1

Bachelor of Science in
Mechanical Engineering
Engineering Drawing (ES 1)

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by Mindanao

Polytechnic College Academic Council. We encourage teachers and other education
stakeholders to email their feedback, comments and recommendation to
mpcgensanpresident@gmail.com

This Self-Learning Material is issued to : __________________

MINDANAO POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

Engineering Drawing
Self-Learning Material (SLM)
First Edition, 2020

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this SLM are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Printed and Distributed at Mindanao Polytechnic College

Office Address: Makar Junction, Labangal, General Santos City, Philippines, 9500
Contact No: 554-0626/09990361177
E-mail Address: mpcbsme@yahoo.com
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Engineering Drawing Self-Learning Material (SLM)!

This SLM was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by the academic council of
the institution to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the prescribed CHED PSG’s while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the SLM:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this SLM. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the SLM.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Engineering Drawing Self-Learning Material (SLM)

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict
skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence,
the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered
to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time.
Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This SLM was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This SLM is composed of three modules: prelim topics, midterm topics and final topics. Each
module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take.
If you get all the answers correct (100%), you
may decide to skip this module.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you. It provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this SLM you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

Self-Learning Material.

The following are some reminders in using the module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in each module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 To ensure the coherency of course outcomes to the program outcomes up to the institution’s vision, mission and goal, the Outcome
Based Teaching and Learning Detailed Teaching Syllabus (OBTL-DTS) for this course is hereby presented below.

OUTCOME-BASED TEACHING AND LEARNING

DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS
ENGINEERING DRAWING (ES 1)

INSTITUTION:

MPC VISION

The Mindanao Polytechnic College shall be a premier educational institution in Southern Philippines which aims to
imbue its academic community with the values of integrity, honesty, transparency and intellectual excellence.

MPC MISSION

Mindanao Polytechnic College is genuinely concerned with the total development of the human person. It is committed
to attain the ideals of excellence through a well –integrated educational program of instruction, research and community
involvement responsive to the challenges of nation building and global competitiveness.

MPC GOAL

The Mindanao Polytechnic College aims to produce competent professionals.

DEPARTMENT:

BSME VISION
MPC – Mechanical Engineering Department is to be recognized and certified nationally by an accrediting body as one of
the leading programs in education and research.

BSME MISSION
To provide high-quality education, research and service to prepare graduates for successful and diverse careers in
mechanical engineering and related fields.
Employing student – centered and collaborative educational strategies, the program strives to prepare graduates to
address the evolving needs of society, engage in leadership and be creative agents for the development of a more competitive,
innovative, and sustainable industry in the Philippines.

A. Coherency of PEO to HEI’s Mission:

Mindanao Polytechnic College mission statements:

M1. To demonstrate characteristics of total development as a human person.

M2. To attain the ideals of excellence through the well – integrated educational program of instruction, research and
community involvement responsive to the challenges of nation building and global competitiveness.

MPC
Program Educational Objectives (PEOs) Mission
M1 M2
PEO Graduates apply the theoretical knowledge of mathematics and natural sciences as well as the background
√
1 knowledge they have learned to acquire the experience and practical skills required of professional engineers.
PEO Graduates advance in their careers as engineers, to enable them to contribute to the developmental effort of
√
2 the country as entrepreneurs or competent professionals.
PEO Graduates manifest good moral and ethical values and the acute sense of awareness of the conservation of √ √
 3 the environment for the sustainable development of the country.
PEO Graduates continue their development in both theoretical and practical aspects of engineering and exposure to
√
4 industrial setting in the form of field experience.
B. Coherency of PO to PEO:

BSME PEOs:
PEO1. Graduates apply the theoretical knowledge of mathematics and natural sciences as well as the background
knowledge they have learned to acquire the experience and practical skills required of professional engineers.

PEO2. Graduates advance in their careers as engineers, to enable them to contribute to the developmental effort of the
country as entrepreneurs or competent professionals.

PEO3. Graduates manifest good moral and ethical values and the acute sense of awareness of the conservation of the
environment for the sustainable development of the country.

PEO4. Graduates continue their development in both theoretical and practical aspects of engineering and exposure to
industrial setting in the form of field experience.

