31 Aug 2020 - Lecture12 Exceptionhandling

Exception Handling in Java
The Exception Handling in Java is one of the powerful mechanism to handle the runtime errors
so that normal flow of the application can be maintained.
What is Exception in Java

In Java, an exception is an event that disrupts the normal flow of the program. It is an object which
is thrown at runtime.
What is Exception Handling
Exception Handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors such as ClassNotFoundException,
IOException, SQLException, RemoteException, etc.
Advantage of Exception Handling
The core advantage of exception handling is to maintain the normal flow of the application. An
exception normally disrupts the normal flow of the application that is why we use exception
handling. Let's take a scenario:
1. statement 1;
2. statement 2;
3. statement 3;
4. statement 4;
5. statement 5;//exception occurs
6. statement 6;
7. statement 7;
8. statement 8;
9. statement 9;
10. statement 10;
Suppose there are 10 statements in your program and there occurs an exception at statement 5, the
rest of the code will not be executed i.e. statement 6 to 10 will not be executed. If we perform
exception handling, the rest of the statement will be executed. That is why we use exception
handling in Java.
Hierarchy of Java Exception classes

The java.lang.Throwable class is the root class of Java Exception hierarchy which is inherited by
two subclasses: Exception and Error. A hierarchy of Java Exception classes are given below:
Types of Java Exceptions
There are mainly two types of exceptions: checked and unchecked. Here, an error is considered as
the unchecked exception. According to Oracle, there are three types of exceptions:
1. Checked Exception
2. Unchecked Exception
3. Error
Difference between Checked and Unchecked Exceptions
1) Checked Exception
The classes which directly inherit Throwable class except RuntimeException and Error are known
as checked exceptions e.g. IOException, SQLException etc. Checked exceptions are checked at
compile-time.
2) Unchecked Exception
The classes which inherit RuntimeException are known as unchecked exceptions e.g.
ArithmeticException, NullPointerException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException etc. Unchecked
exceptions are not checked at compile-time, but they are checked at runtime.
3) Error
Error is irrecoverable e.g. OutOfMemoryError, VirtualMachineError, AssertionError etc.
Java Exception Keywords

There are 5 keywords which are used in handling exceptions in Java.
Keyword Description
The "try" keyword is used to specify a block where we should place exception code. The
try try block must be followed by either catch or finally. It means, we can't use try block
alone.
The "catch" block is used to handle the exception. It must be preceded by try block which
catch
means we can't use catch block alone. It can be followed by finally block later.
The "finally" block is used to execute the important code of the program. It is executed
finally
whether an exception is handled or not.
throw The "throw" keyword is used to throw an exception.
The "throws" keyword is used to declare exceptions. It doesn't throw an exception. It
throws specifies that there may occur an exception in the method. It is always used with method
signature.
Java Exception Handling Example

Let's see an example of Java Exception Handling where we using a try-catch statement to handle
the exception.
1. public class JavaExceptionExample{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3. try{
4. //code that may raise exception
5. int data=100/0;
6. }catch(ArithmeticException e){System.out.println(e);}
7. //rest code of the program
8. System.out.println("rest of the code...");
9. }
10. }
Output:
Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:/ by zero

rest of the code...
In the above example, 100/0 raises an ArithmeticException which is handled by a try-catch block.
Common Scenarios of Java Exceptions

There are given some scenarios where unchecked exceptions may occur. They are as follows:
1) A scenario where ArithmeticException occurs
If we divide any number by zero, there occurs an ArithmeticException.
1. int a=50/0;//ArithmeticException
2) A scenario where NullPointerException occurs
If we have a null value in any variable, performing any operation on the variable throws a
NullPointerException.
1. String s=null;
2. System.out.println(s.length());//NullPointerException
3) A scenario where NumberFormatException occurs
The wrong formatting of any value may occur NumberFormatException. Suppose I have a string
variable that has characters, converting this variable into digit will occur NumberFormatException.
1. String s="abc";
2. int i=Integer.parseInt(s);//NumberFormatException
4) A scenario where ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException occurs
If you are inserting any value in the wrong index, it would result in
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException as shown below:
1. int a[]=new int[5];
2. a[10]=50; //ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
Java try-catch block

