ToC ADA Lawsuit
ToC ADA Lawsuit
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LAURA GONZALES, :
an individual, : CIVIL ACTION
:
Plaintiff, : CASE NO.:
:
vs. : Judge:
:
: Magistrate:
TOWN OF CICERO and LARRY :
DOMINICK, in his official capacity as :
President, :
Defendants. :
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COMPLAINT
Plaintiff, LAURA GONZALES, by and through her undersigned counsel, hereby files this
Complaint against the TOWN OF CICERO for compensatory and nominal1 damages, declaratory
and injunctive relief, and attorneys’ fees and costs pursuant to Title II of the Americans with
Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. § 12131 et seq. (hereinafter “ADA”) and the Rehabilitation Act of
1973, 29 U.S.C. § 794 et seq. (hereinafter “Rehabilitation Act”). LAURA GONZALES also sues
LARRY DOMINICK, in his official capacity as President (collectively both defendants referred
to as “Defendants”), for injunctive and declaratory relief and attorneys’ fees and costs pursuant to
1. This is an action for relief pursuant to Title II of the ADA, 42 U.S.C. § 12131 et seq., and
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With regard to Ms. Gonzales’ request for nominal damages, it is Ms. Gonzales’ position that even
award of nominal damages would confer significant civil rights to the public, as a judgment in her
favor against the Town of Cicero, regardless of the amount, would deter the Town of Cicero from
discriminating against individuals with disabilities in the future.
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2. This Court is vested with original jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1343.
4. Plaintiff, Laura Gonzales, is a resident of Cook County, Illinois. Ms. Gonzales resides
approximately seven (7) miles away from the local township at issue in this lawsuit.
5. Ms. Gonzales is a qualified individual with a disability under the ADA. Ms. Gonzales has
6. Due to her disability, Ms. Gonzales is substantially impaired in multiple major life
activities, including the major life activity of walking, and requires a wheelchair for
mobility. Further, Ms. Gonzales utilizes a van for her transportation and requires parking
7. Upon information and belief, the Town of Cicero is a political entity located within Cook
County, Illinois.
8. Upon information and belief, the Town of Cicero is the political entity which owns the real
property, improvements, and programs which are the subject of this action, to wit: the
public, on-street parking available on and around Cermak Road between South Lombard
9. Upon information and belief, the Town of Cicero is the political entity which is responsible
for operating, providing, and maintaining the public, on-street parking available on and
10. Upon information and belief, Larry Dominick, named in his official capacity as the
President of the Town of Cicero, is the political official with chief executive power in the
Town of Cicero, and bears responsibility in his official capacity as President for
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administering, operating, and maintaining the Town of Cicero’s public goods and services.
11. Upon information and belief, the Town of Cicero provides numerous public, on-street
12. On information and belief, the number of designated accessible parking spaces throughout
13. Defendants are responsible for complying with the obligations of the ADA.
14. Defendants are responsible for ensuring that the public, on-street parking on and around
the Property complies with the ADA and that the programs, facilities, and accommodations
15. All events giving rise to this lawsuit occurred in the Northern District of Illinois.
16. Defendants are obligated to comply with the ADA at the Property.
17. Ms. Gonzales realleges and reavers Paragraphs 1 - 16 as if they were expressly restated
herein.
18. On information and belief, the Defendants operate, provide, and maintain the public, on-
street parking available on and around the Property. Specifically, this public, on-street
parking is located on Cermak Road. This public, on-street parking serves a major business
district along Cermak Road between South Lombard Avenue and South Laramie Avenue,
on which there are situated many stores and retailers (hereinafter, “Cermak Road Business
District”).
19. Ms. Gonzales has been to the TOWN OF CICERO and the Cermak Road Business District
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numerous times in the past, and visits the area on a regular basis.