BSME PEOs
Program Outcomes (POs)
PEO1 PEO2 PEO3 PEO4

Apply knowledge of mathematics and science to solve complex mechanical engineering

PO1 √ √ √
problems
PO2 Design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data √ √
Design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints, in
PO3 √ √ √
accordance with standard
PO4 Function in multi-disciplinary and multi-cultural teams √
PO5 Identify, formulate and solve complex mechanical engineering problems √ √ √
PO6 Understand professional and ethical responsibility √ √ √ √
PO7 Communicate effectively √ √ √
Understand the impact of mechanical engineering solutions in a global, economic,
PO8 √ √ √ √
environmental, and societal context
PO9 Recognize the need for, and engage in life-long learning √ √ √ √
PO10 Know contemporary issues √ √
Use techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for mechanical engineering
PO11 √ √ √
practices
Know and understand engineering and management principles as a member and leader of a
PO12 √ √ √
team, and to manage projects in a multidisciplinary environment
 C. Coherency of CO to PO:

Program Outcomes:
The graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering must have the abilities and skills in hand to
perform the following functions and competencies:

PO1. Apply knowledge of mathematics and science to solve complex mechanical engineering problems
PO11. Use techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for mechanical engineering practices

Course Outcomes (COs) Program Outcomes (POs)

After completing this course, the student must be able to: PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 Use basic drafting instruments properly I

Apply the basic concepts of technical drawing and
CO2 I
sketching
CO3 Prepare technical drawings I I

Credit
Course Code: ES 1 Course Title: Engineering Drawing 3
Unit(s):
Lecture Hour(s): 3 hours per week This course is intended for all engineering students to have a firm
Laboratory Hours(s): 3 foundation on differential equations in preparation for their degree-
Year: 1st specific advanced mathematics courses. It covers first order
Semester: 1st differential equations, nth order linear differential equations and
systems of first order linear differential equations. It also introduces
Pre-requisite(s): Calculus 2
the concept of Laplace Transforms in solving differential equations.
Course The students are expected to be able to recognize different kinds of
Description: differential equations, determine the existence and uniqueness of
solution, select the appropriate methods of solution and interpret the
Co-requisite(s): None obtained solution. Students are also expected to relate differential
equations to various practical engineering and scientific problems as
well as employ computer technology in solving and verifying
solutions
 Overview:

Part 1 – Prelim Topics

Intended Learning Teaching/
Equipment/ Assessment Tasks
Topics CO Outcomes Learning Activities
Materials (AT) Time Frame
(ILO) (TLA)
 Engineering CO 1 After completing the The teacher will introduce the • Laptop/Android 1. Draw and submit take 18 hrs
Lettering CO 2 topics, the student contents of each topic and Phone home plates
will be able to: introduce to the class: • 30-60 degree 2. Draw laboratory or
triangle plates
 Instrumental
• Use properly the a. the importance of drawings • 45 degree 12 sessions
Figures basic drafting tools b. the usage of different drafting triangle
• Write down tools • Technical
 Geometric engineering c. the purpose and different Compass
Construction lettering correctly styles of engineering lettering • Protractor
• Draw instrumental d. the application of drawings and • Ruler
figures letterings in engineering • Pencil
• Construct different technology • Oslo Paper
geometric figures e. the common types of
instrumental and geometric
figures

The students will:

a. write all numbers and letters of

the alphabet appropriately on
an Oslo paper
b. draw sample instrumental
figures and common geometric
figures
Part 2 – Midterm Topics
Intended Learning Teaching/
Equipment/ Assessment Tasks
Topics CO Outcomes Learning Activities
Materials (AT) Time Frame
(ILO) (TLA)
 Orthographic CO 1 After completing the The teacher will introduce the • Laptop/Android 1. Draw and submit take 18 hrs
Projection CO 2 topics, the student contents of each topic and Phone home plates
CO 3 will be able to: demonstrate to the class: • 30-60 degree 2. Draw laboratory or
triangle plates
 Dimensioning
• Draw the a. how to draw the orthographic • 45 degree 12 sessions
orthographic projection of a given object triangle
 Orthographic projection of a b. the proper way of • Technical
Views with given solid dimensioning a drawn figure Compass
Dimensions • Apply c. how to construct orthographic • Protractor
and Section dimensioning and section views with • Ruler
View techniques dimensions • Pencil
appropriately • Oslo Paper
• Draw orthographic The students will:
and section views
with dimensions a. exercise the procedure on how
to draw the orthographic
projection with dimensions and
section view
Part 3 – Final Topics
Intended Learning Teaching/
Equipment/ Assessment Tasks
Topics CO Outcomes Learning Activities
Materials (AT) Time Frame
(ILO) (TLA)
 Pictorial CO 1 After completing the The teacher will introduce the • Laptop/Android 1. Draw and submit take 18 hrs
Drawing CO 2 topics, the student contents of each topic and Phone home plates
CO 3 will be able to: demonstrate to the class: • 30-60 degree 2. Draw laboratory or
triangle plates
 Engineering
• Apply the a. how to construct the pictorial • 45 degree 12 sessions
Working techniques in drawing of a given object triangle
Drawings constructing a b. the proper way of presenting • Technical
pictorial drawing engineering working drawings Compass
 Assembly and • Draw an c. how to construct assembly and • Protractor
Exploded engineering exploded detailed drawings • Ruler
Detailed working drawing • Pencil
Drawings • Draw an assembly The students will: • Oslo Paper
and exploded
detailed drawing a. exercise the procedure on how
to construct the pictorial
drawing
b. present the engineering
working drawings of a given
object
c. draw the assembly and
exploded detailed drawings of
a given object
 D. Assessment Tasks
D.1. Prelim