Java try block
Java try block is used to enclose the code that might throw an exception. It must be used within the
method.
If an exception occurs at the particular statement of try block, the rest of the block code will not
execute. So, it is recommended not to keeping the code in try block that will not throw an
exception.
Java try block must be followed by either catch or finally block.
Syntax of Java try-catch
1. try{
2. //code that may throw an exception
3. }catch(Exception_class_Name ref){}
Syntax of try-finally block
1. try{
2. //code that may throw an exception
3. }finally{}
Java catch block

Java catch block is used to handle the Exception by declaring the type of exception within the
parameter. The declared exception must be the parent class exception ( i.e., Exception) or the
generated exception type. However, the good approach is to declare the generated type of
exception.
The catch block must be used after the try block only. You can use multiple catch block with a
single try block.
Problem without exception handling
Let's try to understand the problem if we don't use a try-catch block.
Example 1
public class TryCatchExample1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int data=50/0; //may throw exception
System.out.println("rest of the code");

}

}
Test it Now
Output:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
As displayed in the above example, the rest of the code is not executed (in such case, the rest of
the code statement is not printed).
There can be 100 lines of code after exception. So all the code after exception will not be executed.
Solution by exception handling

Let's see the solution of the above problem by a java try-catch block.
Example 2
try
{
}
//handling the exception
catch(ArithmeticException e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}

}
Output:
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
rest of the code
Now, as displayed in the above example, the rest of the code is executed, i.e., the rest of the code
statement is printed.
Example 3
In this example, we also kept the code in a try block that will not throw an exception.
try
{
// if exception occurs, the remaining statement will not exceute
}
// handling the exception
{
}

}

}
Output:
Here, we can see that if an exception occurs in the try block, the rest of the block code will not
execute.
Example 4
Here, we handle the exception using the parent class exception.

try
{
}
// handling the exception by using Exception class
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}

}
Output:
rest of the code
Example 5
Let's see an example to print a custom message on exception.

try
{
}
catch(Exception e)
{
// displaying the custom message
System.out.println("Can't divided by zero");
}
}

}
Output:
Can't divided by zero
Example 6
Let's see an example to resolve the exception in a catch block.

int i=50;
int j=0;
int data;
try
{
data=i/j; //may throw exception
}
catch(Exception e)
{
// resolving the exception in catch block
System.out.println(i/(j+2));
}
}
}
Output:
25
Example 7
In this example, along with try block, we also enclose exception code in a catch block.


try
{
int data1=50/0; //may throw exception

}
catch(Exception e)
{
// generating the exception in catch block
int data2=50/0; //may throw exception

}
}
}
Output:
Here, we can see that the catch block didn't contain the exception code. So, enclose exception code
within a try block and use catch block only to handle the exceptions.
Example 8
In this example, we handle the generated exception (Arithmetic Exception) with a different type of
exception class (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException).

try
{

}
// try to handle the ArithmeticException using ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e)
{
}
}

}
Output:
Example 9
Let's see an example to handle another unchecked exception.

try
{
int arr[]= {1,3,5,7};
System.out.println(arr[10]); //may throw exception
}
// handling the array exception
{
}
}

}
Output:
java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 10
rest of the code
Example 10
Let's see an example to handle checked exception.
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;



PrintWriter pw;
try {
pw = new PrintWriter("jtp.txt"); //may throw exception
pw.println("saved");
}
// providing the checked exception handler
catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

}
System.out.println("File saved successfully");
}
}
Output:
File saved successfully

Internal working of java try-catch block
The JVM firstly checks whether the exception is handled or not. If exception is not handled, JVM
provides a default exception handler that performs the following tasks:
 Prints out exception description.