20. Upon information and belief, MS. GONZALES last visited the Cermak Road Business
District as recently as December 2019. MS. GONZALES routinely visits and desires to
visit the Cermak Road Business District two to three times each month to buy specialty
groceries from local Latin grocery stores and patronize local Latin bakeries, such as
21. While in the Cermak Road Business District, Ms. Gonzales has tried to park in the ADA
accessible-designated parking spaces provided by the Defendants, but has had great
difficulty due to the Defendants’ failure to provide or otherwise maintain compliant ADA
accessible parking spaces amongst the public, on-street parking available on and around
the Property. Defendants’ failure to provide or maintain compliant ADA accessible parking
on or around the Property hinders Ms. Gonzales’ ability to access the services and utilize
22. Specifically, Ms. Gonzales has experienced serious difficulty accessing the goods and
utilizing the services offered at the Property due to the architectural barriers as discussed
23. Ms. Gonzales continues to desire to visit the Cermak Road Business District and patronize
the various grocery stores, bakeries, and other businesses, but fears that she will continue
24. The barriers on or around the Property discussed below in Paragraph 39 are excluding, or
will exclude, Ms. Gonzales from the programs, activities, and services that are available in
25. On street parking in the Cermak Road Business District is itself a program, activity, or
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service of the Defendants because it facilitates free and convenient access to local
government and solves a collective action problem. See, e.g., Frame v. City of Arlington,
26. In the event the Defendants engage in one-time activities to update and improve the public
parking at issue in this case, the passage of time will inevitably require future maintenance
and ongoing upkeep of the parking lots. See Johnson v. Young, et. al, 2:17-cv-01642, 2018
27. Ms. Gonzales plans to and will visit the Property in the future as a patron and to determine
28. Ms. Gonzales presently fears that she will encounter the mobility-related barriers which
exist at the Property when she returns to the Property in the near future.
29. On information and belief, the architectural barriers described in Paragraph 39 are uniform
and pervasive throughout many of the designated accessible parking spaces throughout the
Property.
30. On or around October 12, 2018, attorney Emily Westermeier sent a letter to Larry
Dominick detailing the ADA barriers Ms. Gonzales encountered at the Property.
31. In the letter, Defendants were provided with Notice of the ADA barriers and Ms. Gonzales’
32. On or around January 7, 2019, counsel for Defendants, Mr. Joseph A. Giambrone, issued
a response to the October 12, 2018 letter. Mr. Giambrone represented that Cermak Road
between South Lombard and South Laramie would be resurfaced during spring 2019 and
that the resurfaced parking spaces would comply with the ADA.
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33. Upon information and belief, in and around the spring and summer of 2019, the road and
parking spaces on Cermak Road between South Lombard and South Laramie were
34. After the parking spaces were resurfaced and restriped, Ms. Gonzales returned to the
35. On September 27, 2019, at the request of Ms. Gonzales’ counsel, Mr. Nicholas Heybeck,
P.E. visited the Property and performed an inspection of all parking spaces along Cermak
Road between the cross streets of South Lombard Avenue to South Laramie Avenue. Mr.
engineering, consulting, and expert witness services. Mr. Heybeck observed and
36. Based on Mr. Heybeck’s inspection of the Property, he determined that the parking spaces
do not meet the accessibility guidelines found in the 1991 ADA Standards for Accessible
37. By and through Ms. Gonzales’ October 12, 2018 letter, Defendants had notice of
Ms. Gonzales’ disability, her limitations, and her need for accommodation.
38. Nonetheless, despite knowledge of her need for accommodation, Defendants failed to
39. Upon information and belief, Defendants are in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 12131 et seq. and
28 C.F.R. § 35.102 et seq. and the Property is not accessible due to, but not limited to, the
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Property that do have access aisles, at least two of the access aisles
circulation path;
spaces and there is a nearly 0.4 mile stretch along the Property
Property.
40. Ms. Gonzales continues to desire to visit the Property but will continue to experience
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41. Ms. Gonzales intends to and will visit the Property to utilize its goods and services in the
future, but fears that Defendants will continue to discriminate against her by failing to
42. Independent of her intent to return as a patron to the Property, Ms. Gonzales additionally
intends to return as an ADA tester to determine whether the barriers to access stated herein
43. Upon information and belief, all barriers to access and ADA violations still exist and have
not been remedied or altered in such a way as to effectuate compliance with the provisions
of the ADA.
