instructables

How to Make a Humanoid Robot

by MegaDAS

Hey guys! I Hope you already enjoyed my previous instructable "Online Weather Station (NodeMCU)" and you are
ready for a new one, After the SMARS model robot that we assembled last time, today’s project, is also about robots
learning and we will use the OTTO robot model in this video and it’s going to be a really amazing project, this
project could be a great start in ro bo t ics w o rld .

During the making of this project, we tried to make sure that this instructable will be the best guide for you in
order to help you if you want to make your own robot, so we hope that this instructable contain the needed
documents.

This project is so handy to make specially after getting the customized PCB that we’ve ordered from JLCPCB to
improve the appearance of our electronic device and also there is enough documents and codes in this guide to
assist you create your beautiful robot.

We've made this project in just 5 days only, just two days to get the robot 3D printed parts all the needed
electronics components then two more days to nish the hardware making and the assemble, then one day to
prepare the code to suit our project and we have started the testing and the adjustments.

W ha t yo u w i l l l e a r n f r o m t hi s i n s t r uc t a b l e :

1. Making the components selection depending on its functionalities.

2. Understand the robot mecanisme.
3. Prepare the circuit diagram to connect all the choosen components.
4. Solder the electronic parts to the PCB.
5. Assemble all the project parts (robot body).
6. Start the rst test and validate the project.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmxJ8e0WxMo

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 1

Step 1: How This Robot Works!

Starting with the project description, as I said already, robot will be powered by a simple 9 V lit hium
we will reproduce the OTTO robot model that you can ba t t e ry and controlled by a Blue t o o t h m o dule
have its 3D designed parts for free from the OTTO through an android app that you can download
community but what we will add in our project is a directly for free from playstore and appstore.
customized PCB design to control the robot so w e
w ill us e t he ATm e g a 328 m icro co nt ro lle r The robot movements are performed by 4 servo
instead of using a whole Arduino Nano board the way motors so we have 2 servos in each leg and also there
the community did for this project. is an upgraded version of the OTTO robot to control
the hands movements too but we will not do this in
The robot has many features and you will like its this instractable and we will upgrade the controle
movements performed by 4 s e rv o m o t o rs and its board for this task in our coming instructable.
sounds diplayed through an a ct iv e buz z e r , the

Step 2: Circuit Diagram

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 2

In order to gather all the electronics components that we need, then I transformed the circuit design
together I chose to create my own PCB design for this into a PCB design with the required dimensions to t
project and produce it from JLCPCB, I moved to the robot chassis.
easyEDA platform where I prepared the following
circuit diagram and as you can see all the components

Download
https://www.instructables.com/ORIG/FSF/MAYO/K9XCWPCC/FSFMAYOK9XCWPCC.pdf
…

Step 3: PCB Making

After preparing the circuit ,I transformed it into a Four days to wait for the PCBs and here we are. This is
customized PCB design with the reuired dimentions the rst time we try the yellow color for the PCBs and
and shape to suit our robot chasis. The next step is it really looks so great.
generating the GERBER les of the PCB design and
upload it to JLCPCB order page to produce our PCB.

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 3

Step 4: Robot Body 3D Printed Parts

Moving to the robot body parts, as I already mentioned in the presentation you could have the STL les of this
robot from the OTTO community website through this link in order to produce these parts through a 3D printer.

1 2

3 4

1. body
2. head
3. Leg
4. foot

Step 5: Electronic Ingredients

Now we have everything ready to go so let’s review the components list:

The necessary components (Amazon links)

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 4

 The PCB that we have ordered from JLCPCB
ATmega328 microcontroller : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07PZWYW2F/ref=...

HC-05 Bluetooth module : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

Ultrasonic sensor : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

4 servo motors : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

22pF capacitors : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

10uF capacitors : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

An oscillator : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

L7805 Voltage regulator : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

A buzzer : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

9V battery : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

Header connector : https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01G9KSAF6/ref=...

12
11
4 1 2

9
3
10 5 7 8
6

1. PCB from JLCPCB

2. HC-05 Bluetooth
3. Buzzer
4. ATMega328p DIP
5. 22 pF capacitors
6. 10uF capacitors
7. Ultrasonic sensor
8. L7805 voltage regulator
9. 9V battery
10. 16 MHz oscilator
11. Header connectors
12. Servo motors

Step 6: Software Part

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 5
Now we need to upload the robot code to the me to access all the robot features from the android
microcontroller so we will need the Arduino Uno app.
board to do this, about the robot software you can
use the Arduino IDE to upload your code or you can You can have the last updated version from this link,
simply download the OTTO blockly IDE which will or you can simply download the below attached le
assist you with some examples to start making your related to the code version 9 that we used in our
own program for the robot, in our case we will upload project.
this code provided by the community, this code allows

Download
https://www.instructables.com/ORIG/FPY/G3OD/K9YKZVX4/FPYG3ODK9YKZVX4.ino
…

Step 7: Electronics Assembly

We made the electronic part ready so let’s start indicating its placement on the board and this way
soldering our electronic components to the PCB. you will be 100% sure that you will not make any
soldering mistakes.
As you can see through the pictures, using this PCB is
so easy due to its v e ry hig h qua lit y m a king and I’ve soldered each component to its placement,
without forgetting the labels that will guide you guys about this PCB it is a two layers PCB this means that
while soldering each component because you will nd you can use both sides of it to solder your electronic
on the top silk layer a label of each component components.

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 6

Step 8: Robot Body Assembly & Demonstration

Before starting the assembly I advise you to ca libra t e a ll y o ur s e rv o m o t o rs t o 9 0 ° angle, just use a basic
Arduino servo demo to do this.

The assembly is just couldn’t be easier than this:

1. take the robot body and two servo motors and screw them from the top side.
2. then join the legs to the assembled servos to control the legs movements.
3. the next step is joining the other two servos to the legs and attach the foot parts to the servos and
this way you will have one servo for each leg and one servo for each foot.
4. The next part is the ultrasonic sensor that we will put it on the head of our robot.
5. Last step is connecting the ultrasonic sensor to its connector and connect the servos to the PCB.

You can refer to the code where you will nd the appropriate symbol for each servo and you will nd the same label
in the top side of the PCB that we made.

After connecting the battery we attach the head to the body and we can start playing with our robot.

I really enjoyed this project and I hope to see you guys producing this kind of robots, but still some other
improvements to perform in our project in order to make it much more butter, that’s why I will be waiting for your
comments to improve it.

O ne la s t t hing , m a ke s ure t ha t y o u a re do ing e le ct ro nics e v e ry da y.

It was BEE MB from MEGA DAS see you next time.

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 7

How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 8
How to Make a Humanoid Robot: Page 9