PARTS OF AN ENGINE

BASIC PARTS OF THE ENGINE

 Cylinder block  Cylinder head
 Piston  Intake valve
 Piston rings  Exhaust valve
 Piston pin  Camshaft
 Connecting rod  Spark plug
 Crankshaft

2
BASIC COMPONENTS
Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
Intake Valve:-
 opens at the proper time to let in air and fuel.
Intake Valve Camshaft

Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Doorway that lets the gases in and out of the
engine.

6
Lower End Action

7
 Valve Cover:-

 Protects the valves and the valve springs. Keeps dirt

out and lubricating oil in.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Cylinder Head:-

 a platform containing most of the parts of the

combustion chamber.

 Forms the top of the combustion chamber.

 Contains the valves, the passageways for the fuel mixture to

move in and out of the engine.
BASIC COMPONENTS
Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head
Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Coolant:-
 circulating water and antifreeze to keep the
temperature regulated.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod

Coolant
Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Engine Block- cast in one piece. The basis for most
of the parts of the engine.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Crankshaft
Engine Block

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Oil Pan- where the oil is collected and recirculated.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan Oil Sump

 Oil Sump:- the collected oil primarily for lubricating
the crankshaft and rod bearing
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
Camshaft:-

 a round shaft with lobes, that rotates to open and close

the fuel and exhaust valves.

 Through the use of an eccentric the cam lobes push the

valves open.

 The valve springs close them.

22
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Exhaust Valve- open at the proper time to release the
exhaust
Lower End Action

25
 Camshaft
Intake Valve Exhaust Valve
Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
SPARK PLUG ( PETROL ENGINE )
 Spark Plug a device, inserted into the combustion
chamber for firing an electrical spark to ignite air-fuel
mixture
 Electric match used to
begin the combustion
process of burning air
and gasoline to create
heat.

28
 INJECTOR ( FOR DIESEL)
Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion
engine ( Diesel Engine )
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Piston- the part of the engine that moves up and
down in the cylinder converting the gasoline into
motion
Know Your Piston!
Piston Rings:-
 The rings seal the compression gases above the
piston keep the oil below the piston rings.
Piston Pins:-

 Also known as the

wrist pin, it connects
the piston to the
small end of the
connecting rod.
 It transfers the force
and allows the rod to
swing back and forth.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Head Piston
Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Connecting Rod- links the piston to the crankshaft.
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Coolant
Connecting Rod
Rod Bearings

Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Rod Bearing- used to reduce friction to the rod and
crankshaft
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings
Engine Block Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Crankshaft- converts the up and down motion of the
piston into a turning, or rotating motion
 Along the the piston
pin and connecting
rod it converts the up
and down motion
(reciprocating) of the
engine to spinning
(rotary) motion.

41
RELATION BETWEEN PISTON, CONNECTING ROD & CRANK SHAFT
 Camshaft
Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Piston
Head

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block
Crankshaft

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
 Flywheel:-
 Carries the inertia when there is no
power stroke.

44
 GASKET
 A gasket is a mechanical seal which fills the space
between two or more mating surfaces, generally to
prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while
under compression
 WATER PUMP
 The water pump is a simple centrifugal pump driven
by a belt connected to the crankshaft of the engine.
The pump circulates fluid whenever the engine is
running.