Class Performance (CP):

Take Home Plates - 20% Class Performance (CP) = 60.00%
Laboratory Plates - 40% Subject Proficiency (SP) = 40.00%
Class Performance - 60% Prelim Grade = 100.00%

Subject Proficiency (SP):

Prelim Exam Grade - 40%

TYPE OF
COs to be
ASSESSMENT WEIGHT DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT TASK
addressed
METHOD
Take home plates will test the students’ attentiveness regarding the currently
presented or previously presented topics. This activity is not time bounded but has a
Take Home Plates 20% COs 1 & 2 deadline. The students will submit the scanned plates online or the actual plates in
person if the situation permits. They may ask assistance from their colleagues. This
also serves as a preparation for the laboratory activities.
Laboratory plates will motivate the students to be more diligent and be aware with the
actual implications of the topic presented so that they may able to finish the
Laboratory Plates 40% COs 1 & 2 requirements individually. This activity is time bounded. The students may be
monitored online or in person if the situation permits. They will work alone during the
activity. This also serves as s preparation for the examination.
Term examination will test the students’ ability to recall the principles and concepts
Prelim Examination 40% COs 1 & 2 presented. This will also assess the students critical thinking in situational analysis in
application to the principles and concepts discussed.
D.2. Midterm

Class Performance (CP):

Take Home Plates - 20% Class Performance (CP) = 60.00%
Laboratory Plates - 40% Subject Proficiency (SP) = 40.00%
Class Performance - 60% Midterm Grade = 100.00%

Subject Proficiency (SP):

Midterm Exam Grade - 40%

TYPE OF
COs to be
ASSESSMENT WEIGHT DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT TASK
addressed
METHOD
Take home plates will test the students’ attentiveness regarding the currently
presented or previously presented topics. This activity is not time bounded but has a
Take Home Plates 20% COs 1-3 deadline. The students will submit the scanned plates online or the actual plates in
person if the situation permits. They may ask assistance from their colleagues. This
also serves as a preparation for the laboratory activities.
Laboratory plates will motivate the students to be more diligent and be aware with the
actual implications of the topic presented so that they may able to finish the
Laboratory Plates 40% COs 1-3 requirements individually. This activity is time bounded. The students may be
monitored online or in person if the situation permits. They will work alone during the
activity. This also serves as s preparation for the examination.
Term examination will test the students’ ability to recall the principles and concepts
Midterm Examination 40% COs 1-3 presented. This will also assess the students critical thinking in situational analysis in
application to the principles and concepts discussed.
D.3. Final

Class Performance (CP):

Take Home Plates - 20% Class Performance (CP) = 60.00%
Laboratory Plates - 40% Subject Proficiency (SP) = 40.00%
Class Performance - 60% Final Grade = 100.00%

Subject Proficiency (SP):

Final Exam Grade - 40%

TYPE OF
COs to be
ASSESSMENT WEIGHT DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT TASK
addressed
METHOD
Take home plates will test the students’ attentiveness regarding the currently
presented or previously presented topics. This activity is not time bounded but has a
Take Home Plates 20% COs 1-3 deadline. The students will submit the scanned plates online or the actual plates in
person if the situation permits. They may ask assistance from their colleagues. This
also serves as a preparation for the laboratory activities.
Laboratory plates will motivate the students to be more diligent and be aware with the
actual implications of the topic presented so that they may able to finish the
Laboratory Plates 40% COs 1-3 requirements individually. This activity is time bounded. The students may be
monitored online or in person if the situation permits. They will work alone during the
activity. This also serves as s preparation for the examination.
Term examination will test the students’ ability to recall the principles and concepts
Final Examination 40% COs 1-3 presented. This will also assess the students critical thinking in situational analysis in
application to the principles and concepts discussed.
LIST OF FIGURES

