mm overlap
that you pay attention to the detailing of flashings around
windows, doors, re-entrant and external corners, to ensure you
get a watertight building. You also want a neat appearance.
We make wall flashings for some wall claddings (like EASYCLAD® Continuous beads
of silicon
and MINI ORB®) which are sometimes called trims. Where these
are not suitable, custom-made flashings can be easily produced Soaker (underlap) Flashing
following the general principles described in this section.
Continuous beads of silicon
4.2 WALLING PROFILE RUNNING
HORIZONTALLY
• It is usual to lay the first sheet at the bottom of a wall and work
upwards towards the eaves. You want the window and door
flashings to fit properly into the valleys, so you should locate mm
/300
the first sheet relative to the heads and sills of doors and 200
windows. Thus, you first have to decide where the cladding
will eventually be located at the heads of doorways and at the
heads and sills of windows before you place the first sheet.
• Where possible, select the vertical size of windows so that the Openings 15mm
flashings at both heads and sills will coincide neatly with the
pitch of your profile. 25mm
• Be sure that the crests of the profile align with each other (15mm min.)
15mm
on adjacent walls, either side of a corner—this ensures that
horizontal flashings fit properly into all valleys.
• Where valleys create a void at flashings, use closed-cell foam
plastic infill. Sheet Overhang
• Where wind-driven rain can be expected, turn back the edges
Maximum as
of flashing to restrict water movement past the flashing. recommended
for profile
um
m inim
50 mm
Minimum fall
Minimum fall
for drainage 5°
for drainage 5°
FLASHING GUIDE
Flashing is fixed using self drilling screws or rivets. Fixing as close as possible
to the edge reduces distortion. Wind exposed areas near the edge of the
building may require additional fixing.
27
4.3 TYPES OF FLASHINGS
Figure 4.1.2
Edge types.
10mm
minimum
10mm
minimum
Figure 4.1.3
Types of flashing laps.
Roof Underlap Roof Overlap
m
0m
/25
150
mm
/ 250
150
Drip edge
FLASHING GUIDE
50/100mm 50/100mm
50/100mm
28
28 CD22 Edge25 trim
CD4 Feature section (Subject to enquiry in SA)
CD4
22 Feature section 15 15
38
28 15 20 20
17 28 38
15 section 15
CD15 Tee CD 20 Butt Joint Trim - 75
CD 26 Internal20corner50 45
CD1 Trim channel CD1
75 Trim channel
15 45
25 Top Hat 75 50 45
2.5
15 50
15
CD15 Tee section 15 EC3 Fascia capping 50
CD2138
CD 40 Starter Clip
38 Use with PANELRIB®, Butt joint
15 trim-Overlap
15
EC3 Fascia capping
20 20 MULTICLAD® and MINI ORB® EC3
Use with EASYCLAD®
EC3 Fascia
Fascia capping
capping
38
38 CD40 Starting clip
CD40
CD20Starting
38 Butt jointclip
trim-Top hat
33
38 6 Internal
28
CD 28
10 18 10
corner trim
4.5 MID WALL CONNECTIONS
50mm minimum
Depth to suit profile flange
Cladding
profile
30mm
Continuous Continuous
min.
silicon seal silicon seal
Flashing
Notched to
Internal Corner Trim suit profile Feathered edge
(165º typical)
50mm
50mm
(typical)
(typical)
FLASHING GUIDE
30
4.7 EXTERNAL CORNER CONNECTIONS
50mm
50mm
typical
typical
To suit To suit
profile profile
50mm
50mm typical
typical
To suit To suit
profile profile
50mm 50mm
typical typical
30
10 75 10 75
10
10
30
50 (75 without crush 50
and fold) 50
10
10
30 10
25 (subject to
FLASHING GUIDE
10 corrugation)
50
10
31
4.9 FLASHINGS FOR HORIZONTAL Figure 4.9.1
CORRUGATE CLADDING Butt details.
Extra care and attention to the detailing and fixing of horizontally
oriented corrugate cladding is required. Designers using External Corner
horizontally fixed corrugate sheets as a design feature should 50mm
recognise that there are a number of requirements which
differentiate horizontal from vertical profiled cladding.
25mm
Horizontal cladding exposes the defects in the visual appearance
of the framing to a much greater extent than vertical cladding 50mm
does. The plane of the supports both horizontally and vertically 50mm
should be straight within a very limited tolerance (5mm in 10m)
The vertical and horizontal planes of framing members should 25mm
exhibit little or no twist. Therefore, the standard of framing should
be inspected and approved the before the commencement of
any cladding installation. 10mm crush
and fold to be
Horizontal cladding should be fixed in the pan as this provides a flattened over a
stronger, more economical and aesthetic fastening than crest or 50mm spacer bar
rib fixing. The wind design load for the building will determine
the number, spacing and the position of the fasteners. A butt
detail to join horizontal cladding which is simple and aesthetically
pleasing is to provide a vertical break at structural steel frame
centres. Use a top hat or tee flashing section at the join, but
ensure the exact sheet length required is used. These sheets Tee flashing
must be cut accurately to within 1mm to provide a neat joint.
50mm 50mm
Condensation is likely when horizontal metal cladding is directly
fixed to a lined or insulated wall. Therefore it is recommended
that horizontal laps are sealed with sealant or lap tape. 25mm
Jointer
50mm 50mm
25mm
25mm
30mm
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
32
4.11 TOE-MOULD TYPE FLASHINGS Figure 4.10.2
Flashing at wall footings should include a fall on “horizontal’ Flashings for vertical cladding.
planes & be of a sufficient size to ensure good drainage away
from the sheeting & to avoid potential build-up of debris.
75mm
c. butt
The module set-out of horizontal cladding should be
determined by the height of the window.