 Prints the stack trace (Hierarchy of methods where the exception occurred).
 Causes the program to terminate.
But if exception is handled by the application programmer, normal flow of the application is
maintained i.e. rest of the code is executed.
Java catch multiple exceptions
Java Multi-catch block

A try block can be followed by one or more catch blocks. Each catch block must contain a different
exception handler. So, if you have to perform different tasks at the occurrence of different
exceptions, use java multi-catch block.
Points to remember
 At a time only one exception occurs and at a time only one catch block is executed.
 All catch blocks must be ordered from most specific to most general, i.e. catch for
ArithmeticException must come before catch for Exception.
Example 1
Let's see a simple example of java multi-catch block.
public class MultipleCatchBlock1 {


try{
int a[]=new int[5];
a[5]=30/0;
}
{
System.out.println("Arithmetic Exception occurs");
}
{
System.out.println("ArrayIndexOutOfBounds Exception occurs");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println("Parent Exception occurs");
}
}
}
Output:
Arithmetic Exception occurs

rest of the code
Example 2


try{
int a[]=new int[5];

System.out.println(a[10]);
}
{
}
{
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}
Output:
ArrayIndexOutOfBounds Exception occurs

rest of the code
Example 3
In this example, try block contains two exceptions. But at a time only one exception occurs and its
corresponding catch block is invoked.


try{
int a[]=new int[5];
a[5]=30/0;
System.out.println(a[10]);
}
{
}
{
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}
Output:
Arithmetic Exception occurs

rest of the code
Example 4
In this example, we generate NullPointerException, but didn't provide the corresponding exception
type. In such case, the catch block containing the parent exception class Exception will invoked.


try{
String s=null;
System.out.println(s.length());
}
{
}
{
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
}
Output:
Parent Exception occurs

rest of the code
Example 5
Let's see an example, to handle the exception without maintaining the order of exceptions (i.e. from
most specific to most general).
class MultipleCatchBlock5{
public static void main(String args[]){
try{
int a[]=new int[5];
a[5]=30/0;
}
catch(Exception e){System.out.println("common task completed");}
catch(ArithmeticException e){System.out.println("task1 is completed");}
catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){System.out.println("task 2 completed");}
System.out.println("rest of the code...");
}
}
Output:
Compile-time error
Java Nested try block
The try block within a try block is known as nested try block in java.
Why use nested try block
Sometimes a situation may arise where a part of a block may cause one error and the entire block
itself may cause another error. In such cases, exception handlers have to be nested.
Syntax:
1. ....
try
{
statement 1;
statement 2;
try
{
statement 1;
statement 2;
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}
}
catch(Exception e)
{
}

Java nested try example

Let's see a simple example of java nested try block.
class Excep6{
try{
try{
System.out.println("going to divide");
int b =39/0;
}catch(ArithmeticException e){System.out.println(e);}
try{
int a[]=new int[5];
a[5]=4;
}catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){System.out.println(e);}

System.out.println("other statement);
}catch(Exception e){System.out.println("handeled");}

System.out.println("normal flow..");
}
}
Java finally block

Java finally block is a block that is used to execute important code such as closing connection,
stream etc.
Java finally block is always executed whether exception is handled or not.
Java finally block follows try or catch block.
Note: If you don't handle exception, before terminating the program, JVM executes finally
block(if any).
Why use java finally

 Finally block in java can be used to put "cleanup" code such as closing a file, closing
connection etc.
Usage of Java finally
Let's see the different cases where java finally block can be used.
Case 1
Let's see the java finally example where exception doesn't occur.
1. class TestFinallyBlock{
2. public static void main(String args[]){
3. try{
4. int data=25/5;
5. System.out.println(data);
6. }
7. catch(NullPointerException e){System.out.println(e);}
8. finally{System.out.println("finally block is always executed");}
9. System.out.println("rest of the code...");
10. }
11. }
Output:5
finally block is always executed
rest of the code...
Case 2
Let's see the java finally example where exception occurs and not handled.
class TestFinallyBlock1{
try{
int data=25/0;
System.out.println(data);
}
catch(NullPointerException e){System.out.println(e);}
finally{System.out.println("finally block is always executed");}
}
}
Output:finally block is always executed
Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:/ by zero
Case 3
Let's see the java finally example where exception occurs and handled.
public class TestFinallyBlock2{
try{
int data=25/0;
System.out.println(data);
}
catch(ArithmeticException e){System.out.println(e);}
finally{System.out.println("finally block is always executed");}
}
}
Output:Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:/ by zero

finally block is always executed
rest of the code...
Rule: For each try block there can be zero or more catch blocks, but only one finally block.
Note: The finally block will not be executed if program exits(either by calling System.exit() or
by causing a fatal error that causes the process to abort).
Java throw exception

