INTRODUCTION TO C PROGRAMMING

CT018-3-1-ICP

TITLE : AIRLINE RESVATION SYSTEM

EXPT. No : 1
NAME : Ahmed f ahmed elmufti
ID : TP040704
INTAKE : UC1F1601IT
LECTURER : Supriya Singh
SUBMISSION DATE : 13-10-2016
CT018-3-1-ITCP AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTRM

Table of Contents

Content Page No.

Acknowledgments 3
Introduction 4
Assumptions 5
Design 6
Pseudo code 9
Implementation 13
Screenshots of system 17
C source code 26
Conclusion 30
References 31
Marking Scheme 33

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Acknowledgments

Firstly, Thank You miss for everything. Secondly, we would like to thank our esteemed
university under whose roof we have studied and completed our tasks, without which we would
stand nowhere. Many thanks to our wonderful lecturer, Supriya Singh for guiding us with clear
instructions and always gave constructive feedback. Her involvement in this assignment to help
us out in any issues with regarding to the coding and techniques to write this report resulted in to
this beautifully presented work. However, we would like to thank our parents who have been
consistently supporting us and acting as a backbone of our success. The list cannot be completed
unless we say thanks to our friends who spent their important time for standing beside us
whenever we needed help for our project or even just to cheer us up. They kept supporting us

with lots of care, attention and skills.

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Introduction

Originally, C language is developed from two previous languages, BCPL and B.

BCPL which were developed in 1967 by Martin Richards as a language for wring
operating systems and compilers. C was evolved from B by Dennis Ritchie at Bell
Laboratories and it was implemented in 1972. It initially became widely known as the
development language of the UNIX operating system. Lots of today’s leading operating
systems are written in C and C++. C language is mostly hardware independent as it is
possible to write C programs that are portable to most computers.

Why we use c language C has been used successfully for each kind of
programming problem thinkable from operating systems to spreadsheets to expert
systems - and efficient compilers are accessible for machines ranging in power from the
Apple Macintosh to the Cray supercomputers. the largest measure of C's success appears
to be based on strictly sensible considerations:

The standard library concept;

the ease with that applications can be optimized by hand-coding isolated procedures;

a powerful and varied repertoire of operators;

the portability of the compiler;

ready access to the hardware once needed;

[ CITATION tut141 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Joh16 \l 1033 ]

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Assumptions

It is assumed that the program is Airline Reservation Systems:

A small airline has just purchased a computer for its new automated reservation system.
The owner has asked to program the new system in C. It is required to write a program to
assign seats on each flight of the airlines only place (capacity: 15 seats). The program
should never assign a seat which is already assigned. If there’s no seat available, then print
the message " the flight is full ".

After the flight is full and someone want to cancel the booking, it is displaying enter you’re
the passport number you want to cancel it so after the passenger cancel it, the system
directly free that place id someone want to book that seat.

Moreover, the system should bring a boarding pass indicating the persons' name, passport
number and seat number as each seat is assigned, set the corresponding elements of array
to 1 to indicate that seat is no longer available.

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Design

Main menu

Start

Declare Choice

Print
“welcome to
our airlines”

Print
“Airline Seat
Selection
1.Reservation
2.Cancel
3.Dispaly layout
4.Exit

accept choice

NO NO
NO NO PRINT
choice = 2
choice = 1 choice = 3 choice = 4 "INVALID
CH"
YES
YES YES YES

R C D E

STOP

Figure1: Main Menu

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When the program is started, the user will direct to the main menu. The user will be
required to select one of the four options.

Reservation and cancel functions

R

Declare seats = 10
,firstname,lastname Declare
,passport.no passport.no

Print "Enter
your
Sorry no NO passport.no:"
seats If seats <10
available

Accept passport
YES number

Seats = seats+1

YES print"not
Enter firstname End of records
found"
Enter lastname
Enter
passport.no
NO

Accept NO passport.no=
Read next record
Firstname,Lastname, record_passport.no?
passport.no

print
"booked Delete record
successfully"
YES

RTN
RTN

Figure 2 functions

That is the flowchart for the reservation and cancel functions

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NO
End of records? Display seats read next record

YES

RTN

That is the flowchart for the displaying function

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Pseudocode

Begin
Declare Choice Repeat
repeat
display “welcome to our airlines”
display “Airline Seat Selection
1.Reservathion
2.Cancel
3.Dispaly layout
4.Exit
Enter your choice”
Accept choice
If (choice = 1)
Call R ()
Else
If (choice = 2)
Call C ()
Else
If (choice = 3)
Call D ()
Else
If (choice = 4)
Call E ()
Else
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Print “Invalid choice”