Generally speaking, to achieve good weathering
characteristics, window and door detailing should be
performed after the cladding and other flashing has been fitted.
≥10°
However, the installation of a head flashing, for example,
requires that it is behind the cladding and protects the window
by exiting over the cladding. The depth of the cladding
determines the offset. A fall to the front of 10° (minimum) is
recommended.
Lap the cladding at the window or door head height when
lapping horizontal cladding.
If the window is within the depth of the wall of the building, the
flashings are termed ‘reveal or recessed flashings’. Windows
and doors can be recessed to the front of the frame or flush
in line with the cladding. Either way, they both have the same
overflashing design, however a recessed design has the
advantage of a better weathering detail. A recessed design Space 5mm (min.)
can result in unwashed areas of metal, which will require some
maintenance for durability.
Because they do not overflash the metal cladding, butt flashing
details are not considered suitable for residential closed cavity
construction. Figure 4.10.3
To avoid ponding and the build up of dirt and debris, all Toe-Mould Type Flashing.
exposed horizontal metal flashings (including the head or sill
flashings) must have a minimum 10° pitch.
To provide a weather-tight joint, all sills should be riveted and
sealed.
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
33
4.14 FLUSH WINDOW FLASHINGS
The position of the profile rib may require the height of the sill
flashing may have to be adjusted slightly.
Flush mounted windows or doors permit a wide choice of
flashings to be utilised. You can choose to have the window frame
is mounted externally to the cladding, or timber facings, or any
number of other designs.
An under jamb and a front or face jamb is used for both the flush
and recess flashings.
Add 10mm on the jamb liner size to the trim sizes for aluminium
windows. Add 15mm vertically to the trim size for a flush flashing
design as this allows for a 10mm packer.
Stage 1 Stage 2
All ends
turned up
Flatten profile
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
34
Figure 4.14.3
Flush window head flashing.
Figure 4.14.4
Flush window sill flashing.
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
35
4.15 RECESSED WINDOW FLASHINGS
A recessed window flashing design is considered the best option
for horizontal cladding but accurate flashing measurement and
installation are required to provide weather-tightness.
N.B. For lined buildings a cavity is required for horizontal metal
cladding.
Figure 4.14.1
Recessed window flashings.
10
10
30
50 (75 without crush and fold)
10
10 15 10
15
30
30
30
50
50
50 15
25
15
15 10 10
10
Extended head
flashing should
be turned down
at the end
Recommended
minimum 10° angle
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
36
4.16 BUTT WINDOW FLASHINGS Additionally, butt flashings require precise and accurate installation
to provide an aesthetically agreeable solution. Consideration
In some instances, the cladding can terminate up to a flashing
should be given to the size of the catchment area they drain and
without overflashing, but this requires accurate fitting to be
whether adequate framing structure exists to fix them correctly.
weather-resistant. (see Figure 4.15.2). Called ‘butt flashings’ they
Given all these factors, they are not a preferred detail.
can be used on flush or recess designs with a one-piece jamb.
They are not suitable for areas with high wind design loads. Careful Drainage from multi-storey building can be considerable. A rule-of-
attention to design, measurement and precision manufacture are all thumb is to calculate this by multiplying the width of the window
necessary to provide a weather-resistant solution. opening by half the height. Treat water disposal at a butt flashing as
you would a penetration.
Figure 4.15.1
Butt window flashings (underlay is omitted for clarity).
30 50
50 50
25
Jamb overlaps sill
15
15 50
Subject to 10
10 corrugation
10
Extra material
may be required
Minimum
10° angle
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
37
4.16 FLASHINGS FOR VERTICAL CLADDING Figure 4.16.1
A cavity is not required for vertical cladding. Window and door Head flashing for vertical cladding.
flashings for vertical or horizontal cladding are similar. The main
difference is that the module is running horizontally. Corrugation must be flattened at lap
Figure 4.16.2
Sill flashing for vertical cladding.
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
38
4.17 ALTERNATIVE FLASHING DESIGNS Figure 4.17.1
This document does not claim to be comprehensive - there Alternative flashing designs.
are many alternate ways to successfully use butt flashings to to
weather-proof a window.
If it is a ‘panelised’ opening, the vertical jamb flashing can be
extended from soffit to the ground for single storey buildings
or to a module break in a multi-storey building as shown in
drawing 4.16.1.
This alternative provides the opportunity to use the same or
an alternative material at the head and sill areas and a top hat
flashing is used to obtain a module break.
Figure 4.17.2
Alternative flashing designs.
Alternative material
Foam infill strip
FLASHING GUIDE
These drawings are based on drawings from the NZ METAL ROOF AND WALL CLADDING CODE OF PRACTICE (Version 2.2: 2012).
39
PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS
• All descriptions, specifications, illustrations, drawings,
data, dimensions and weights contained in this catalogue,
all technical literature and websites containing information
from Lysaght are approximations only. They are intended
by Lysaght to be a general description for information
and identification purposes and do not create a sale by
description. Lysaght reserves the right at any time to:
DISCLAIMER, WARRANTIES
AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
• This publication is intended to be an aid for all trades
and professionals involved with specifying and
installing Lysaght products and not to be a substitute for
professional judgement.
• Terms and conditions of sale available at local Lysaght
sales offices.
• Except to the extent to which liability may not lawfully
be excluded or limited, BlueScope Steel Limited will
not be under or incur any liability to you for any direct or
indirect loss or damage (including, without limitation,
consequential loss or damage such as loss of profit or
anticipated profit, loss of use, damage to goodwill and
loss due to delay) however caused (including, without
limitation, breach of contract, negligence and/or breach
of statute), which you may suffer or incur in connection
with this publication.
© Copyright BlueScope Steel Limited 5 July, 2016
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