44. Upon information and belief, removal of the barriers to access located on the Property
would provide Ms. Gonzales with an equal opportunity to participate in, or benefit from,
the goods, services, programs, activities, and accommodations which are offered to the
interactive dialogue with Ms. Gonzales and her counsel about Ms. Gonzales’ needs.
46. Defendants failed to reasonably accommodate Ms. Gonzales by failing to ensure that the
resurfaced and restriped parking spaces at the Property were compliant with the ADA.
47. Defendants failed to reasonably accommodate Ms. Gonzales by failing to provide her with
Property.
48. Defendants had knowledge of Ms. Gonzales’ disability, limitations, and need for
accommodations, but chose not to accommodate her needs. This constitutes “intentional
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discrimination.”
49. By and through the actions set forth above, Defendants committed “intentional
discrimination.”
50. 42 U.S.C. § 12133 provides: “[t]he remedies, procedures, and rights set forth in section
794 of Title 29 shall be the remedies, procedures, and rights this subchapter provides to
any person alleging discrimination on the basis of disability in violations of section 12132
of this title.”
51. Defendants have discriminated against Ms. Gonzales by denying her full access to the
services, programs, and/or activities by failing to make its facilities readily accessible as
required by 42 U.S.C. § 12132 and its implementing regulations at 28 C.F.R. Part 35.
52. Defendants have discriminated, and are continuing to discriminate, against Ms. Gonzales
in violation of the ADA by excluding and/or denying Ms. Gonzales the full and equal
benefits of its services, programs, and/or activities by failing to, inter alia, have accessible
facilities. Ms. Gonzales has reasonable ground for believing that she is about to be
subjected to discrimination as a result of the barriers which are discussed in Paragraph 39.
53. 28 C.F.R. § 35.130(b)(1) states that “[a] public entity, in providing any aid, benefit, or
service, may not .... on the basis of disability—(i) [d]eny a qualified individual with a
disability the opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service [or]
from the aid, benefit, or service that is not equal to that afforded others.” 28 C.F.R. §
35.130(b)(3) similarly states that “[a] public entity may not … utilize … methods of
administration (i) [t]hat have the effect of subjecting qualified individuals with disabilities
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to discrimination on the basis of disability [or] (ii) [t]hat have the purpose or effect of
program with respect to individuals with disabilities.” Defendants have violated these
provisions by providing their services, programs, and/or activities in a manner that renders
them inaccessible to people with disabilities and/or failing to maintain their designated
accessible parking spots for people with disabilities so that they are compliant with law
54. Defendants have discriminated against Ms. Gonzales by excluding her from participation
in, and denying the benefits of the Property because of Ms. Gonzales disability, all in
55. Upon information and belief, Ms. Gonzales has been denied access to, and has been denied
the benefits of services, programs and/or activities of Defendants’ Property, and has
discrimination, as set forth above. Ms. Gonzales will continue to suffer such
discrimination, injury, and damage without the immediate relief provided by the ADA as
requested herein. Furthermore, as required by the ADA and all other remedial civil rights
catalogue and cure all the areas of non-compliance with the ADA.
56. Defendants’ exclusion of Ms. Gonzales from full and equal benefits of the Property caused
Ms. Gonzales to experience isolation, segregation, frustration, and invasion of her civil
rights.
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57. Defendants, through their staff and/or employees, knew or should have known of their
disabilities, including individuals who are wheelchair users, and to engage in practices to
58. Defendants, through their staff and/or employees, knew or should have known that their
policies and practices created an unreasonable risk of causing Ms. Gonzales greater levels
of isolation, segregation, frustration, and invasion of her civil rights than a non-disabled
59. The harm sustained by Ms. Gonzales herein is the expected and foreseeable consequence
of Defendants’ failure to comply with the requirements and mandates of Title II of the
ADA. This statute and accompanying regulations exist to ensure that individuals with
disabilities will have equal access to places of public accommodations. When the
Defendants failed to adhere to their obligations under these regulations, it was imminently
foreseeable that those with disabilities would sustain the exact harms alleged by Ms.
