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Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman: Chapter 3: The Bernoulli Equation

This document contains sample problems from chapters 3 and 5 of the fluid mechanics textbook for the Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) Chemical/Civil/Material/Mechatronic/Mechanical Engineering program at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman. The problems cover concepts like the Bernoulli equation, control volume analysis, Venturi meters, and forces on submerged surfaces. Sample problems are presented with diagrams and ask students to calculate values like flow rates, velocities, pressures, and forces based on given fluid properties and system parameters.

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421 views6 pages

Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman: Chapter 3: The Bernoulli Equation

This document contains sample problems from chapters 3 and 5 of the fluid mechanics textbook for the Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) Chemical/Civil/Material/Mechatronic/Mechanical Engineering program at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman. The problems cover concepts like the Bernoulli equation, control volume analysis, Venturi meters, and forces on submerged surfaces. Sample problems are presented with diagrams and ask students to calculate values like flow rates, velocities, pressures, and forces based on given fluid properties and system parameters.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Faculty : Engineering and Science Unit Code : UEME 2123


Bachelor of Engineering (Hons)
Chemical / Civil/ Material/
Course : Unit Title : Fluid Mechanics 1
Mechatronic/ Mechanical
Engineering
Academic Lecturer
: 2019/2020 : Dr. Ooi Jong Boon
Year
Session : 201905 Tutorial : 2

Chapter 3: The Bernoulli Equation

1) Water flows through the pipe contraction shown in the figure below. For the given 0.2 m
difference in the manometer level, determine the flowrate as a function of the diameter of the
small pipe, D. [Ans: Q = 0.0156 m3/s for any D]

2) A large open tank contains a layer of oil floating on water as shown in the figure below. The
flow is steady and inviscid. (a) Determine the height. h, to which the water will rise. (b)
Determine the water velocity in the pipe. (c) Determine the pressure in the horizontal pipe.
[Ans: (a) h = 2.80 m, (b) V4 = 1.85 m/s, (c) P4 = 35.5 kPa]

Oil
SG=0.7

Water
1m

1 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1


3) Water flows upward through a variable area pipe with a constant flowrate, Q, as shown in
the figure below. If viscous effects are negligible, determine the diameter, D(z), in terms of
D1 if the pressure is to remain constant throughout the pipe. That is, p(z) = P1.

[Ans: ]

4) A 0.15 m diameter pipe discharges into a 0.1 m diameter pipe. Determine the velocity head
in each pipe if they are carrying 0.12 m3/s of kerosene. [Ans: For 0.15 m diameter pipe,
velocity head = 2.35 m; For 0.1 m diameter pipe, velocity head = 11.9 m]

5) Determine the flowrate through the pipe in the figure shown below assume that velocity at
the pitot static tube is zero. [Ans: Q = 0.0111 m3/s]

2 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1


6) Air flows through a Venturi channel of rectangular cross section as shown in the figure
below. The constant width of the channel is 0.06 m and the height at the exit is 0.04 m.
Compressibility and viscous effects are negligible. (a) Determine the flowrate when water is
drawn up 0.10 m in a small tube attached to the static pressure tap at the throat where the
channel height is 0.02 m. (b) Determine the channel height, h2, at section (2) where, for the
same flowrate as in part (a), the water is drawn up 0.05 m. (c) Determine the pressure needed
at section (a) to produce this flow. [Ans: (a) Q = 0.0544 m3/s, (b) h2 = 0.0253 m, (c) p = 0]

7) At what flowrate through the Venturi meter shown in the figure below will cavitation begin
if P1 = 275 kPa gage, atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa (abs), and the vapor pressure is 3.6
kPa (abs)? [Ans: Q = 8.68 × 10-3 m3/s]

3 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1


Chapter 5: Finite Control Volume Analysis

1) Air flows steadily between two cross sections in a long straight section of 0.1 m inside-
diameter pipe. The static temperature and pressure at each section are indicated in the figure
below. If the average air velocity at section (1) is 205 m/s, determine the average air velocity
at section (2). [Ans: 314 m/s]

2) Oil having a specific gravity of 0.9 is pumped as illustrated in the figure below with a water
jet pump. The water volume flowrate is 1 m3/s. The water and oil mixture has an average
specific gravity of 0.95. Calculate the rate, in m3/s, at which the pump moves oil. [Ans: 2.00
m3/s]

3) A hypodermic syringe (see figure below) is used to apply a vaccine. If the plunger is moved
forward at the steady rate of 20 mm/s and if vaccine leaks past the plunger at 0.1 of the
volume flowrate out the needle opening, calculate the average velocity of the needle exit
flow. The inside diameters of the syringe and the needle are 20 mm and 0.7 mm. [Ans: 14.8
m/s]

4 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1


4) A nozzle is attached to a vertical pipe and discharges water into the atmosphere as shown in
the figure below. When the discharge is 0.1 m3/s, the gage pressure at the flange is 40 kPa.
Determine the vertical component of the anchoring force required to hold the nozzle in place.
The nozzle has a weight of 200 N, and the volume of water in the nozzle is 0.012 m 3. Is the
anchoring force directed upward or downward? [Ans: 482 N downward]

5) A vertical, circular cross-sectional jet of air strikes a conical deflector as indicated in the
figure. A vertical anchoring force of 0.1 N is required to hold the deflector in place.
Determine the mass (kg) of the deflector. The magnitude of velocity of the air remains
constants. [Ans: 0.108 kg]

5 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1


6) Air flows into the atmosphere from a nozzle and strikes a vertical plate as shown in the figure.
A horizontal force of 12 N is required to hold the plate in place. Determine the reading on
the pressure gage. Assume the flow to be incompressible and frictionless. [Ans: 1.82 kPa]

7) A free jet of fluid strikes a wedge as shown in the figure below. Of the total flow, a portion
is deflected 30°; the remainder is not deflected. The horizontal and vertical components of
force needed to hold the wedge stationary are FH and FV, respectively. Gravity is negligible,
and the fluid speed remains constant. Determine the force ratio, FH/FV. [Ans: - 0.27]

6 UEME 2123 Fluid Mechanics 1

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