End-If

End-If

End-If

End-If

Until (choice <> 4)

End

Function reservation ()

Declare passport number, name, num, email, contact number

Print “Enter your passport number”

Accept passport number

Print “Enter your name”

Accept name

Print “Enter your email “

Accept email

Print “Enter your contact number”

Accept contact number

IF (seats >15)

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Print No Seats Available

ELSE

IF

(Seats <=15)

Print “registered successfully”

END-IF

END-IF

END-FOR

Return

Function Cancel ()

Declare Passport number

Print “Enter passport number to delete record”

Accept passport number

Do while (not end of records)

IF (passport = record _passport)

Delete record

Return

END-IF

Read next record

END-do

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print

Return

Function Display layout ()

Do while (not end of records)

Display Record

Read next record

End -do

Return

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Implementation

(Header file )

#include<stdio.h> (is a standard output function)

#include<stdlib.h> (Console Input Output)
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<Windows.h>

struct mufti_airline (Structures are used to represent a record)

{
char passport[6]; (Declaring)
char name[15];
int seat_num;
char email[15];
struct mufti_airline *following;
}
*begin, *stream;
struct mufti_airline *dummy;

void main() (is the special function in C from where execution of a

program starts and end).
{
void reserve(int x), cancel(), display(), savefile(); //function
prototypes
int choice;
begin = stream = NULL; //initialize the struct pointers to NULL
int num = 1;
do
{
(Printing the menu )
printf("\n\n\t\t
********************************************************************");
printf("\n\t\t welcome to mufti's airline system
");
printf("\n\t\t
*******************************************************************");
printf("\n\n\n\t\t Please enter your choice from below (1-4):");
printf("\n\n\t\t 1. Reservation");
printf("\n\n\t\t 2. Cancel");
printf("\n\n\t\t 3. DISPLAY RECORDS");
printf("\n\n\t\t 4. EXIT");
printf("\n\n\t\t feel free to ask us");
printf("\n\n\t\t Enter your choose ");

scanf("%d", &choice); fflush(stdin);

system("cls"); (cls" is a command on some operating systems
that clears the screen

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switch (choice) (Each value is called a case, and the

variable being switched on is checked for each switch case )
{
case 1:
reserve(num);
num++; (to increment the seats by
adding 1 every time )
break; (we find the answer do not need to
test it anymore)
case 2:
cancel();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
{
savefile();
break;
}
Default: (every switch case has to have default after 4 just stop
it is invalid choice)
printf("\n\n\t SORRY INVALID CHOICE!");
printf("\n\n\t PLEASE CHOOSE FROM 1-4");
printf("\n\n\t Do not forget to chose from 1-4");
}
getch(); (It forces to wait the output to stay on screen
until any key pressed from keyboard)

} while (choice != 4); (coz we have 4 cases so when if it more

than 4 give default)
}
// ************************GOOD LUCK MUFTI*****************************
void details()
{ (it is asking the user to input the details)
printf("\n\t Enter your passport number:");
gets(stream->passport); fflush(stdin); //reads a line from stdin and
stores it into the string pointed
printf("\n\t Enter your name:");
gets(stream->name); fflush(stdin);
printf("\n\t Enter your email address:");
gets(stream->email); fflush(stdin);

// ************************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI************************************
void details();

void reserve(int x) (int x the reservation part is only for 15 seats so I use x
instead of 15 because if I want to change the seat number I will change only x)
{
stream = begin; (this is for first user want to register)
if (begin == NULL)

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{
// first user
begin = stream = (struct mufti_airline*)malloc(sizeof(struct
mufti_airline));
(memory allocation/ allocates the requested memory and returns a pointer to it)

details();
stream->following = NULL; (checking if the next node is empty book
it )
printf("\n\t Seat booking successful!");
printf("\n\t your seat number is: Seat A-%d", x);
stream->seat_num = x; (same as I mentioned up x for seats number up
to 15 seats )
return; (go back)
}
else if (x > 15) // FULL SEATS
{
printf("\n\t\t Seat Full.");
return;
}
else
{ ( it is registering the next users )
// next user
while (stream->following)
stream = stream->following;
stream->following = (struct mufti_airline *)malloc(sizeof(struct
mufti_airline));
stream = stream->following;
details();
stream->following = NULL;
printf("\n\t Seat booking succesful!");
printf("\n\t your seat number is: Seat A-%d", x);
stream->seat_num = x;
return;
}
}
// ************************GOOD LUCK MUFTI********************************

void savefile()
{
FILE *fpointer = fopen("mufti records", "w");
(where I store the
records in mufti record file)(opening the file)
if (!fpointer)
{
printf("\n Error in opening file!");
return;
Sleep(800); (delays program execution for a given number of seconds)
}
stream = begin;
while (stream)
{
fprintf(fpointer, "%-6s", stream->passport);
fprintf(fpointer, "%-15s", stream->name);
fprintf(fpointer, "%-15s", stream->email);
stream = stream->following;