Java throw keyword
The Java throw keyword is used to explicitly throw an exception.
We can throw either checked or uncheked exception in java by throw keyword. The throw keyword
is mainly used to throw custom exception. We will see custom exceptions later.
The syntax of java throw keyword is given below.
1. throw exception;
Let's see the example of throw IOException.
1. throw new IOException("sorry device error);
java throw keyword example

In this example, we have created the validate method that takes integer value as a parameter. If the
age is less than 18, we are throwing the ArithmeticException otherwise print a message welcome to
vote.
public class TestThrow1{
static void validate(int age){
if(age<18)
throw new ArithmeticException("not valid");
else
System.out.println("welcome to vote");
}
validate(13);
}
}
Output:
Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:not valid
Java throws keyword

The Java throws keyword is used to declare an exception. It gives information to the programmer
that there may occur an exception so it is better for the programmer to provide the exception
handling code so that normal flow can be maintained.
Exception Handling is mainly used to handle the checked exceptions. If there occurs any unchecked
exception such as NullPointerException, it is programmers fault that he is not performing check up
before the code being used.
Syntax of java throws
1. return_type method_name() throws exception_class_name{
2. //method code
3. }
Which exception should be declared
Ans) checked exception only, because:
 unchecked Exception: under your control so correct your code.

 error: beyond your control e.g. you are unable to do anything if there occurs
VirtualMachineError or StackOverflowError.
Advantage of Java throws keyword

Now Checked Exception can be propagated (forwarded in call stack).
It provides information to the caller of the method about the exception.
Java throws example

Let's see the example of java throws clause which describes that checked exceptions can be
propagated by throws keyword.
import java.io.IOException;
class Testthrows1{
void m()throws IOException{
throw new IOException("device error");//checked exception
}
void n()throws IOException{
m();
}
void p(){
try{
n();
}catch(Exception e){System.out.println("exception handled");}
}
Testthrows1 obj=new Testthrows1();
obj.p();
System.out.println("normal flow...");
}
}
Output:
exception handled
normal flow...
Rule: If you are calling a method that declares an exception, you must either
caught or declare the exception.
There are two cases:
1. Case1:You caught the exception i.e. handle the exception using try/catch.
2. Case2:You declare the exception i.e. specifying throws with the method.
Case1: You handle the exception
 In case you handle the exception, the code will be executed fine whether exception occurs
during the program or not.
import java.io.*;
class M{
void method()throws IOException{
throw new IOException("device error");
}
}
public class Testthrows2{
try{
M m=new M();
m.method();

}
}
Test it Now
Output:exception handled
normal flow...
Case2: You declare the exception
 A)In case you declare the exception, if exception does not occur, the code will be executed
fine.
 B)In case you declare the exception if exception occurs, an exception will be thrown at
runtime because throws does not handle the exception.
A)Program if exception does not occur

1. import java.io.*;
2. class M{
3. void method()throws IOException{
4. System.out.println("device operation performed");
5. }
6. }
7. class Testthrows3{
8. public static void main(String args[])throws IOException{//declare exception
9. M m=new M();
10. m.method();
11.
12. System.out.println("normal flow...");
13. }
14. }
Test it Now
Output:device operation performed
normal flow...
B)Program if exception occurs

import java.io.*;
class M{
void method()throws IOException{
throw new IOException("device error");
}
}
class Testthrows4{
public static void main(String args[])throws IOException{//declare exception
M m=new M();
m.method();
}
}
Output:Runtime Exception
Que) Can we rethrow an exception?
Yes, by throwing same exception in catch block.
Difference between throw and throws in Java

There are many differences between throw and throws keywords. A list of differences between
throw and throws are given below:
No. throw throws

