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4. What is the purpose of PYTHONPATH environment

variable?

PYTHONPATH has a role similar to PATH. This variable tells

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into a program. It should include Python source library directory
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and the directories containing Python source code. PYTHONPATH

is sometimes preset by Python Installer.
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PYTHONSTARTUP: It contains the path of an initialization

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6. What are the supported data types in Python? 10 Sat, Sun

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Python has ve standard data types:

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Tuples
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7. What is the di erence between lists and tuples?

Lists Tuples 
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Lists are mutable, i.e., Tuples are immutable (Tuples are

they can be edited. lists which cannot be edited).
 Lists are usually slower Tuples are faster than lists.
than tuples.

Syntax: list_1 = [10, Syntax: tup_1 = (10, ‘Intellipaat’ ,

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8. How is memory managed in Python?

Memory in Python is managed by Python private heap

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9. Explain Inheritance in Python with an example.

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class
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classes
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and then another class inherits this derived class forming a
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10. What is a dictionary in Python?

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11. Can you write an e cient code to count the number
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acter.isupper())
12. Write a code to sort a numerical list in Python.

The following code can be used to sort a numerical list in Python:

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list = [“2”, “5”, “7”, “8”, “1”]

list = [int(i) for i in list]
list.sort()
print (list)

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15. What are negative indexes and why are they used?

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that element. The index usually starts from 0, meaning that the 
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rst element has the index 0 and the second has 1, and so on.

When we use the index to access elements from the end of a list,
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elements start from the last element with the index number
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These indexes used in reverse indexing are called negative
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16. What are split(), sub(), and subn() methods in Python?

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to modify strings.

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17. How are range and xrange di erent from one
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In Python 3, xrange() is not The xrange() function is used

supported; instead the
range() function is used to
in Python 2 to iterate in for
loops.
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iterate in for loops.

It returns a list It returns a generator object

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20. Write a code to get indices of N maximum values in a

NumPy array. 
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We can get the indices of N maximum values in a NumPy array

using the below code:
using the below code:

import numpy as np
ar = np.array([1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6])
print(ar.argsort()[-3:][::-1])

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22. What do le-related modules in Python do? Can you
name some le-related modules in Python?
Python comes with some le-related modules that have
functions to manipulate text les and binary les on a le system.
These modules can be used to create text or binary les, update
their content, copy, delete, and more.
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Some le-related modules are os, os.path, and shutil.os. The
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24. Explain all le processing modes supported in Python. Online Classroom

Python has various le processing modes.

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read-only mode (r)

write-only mode (w) Browse all course
read–write mode (rw)
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read-only mode (rt)

write-only mode (wt)
read–write mode (rwt)

Similarly, a binary le can be opened by appending ‘b’ with them

as follows:

read-only mode (rb)


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write-only mode (wb)

read–write mode (rwb)
To append content in les, we can use the append mode (a).
Again, for text les, the mode would be ‘at’, and for binary les it
would be ‘ab’.

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26. How are Python arrays and Python lists di erent from
each other?
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In the case of Python, when people say arrays, they are usually
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Arrays can only store Lists can store heterogenous

homogeneous data (data of and arbitrary data.
the same type).

Since only one type of data Lists can store data of

can be stored, arrays use multiple data types and thus
memory for only one type of require more memory than
objects. Thus, mostly, arrays arrays. 
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use lesser memory than lists.

Length of an array is pre- xed Since the length of a list is not

hl d d
 while creating it, so more xed, appending items in it is
elements cannot be added. possible.

27. Write a code to display the contents of a le in RECOMMENDED COURSE

reverse.

for line in reversed(list(open(filename.txt))):

print(line.rstrip())

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29. Which of the following is an invalid statement?

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2. b) x y z = 1000 2000 3000
3. c) x,y,z = 1000, 2000, 3000 
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4. d) x_y_z = 1,000,000
Answer: b
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(A)          14 courses/big-data/
(B)          33
(C)          25
(D)          Error

Ans: 14

32. Write a command to open the le c:\hello.txt for 

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writing.
 f= open(“hello.txt”, “wt”)

33. What is __init__ in Python?

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__init__ is a reserved method in Python classes which is

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method is called automatically whenever a new object is initiated.
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as it is created. This method can also be used to initialize
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34 Wh t d d t d b Tki t ?
34. What do you understand by Tkinter?

Tkinter is an inbuilt Python module that is used to create GUI

applications. It’s Python’s standard toolkit for GUI development.
Tkinter comes with Python, so there is no installation needed. We RECOMMENDED COURSE
can start using it by importing it in our script.

35. Is Python fully object oriented?

Python does follow an object-oriented programming paradigm

and has all the basic OOPs concepts
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