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}
printf("\n\n\t Details have been saved to a file (mufti records)");
fclose(fpointer); (closing the file)
}
//********************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI***************************************

void display() (it is displaying the all the records that I registered)
{
stream = begin;
while (stream)
{
printf("\n\n Passport Number : %-6s", stream->passport);
printf("\n name : %-15s", stream->name);
printf("\n email address: %-15s", stream->email);
printf("\n Seat number: A-%d", stream->seat_num);
printf("\n\n+
+*=====================================================*++");
stream = stream->following; (it is displaying one by one up to
15 seats)
}

}
//*****************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI*************************************

void cancel()
{
stream = begin; ( deleting the first user)
system("cls");
char passport[6];
printf("\n\n Enter passort number to delete record?:"); (asking for the
passport you want to delete)
gets(passport); fflush(stdin);
if (strcmp(begin->passport, passport) == 0)
{
dummy = begin;
begin = begin->following;
free(dummy); ( it is freeing the place)
printf(" booking has been deleted");
Sleep(800);
return;

while (stream->following) ( deleting the other records)

{
if (strcmp(stream->following->passport, passport) == 0)
{
dummy = stream->following;
stream->following = stream->following->following;
free(dummy);
printf("has been deleted ");
getch();
Sleep(800);
return;
}

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stream = stream->following;
}
printf("passport number is wrong please check your passport");
(if user enter wrong passport number)
}

// ************************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI**********************************

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Screenshots

Main Menu interface

When the program is executed, the user will be directed to the main menu interface. The
program is introduced with a few lines of texts. Then four selections are made for the
user as the user can choose to reserve, cancel, display or exit the program.

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Invalid value entered (main menu)

. If the user accidentally enters an invalid input, an interface will be shown to notify the
user to choose again and it notify the user again to enter from 1-4.

reservation function

The program is asking the user to enter passport number, name, and the email address to
reserve a seat for the user and the seat cannot be book for anyone else.

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Figure 1: Invalid Command (LED Selection Menu)

Figure the seat has successfully booked

As shown in the interface the seat reservation has been booked successfully, after the user
has entered the details.

15 is the maximum seats number the program could not book any more seat

After registering 15 users in the system now the flight supposed to be full and cannot
except anymore.

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Figure it is displaying the no more seat available that cannot book any seat

The system will pop out to notify the user that there’s no seat available, the flight
contains only 15 seat after that it is displaying it is full sorry we cannot register anymore.

cancel function

After the passenger entered 3 and want to cancel the record, after that, the program
requires the user to enter which passport number to delete it. For example, that mufti
registered the seat in the flight and he wants to cancel it.

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The system asking mufti to enter his passport number to cancel it from the system without any
problems and in efficient way. After mufti entered his passport number the system pop in your
record has been deleted from the system.

If mufti entered the wrong passport number by mistake the system pop in hey ahmed
passport number is wrong, please check your passport number and enter it again.

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The interface is displaying all the users record that now you have two seats ahmed with
his details and mufti with his details as well. There’s line between the users to make it
clear to read and do not misunderstand it.

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display function

After mufti cancel his seat from the system, the interface is showing that only ahmed in
the system and mufti’s seat already deleted.

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after entered 4 which is exit function, it is storing all the records into file with all the passenger’s
details in mufti record.

The interface is showing the record in notepad which is the storing part and it is displaying
ahmed and his details after mufti cancel his record.