Java throw keyword is used to explicitly Java throws keyword is used to declare an
1)
throw an exception. exception.
Checked exception cannot be propagated Checked exception can be propagated with
2)
using throw only. throws.
3) Throw is followed by an instance. Throws is followed by class.
4) Throw is used within the method. Throws is used with the method signature.
You can declare multiple exceptions e.g.
5) You cannot throw multiple exceptions. public void method()throws
IOException,SQLException.
Java throw example

1. void m(){
2. throw new ArithmeticException("sorry");
3. }
Java throws example

1. void m()throws ArithmeticException{
2. //method code
3. }
Java throw and throws example

1. void m()throws ArithmeticException{
2. throw new ArithmeticException("sorry");
3. }
Difference between final, finally and finalize

There are many differences between final, finally and finalize. A list of differences between final,
finally and finalize are given below:
No. final finally finalize

Finally is used to place Finalize is used to
Final is used to apply restrictions on class,
important code, it will be perform clean up
method and variable. Final class can't be
1) executed whether processing just before
inherited, final method can't be overridden
exception is handled or object is garbage
and final variable value can't be changed.
not. collected.
2) Final is a keyword. Finally is a block. Finalize is a method.
Java final example

class FinalExample{
public static void main(String[] args){
final int x=100;
x=200;//Compile Time Error
}}
Java finally example

1. class FinallyExample{
2. public static void main(String[] args){
3. try{
4. int x=300;
5. }catch(Exception e){System.out.println(e);}
6. finally{System.out.println("finally block is executed");}
7. }}
Java finalize example

class FinalizeExample{
public void finalize(){System.out.println("finalize called");}
public static void main(String[] args){
FinalizeExample f1=new FinalizeExample();
FinalizeExample f2=new FinalizeExample();
f1=null;
f2=null;
System.gc();
}}
ExceptionHandling with MethodOverriding in

Java
There are many rules if we talk about methodoverriding with exception handling. The Rules are as
follows:
 If the superclass method does not declare an exception

o If the superclass method does not declare an exception, subclass overridden method
cannot declare the checked exception but it can declare unchecked exception.
 If the superclass method declares an exception
o If the superclass method declares an exception, subclass overridden method can
declare same, subclass exception or no exception but cannot declare parent
exception.
If the superclass method does not declare an exception
1) Rule: If the superclass method does not declare an exception, subclass overridden method
cannot declare the checked exception.
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
void msg(){System.out.println("parent");}
}

class TestExceptionChild extends Parent{
void msg()throws IOException{
System.out.println("TestExceptionChild");
}
Parent p=new TestExceptionChild();
p.msg();
}
}
Test it Now
Output:Compile Time Error
2) Rule: If the superclass method does not declare an exception, subclass overridden method
cannot declare the checked exception but can declare unchecked exception.
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
void msg(){System.out.println("parent");}
}

class TestExceptionChild1 extends Parent{
void msg()throws ArithmeticException{
System.out.println("child");
}
Parent p=new TestExceptionChild1();
p.msg();
}
}
Output:child
If the superclass method declares an exception
1) Rule: If the superclass method declares an exception, subclass overridden method can
declare same, subclass exception or no exception but cannot declare parent exception.
Example in case subclass overridden method declares parent exception
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
void msg()throws ArithmeticException{System.out.println("parent");}
}

void msg()throws Exception{System.out.println("child");}

try{
p.msg();
}catch(Exception e){}
}
}
Example in case subclass overridden method declares same exception
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
void msg()throws Exception{System.out.println("parent");}
}

void msg()throws Exception{System.out.println("child");}

try{
p.msg();
}
}
Output:child
Example in case subclass overridden method declares subclass exception
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
}

void msg()throws ArithmeticException{System.out.println("child");}

try{
p.msg();
}
}
Output:child
Example in case subclass overridden method declares no exception
import java.io.*;
class Parent{
}

void msg(){System.out.println("child");}

try{
p.msg();
}
}
Output:child
Java Custom Exception

If you are creating your own Exception that is known as custom exception or user-defined
exception. Java custom exceptions are used to customize the exception according to user need.
By the help of custom exception, you can have your own exception and message.
Let's see a simple example of java custom exception.
class InvalidAgeException extends Exception{
InvalidAgeException(String s){
super(s);
}
}
class TestCustomException1{

static void validate(int age)throws InvalidAgeException{
if(age<18)
throw new InvalidAgeException("not valid");
else
System.out.println("welcome to vote");
}

try{
validate(13);
}catch(Exception m){System.out.println("Exception occured: "+m);}