60. Despite the Defendants’ knowledge of their obligation to accommodate persons with
disabilities, they did not take adequate steps to ensure that they provided or maintained
accessible parking on or around the Property for individuals with disabilities, like
Ms. Gonzales.
61. As a result of the Defendants’ failure to ensure equal access to Ms. Gonzales, she received
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62. Based upon their failure to bring the Property into compliance with the requirements of the
ADA, Defendants discriminated against Ms. Gonzales with deliberate indifference to her
63. Based on the facts alleged above, the Defendants intentionally discriminated against
Ms. Gonzales.
64. Upon information and belief, the Defendants were purposeful in their choices, which is
65. In the alternative, the Defendants are liable under Title II of the ADA pursuant to Alexander
v. Choate, in which the U.S. Supreme Court expressly rejected the notion that a plaintiff is
impact discrimination under Title II. See 469 U.S. 287, 295 (1985).
66. By and through the Defendants’ failures to make their programs, services, and activities
disparate impact discrimination sufficient to state a claim for damages under Title II of the
ADA.
67. Ms. Gonzales has retained the undersigned counsel and is entitled to recover compensatory
and nominal damages, reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and litigation expenses from
68. With regards to Ms. Gonzales’ request for nominal damages, it is Ms. Gonzales’ position
that an award of nominal damages would confer significant civil rights to the public, as a
judgment in her favor against the Defendants, regardless of the amount, would deter them
69. Ms. Gonzales is without adequate remedy at law and is suffering irreparable harm.
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70. Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 12131, et seq., this Court is provided authority to grant
Ms. Gonzales’ requested injunctive relief including an order that Defendants alter the
Property to make the facilities, programs, and/or activities therein readily accessible and
usable to Ms. Gonzales and all other persons with disabilities as defined by the ADA.
COUNT II
VIOLATION OF THE REHABILITATION ACT
71. Ms. Gonzales adopts and re-alleges the allegations contained in Paragraphs 1-71 as if fully
state herein.
72. Ms. Gonzales brings this claim against Defendants, based upon the Rehabilitation Act, 29
defined by 7(8) [29 U.S.C. § 706(8)], shall, solely by reason of his or her
handicap, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of,
29 U.S.C. § 794(a).
74. Upon information and belief, as set forth herein, Defendants have violated the
Rehabilitation Act by excluding Ms. Gonzales, solely by reason of her disabilities, from
the participation in, and denying her the benefits of, and has otherwise subjected her to
75. Upon information and belief, a non-exclusive list of Defendants’ violations of the
Rehabilitation Act and discriminatory conduct against Ms. Gonzales are evidenced by:
A. Limiting Ms. Gonzales in the enjoyment of the rights, privileges, advantages and
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B. Excluding Ms. Gonzales from participation in, and the benefits of, Defendants’
76. Upon information and belief, there are additional, ongoing violations of the Rehabilitation
Act at the Property which Ms. Gonzales is more likely than not going to encounter upon
her future visits to the Property. Ms. Gonzales brings this action:
Defendants’ ongoing failure to cease its discriminatory practices as set forth in this
action, including correcting past violations of the Act and/or avoiding future
E. to reasonably avoid future ADA and Rehabilitation Act litigation involving the
same Property and under the same laws as set forth herein with its concomitant
77. Only through a complete inspection of the Property and related facilities, undertaken by
Ms. Gonzales and/or her representatives, can all said violations be identified and cured so
as to ensure access for people with disabilities, the primary purpose of this action.
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78. Upon information and belief, the Town of Cicero is the recipient of federal funds.
79. Upon information and belief, as the recipient of federal funds, Defendants are liable for
damages to Ms. Gonzales as a result of their acts and omissions constituting intentional
discrimination.