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C source code
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<Windows.h>

struct mufti_airline
{
char passport[6];
char name[15];
int seat_num;
char email[15];
struct mufti_airline *following;
}
*begin, *stream;
struct mufti_airline *dummy;

void main()
{
void reserve(int x), cancel(), display(), savefile(); //function
prototypes
int choice;
begin = stream = NULL; //initialize the struct pointers to NULL
int num = 1;
do
{

printf("\n\n\t\t
********************************************************************");
printf("\n\t\t welcome to mufti's airline system
");
printf("\n\t\t
*******************************************************************");
printf("\n\n\n\t\t Please enter your choice from below (1-4):");
printf("\n\n\t\t 1. Reservation");
printf("\n\n\t\t 2. Cancel");
printf("\n\n\t\t 3. DISPLAY RECORDS");
printf("\n\n\t\t 4. EXIT");
printf("\n\n\t\t feel free to ask us");
printf("\n\n\t\t Enter your choose ");

scanf("%d", &choice); fflush(stdin);

system("cls");
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
reserve(num);
num++;
break;
case 2:

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cancel();
break;
case 3:
display();
break;
case 4:
{
savefile();
break;
}
default:
printf("\n\n\t SORRY INVALID CHOICE!");
printf("\n\n\t PLEASE CHOOSE FROM 1-4");
printf("\n\n\t Do not forget to chose from 1-4");
}
getch();
} while (choice != 4);
}
// ************************GOOD LUCK MUFTI*****************************
void details()
{
printf("\n\t Enter your passport number:");
gets(stream->passport); fflush(stdin); //reads a line from stdin and
stores it into the string pointed
printf("\n\t Enter your name:");
gets(stream->name); fflush(stdin);
printf("\n\t Enter your email address:");
gets(stream->email); fflush(stdin);

// ************************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI************************************
void details();

void reserve(int x)
{
stream = begin;
if (begin == NULL)
{
// first user
begin = stream = (struct mufti_airline*)malloc(sizeof(struct
mufti_airline));
details();
stream->following = NULL;
printf("\n\t Seat booking successful!");
printf("\n\t your seat number is: Seat A-%d", x);
stream->seat_num = x;
return;
}
else if (x > 15) // FULL SEATS
{
printf("\n\t\t Seat Full.");
return;
}
else

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{
// next user
while (stream->following)
stream = stream->following;
stream->following = (struct mufti_airline *)malloc(sizeof(struct
mufti_airline));
stream = stream->following;
details();
stream->following = NULL;
printf("\n\t Seat booking succesful!");
printf("\n\t your seat number is: Seat A-%d", x);
stream->seat_num = x;
return;
}
}
// ************************GOOD LUCK MUFTI********************************

void savefile()
{
FILE *fpointer = fopen("mufti records", "w");
if (!fpointer)
{
printf("\n Error in opening file!");
return;
Sleep(800);
}
stream = begin;
while (stream)
{
fprintf(fpointer, "%-6s", stream->passport);
fprintf(fpointer, "%-15s", stream->name);
fprintf(fpointer, "%-15s", stream->email);
stream = stream->following;
}
printf("\n\n\t Details have been saved to a file (mufti records)");
fclose(fpointer);
}
//********************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI***************************************

void display()
{
stream = begin;
while (stream)
{
printf("\n\n Passport Number : %-6s", stream->passport);
printf("\n name : %-15s", stream->name);
printf("\n email address: %-15s", stream->email);
printf("\n Seat number: A-%d", stream->seat_num);
printf("\n\n+
+*=====================================================*++");
stream = stream->following;
}

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//*****************************GOOD LUCK
MUFTI*************************************

void cancel()
{
stream = begin;
system("cls");
char passport[6];
printf("\n\n Enter passort number to delete record?:");
gets(passport); fflush(stdin);
if (strcmp(begin->passport, passport) == 0)
{
dummy = begin;
begin = begin->following;
free(dummy);
printf(" booking has been deleted");
Sleep(800);
return;

while (stream->following)
{
if (strcmp(stream->following->passport, passport) == 0)
{
dummy = stream->following;
stream->following = stream->following->following;
free(dummy);
printf("has been deleted ");
getch();
Sleep(800);
return;
}
stream = stream->following;
}
printf("passport number is wrong please check your passport");

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Conclusion

The Airline reservation system is designed for users to reserve a seat, cancel,
display seat and exit the system. A formula is included in the function to calculate the
seats are reserved. Pseudocode is written for some important codes. A few flow charts are
also created for explaining the process of the Airline reservation system.

From this assignment, I have learnt to implement a few C concepts in the future
projects such as functions, switch statement and do…while statement, arrays, pointers
and structures in the program. I have also learnt to create flow charts for explaining the
program using Microsoft Visio 2013.