}
}
Output:Exception occured: InvalidAgeException:not valid
rest of the code...
Additional Notes
Java Exception propagation

An exception is first thrown from the top of the stack and if it is not caught, it drops down the call
stack to the previous method,If not caught there, the exception again drops down to the previous
method, and so on until they are caught or until they reach the very bottom of the call stack.This is
called exception propagation.
Rule: By default Unchecked Exceptions are forwarded in calling chain (propagated).
Program of Exception Propagation

class TestExceptionPropagation1{
void m(){
int data=50/0;
}
void n(){
m();
}
void p(){
try{
n();
}
TestExceptionPropagation1 obj=new TestExceptionPropagation1();
obj.p();
}
}
Output:exception handled
normal flow...
In the above example exception occurs in m() method where it is not handled,so it is propagated to
previous n() method where it is not handled, again it is propagated to p() method where exception is
handled.
Exception can be handled in any method in call stack either in main() method,p() method,n()
method or m() method.
Rule: By default, Checked Exceptions are not forwarded in calling chain (propagated).
Program which describes that checked exceptions are not propagated

class TestExceptionPropagation2{
void m(){
throw new java.io.IOException("device error");//checked exception
}
void n(){
m();
}
void p(){
try{
n();
}catch(Exception e){System.out.println("exception handeled");}
}
TestExceptionPropagation2 obj=new TestExceptionPropagation2();
obj.p();
System.out.println("normal flow");
}
}

31 Aug 2020 - Lecture12 Exceptionhandling

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31 Aug 2020 - Lecture12 Exceptionhandling

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Exception Handling in Java

What is Exception in Java

Advantage of Exception Handling

Hierarchy of Java Exception classes

Types of Java Exceptions

Error is irrecoverable e.g. OutOfMemoryError, VirtualMachineError, AssertionError etc.

Java Exception Keywords

Java Exception Handling Example

Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:/ by zero

Common Scenarios of Java Exceptions

1) A scenario where ArithmeticException occurs

If we divide any number by zero, there occurs an ArithmeticException.

2) A scenario where NullPointerException occurs

3) A scenario where NumberFormatException occurs

Java try-catch block

Java try block must be followed by either catch or finally block.

Syntax of Java try-catch

Syntax of try-finally block

Java catch block

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero

Solution by exception handling

Here, we handle the exception using the parent class exception.

Let's see an example to print a custom message on exception.

Can't divided by zero

Let's see an example to resolve the exception in a catch block.

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero

Let's see an example to handle another unchecked exception.

Let's see an example to handle checked exception.

File saved successfully

 Prints out exception description.

Java catch multiple exceptions

Java Multi-catch block

Let's see a simple example of java multi-catch block.

Arithmetic Exception occurs

ArrayIndexOutOfBounds Exception occurs

Arithmetic Exception occurs

Parent Exception occurs

Why use nested try block

Java nested try example

Java finally block

Java finally block is always executed whether exception is handled or not.

Java finally block follows try or catch block.

Why use java finally

Output:Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:/ by zero

Java throw exception

The syntax of java throw keyword is given below.

Let's see the example of throw IOException.

java throw keyword example

Exception in thread main java.lang.ArithmeticException:not valid

Java throws keyword

Syntax of java throws

Which exception should be declared

Ans) checked exception only, because:

 unchecked Exception: under your control so correct your code.

Advantage of Java throws keyword

It provides information to the caller of the method about the exception.

Java throws example

There are two cases:

Case1: You handle the exception

Case2: You declare the exception

A)Program if exception does not occur

B)Program if exception occurs

Que) Can we rethrow an exception?

Yes, by throwing same exception in catch block.

Difference between throw and throws in Java

No. throw throws

Java throw example

Java throws example

Java throw and throws example

Difference between final, finally and finalize

No. final finally finalize

Java final example

Java finally example

Java finalize example

ExceptionHandling with MethodOverriding in