80. As set forth above, Ms. Gonzales has been, and without the relief requested herein will
continue to be, denied access to the goods, services, programs, facilities, activities, and
otherwise been discriminated against and damaged solely by reason of her disabilities as a
81. The Defendants’ exclusion of Ms. Gonzales from full and equal benefits of their services,
programs, and activities caused Ms. Gonzales to suffer isolation, segregation, frustration,
82. The Defendants, through their staff and/or employees, knew or should have known of their
disabilities, including individuals who are wheelchair users, and to engage in practices to
83. The Defendants, through their staff and/or employees, knew or should have known that
their policies and practices created an unreasonable risk of causing Ms. Gonzales greater
levels of isolation, segregation, frustration, and invasion of her civil rights than a non-
84. The harm sustained by Ms. Gonzales herein is the expected and foreseeable consequence
of the Defendants’ failure to comply with the requirements and mandates of federal civil
rights law. The statute and accompanying regulations exist to ensure that individuals with
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disabilities will have equal access to publicly-owned facilities. When the Defendants failed
to adhere to their obligations under these statutes and regulations, it was imminently
foreseeable that those with disabilities would sustain the exact harms alleged by Ms.
85. Despite the Defendants’ knowledge of their obligation to accommodate persons with
disabilities, they did not take adequate steps to ensure that they provided or maintained
86. As a result of the Defendants’ failure to ensure public parking without architectural barriers
to Ms. Gonzales, she received services that were unequal to those provided to individuals
without disabilities.
87. The Defendants discriminated against Ms. Gonzales with deliberate indifference to her
88. Based on the facts alleged above, the Defendants intentionally discriminated against
Ms. Gonzales.
89. Further, the Defendants were purposeful in their choices, which is sufficient to constitute
90. In the alternative, the Defendants are liable under the Rehabilitation Act pursuant to
Alexander v. Choate, in which the U.S. Supreme Court expressly rejected the notion that a
disparate impact discrimination under the Rehabilitation Act. See 469 U.S. 287, 295
(1985).
91. The harm sustained by Ms. Gonzales herein is the expected and foreseeable consequence
of the Defendants’ failure to comply with the requirements and mandates of the
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Rehabilitation Act. This statute and accompanying regulations exist to ensure that
individuals with disabilities will have equal access to publicly-owned properties. When the
Defendants failed to adhere to their obligations under these regulations, it was imminently
foreseeable that those with disabilities would sustain the exact harms alleged by Ms.
92. By and through the Defendants’ failures to make their programs, services, and activities
disparate impact discrimination sufficient to state a claim for damages under the
Rehabilitation Act. Ms. Gonzales has been obligated to retain undersigned counsel for the
filing and prosecution of this action, and has agreed to pay her counsel reasonable
attorneys’ fees, including costs and litigation expenses, incurred in this action. Ms.
Gonzales is entitled to recover those attorneys’ fees, costs, and litigation expenses from
93. Pursuant to 29 U.S.C. § 794(a) this Court is provided authority to grant Ms. Gonzales’
injunctive relief including an order to alter the subject premises, services, activities,
programs, and accommodations to make them accessible to and usable by individuals with
disabilities to the extent required by the Rehabilitation Act. This Court is further provided
authority to grant Ms. Gonzales compensatory and nominal damages for the Defendants’
discriminatory actions. With regards to Ms. Gonzales’ request for nominal damages, it is
Ms. Gonzales’ position that an award of nominal damages would confer significant civil
rights to the public, as a judgment in her favor against the Defendants, regardless of the
amount, would deter them from discriminating against people with disabilities in the future.
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WHEREFORE, Ms. Gonzales demands judgment against Defendants, and requests the
following relief:
A. That this Court declare that the Property owned, leased, and/or operated by
B. That this Court enter an Order directing Defendants to alter the Property to make it
accessible to and useable by individuals with mobility disabilities to the full extent
C. That this Court award compensatory and nominal damages, reasonable attorneys’
fees, costs (including expert fees), and other expenses of suit, to Ms. Gonzales,
D. That this Court award such other and further relief as it deems necessary, just, and
proper.
Respectfully Submitted,
***AND***
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