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References

[ CITATION tut141 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Joh16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION tut141 \l 1033 ]

[ CITATION Swi16 \l 1033 ]

[ CITATION Dow16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Clr16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Cli16 \l 1033 ]

[ CITATION Lin16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION GTC15 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Poi16 \l 1033 ]
[ CITATION vBu16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Str16 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Cfu16 \l 1033 ]
[ CITATION Pau12 \l 1033 ]

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Marking Scheme

Student Name (ID): ______________________ Total Marks

_________/100

Fail Marginal Fail Pass Credit Distinction

0-7 8-9 10 - 12 13 - 14 15 - 20
 Hardly any  Minimal  Some understanding  Good  Excellent
understandin understanding of of the program design understanding understanding of
g of program design  Simple design of the of the program the program design
program  Attempted to design solution in pseudo- design  Detailed design of
design the solution in pseudo- code and flowchart in  Good design of the solution in
 Poor code and flowchart terms of logic and the solution in pseudo-code and
illustration but with major errors style pseudo-code flowchart in terms
of program or omission  Design solution and flowchart of style and unique
design  Design solution covers covers between 50% - in terms of logics
Design  Did not less than 50% of the 65% of the basic logic and style.  Design solution
Solutio document basic requirements of requirements of the  Design covers more than
the design of the system system solution covers 75% of the basic
n the solution  Some errors / between 65% - requirements of
(20%) using omissions in design – 75% of the the system.
pseudo-code pseudo-code and basic  Hardly any errors /
and flowchart requirements omissions in
flowchart or of the system design – pseudo-
any other  Minor errors / code and flowchart
design tool omissions in
design –
pseudo-code
and flowchart

Coding 0 - 10 11 – 14 15 – 19 20 – 23 24 - 30
(Imple  Not done  Basic coding done  Coding solution done  Coding  Coding solution
 Unresolved  Program – able to covering all basic C solution contains basic,
mentat compilation compile and execute concepts contains basic intermediate and
ion) errors  Less than 50% of  Common solution and advanced C
 Program not basic requirements  Program – able to intermediate C concepts
(30%) executable are met compile and execute concepts  Unique solution
 Less than  Poor coding styles  Between 50% - 65%  Unique  Program – able to
20% of  No validation. of the basic solution compile and
basic  Little or no mapping requirements are met  Program – able execute
requirement between design and  Basic coding styles to compile and  More than 75% of
s are met. program solution  Minor validations for execute the basic
 The coding menu options  Between 65% - requirements of
solution  Some mapping 75% of the the system runs
lacks proper between design and basic  Excellent coding
structure program solution requirements styles
 Program of are met  Excellent
solution  Good coding validation
does not styles  Excellent mapping
map with  Good between design

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design validation – and program

presented beyond menu solution
options
 Good mapping
between
design and
program
solution

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 CT018-3-1-ITCP AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTRM

Fail Marginal Fail Pass Credit Distinction

0-5 6-7 8-9 10-11 12 - 15
 No documentation  Incomplete  Document missing  Good layout / flow  Excellent layout /
submitted documentation some minor  No missing flow
 Documentation with missing components components of the  No missing
merely contains the major  Average layout / documentation components of the
cover page and component flow  Good documentation
printout of the  Poor layout /  Did some documentation  Excellent
source code flow referencing but did standards documentation
Documentat  No referencing  No referencing not adhere to  Adhered to Harvard standards
Harvard Name Name Referencing  Adhered to Harvard
ion Referencing standards but with Name Referencing
(15%)  Sample outputs minor errors / standards with no
available without omissions obvious errors /
any explanation.  Sample outputs omissions
available with some  Sample outputs
explanation. available with clear
explanation

0-3 4 5-6 7 8 - 10
 Did not turn up for  Most questions  Some questions  Most questions  All questions posed
test posed were not posed were answered posed were answered were answered
Test  Not able to answer answered correctly correctly correctly
(10%) all/most of the correctly
questions posed

0-1 2 3 4 5
 Did not turn up for  Barely able to  Able to trace some  Able to trace the  In depth
presentation trace the codes / codes / work done codes and work done understanding of the
 Not able to t ace any work done with hesitation  Able to execute the codes / work done
of the codes / work  Had difficulty in  Able to execute the program  Able to execute the
Demonstrati done executing the system  Able to explain and program
on  Did not know how to system shows a good  Able to explain and
execute the system understanding of argues the work
(5%) how the system submitted.
works.  Show additional
concepts / new ideas
used in the solution

0-7 8-9 10 - 12 13-14 15 - 20

Unable or barely able to Mostly inaccurate /  Able to answer some  Able to answer most  Able to answer all
answer any of the question illogical answers /
Question asked explanation provided or
questions
accurately
posed
or
questions
accurately.
posed questions posed with
minimal omissions.
and Answer barely able to answer logically
some of the questions
(20%) asked

Remarks:

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