Fig Title Page

1 Parts of a Letter 5
2 . Single Stroke Gothic Vertical 6
Uppercase Letters, Lowercase Letters
and Numbers

3 Single Stroke Gothic Inclined Uppercase 6

Letters, Lowercase Letters and
Numbers
4 Roman Uppercase Letters, Lower case 7
Letters and Numbers
5 Roman Uppercase Letters, Lowercase 7
Letters and Numbers Italics
6 Diploma Text 8
7 Guidelines for Uppercase Lettering 8
8 Guidelines for Lowercase Lettering 8
9 Technical Drawing Instruments 10
10 Instrumental Figures 10
11 Basic Lines Used in Technical Drawing 11
12 Regular Hexagon Inscribed in a Circle 12
13 Regular Octagon Inscribed in a Square 13
14 Width across Flats of a Regular 14
Octagon
15 Width across Flats of a Regular 14
Hexagon
16 Width across Corners of a Regular 15
Hexagon
17 Drawing an Arc Tangent to the Sides of 16
a Right Angle
18 Drawing an Arc Tangent to the Sides of 17
an Obtuse Angle
19 Drawing an Arc Tangent to an Existing 18
Arc and Straight Line
20 Drawing Plate Template 21
21 Take-home Plate 1 22
22 Take-home Plate 2 23
23 Take-home Plate 3 24
24 Take-home Plate 4 25
25 Take-home Plate 5 26
 26 Take-home Plate 6 27

LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the course Engineering Drawing. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This self-learning module is divided into three parts, namely:

 Part 1 – Prelim Topics
 Part 2 – Midterm Topics
 Part 3 – Final Topics

After going through this materials, you are expected to:

CO1. Use basic drafting instruments properly
CO2. Apply the basic concepts of technical drawing and sketching
CO3. Prepare technical drawings

2
 What I Know

Write down your answers on the space provided.

1. List the required instruments used in drawings and the care and uses of drawing
instruments.

__________________________________________________________________________
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2. Explain the use of pictorial drawings.

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3. Identify simple types of letters.

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3
2. Explain the advantage of datum dimensioning.

__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________

3. Explain the use auxiliary projection.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________

4. Draw the isometric projection of a simple solid.

4
 Part

1 Prelim Topics

What’s New

Chapter 1: Engineering Lettering

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, the students should be able to:
1. Identify simple types of letters; and
2. Sketch lines and letters using freehand.

Engineering Drawing course is started with this topic because all drawing
plates is embedded of lettering. In fact, Pragados and Sollesta (2000) stated that
even though lettering is considered as another area of discipline, it is essential in any
drawing because other relevant information in the drawing are labeled to describe
clearly the object under construction that the graphical representation alone fails to
illustrate.

Freehand Lettering – the construction of letters and numbers are done without the
aid of other drawing tools except the pencil; that means the letters and
numbers are written, or to be exact lettered, in freehand.

Parts of a Letter:
1. Stem – the horizontal or vertical segments of a letter
2. Lobe – the curved segments of a letter
3. Swash Line – the sloping or slanting segments of a letter
4. Serif – a short decorative line at the start or finish of a stroke in a letter
(Microsoft Encarta, 2009)

5
 Figure 1. Parts of a Letter

Styles in Lettering:
1. Single Stroke Gothic Lettering Style – letters and numbers are constructed
by series of single strokes that are as wide as the pencil point.

Figure 2. Single Stroke Gothic Vertical Uppercase Letters, Lowercase Letters and
Numbers

6
Figure 3. Single Stroke Gothic Inclined Uppercase Letters, Lowercase Letters and
Numbers

2. Roman Letters - letters and numbers are composed with accented strokes
of heavy or light and thick or thin.

Figure 4. Roman Uppercase Letters, Lowercase Letters and Numbers

7
 Figure 5. Roman Uppercase Letters, Lowercase Letters and Numbers Italics

3. Text Letters – this style is often used on diplomas and certificates, also
known as Diploma Text

Figure 6. Diploma Text

Need for Guidelines

8
 Guidelines – is used to aid freehand lettering to keep letters and numbers
uniformly vertical or inclined.

Figure 7. Guidelines for Uppercase Lettering

Figure 8. Guidelines for Lowercase Lettering

Chapter 2: Instrumental Figures

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, the students should be able to:
1. List the required instruments used in drawings and uses of drawing instruments;
and
2. Construct instrumental figures using technical drawing instruments.

In recent years, technical drawings are still vital in many industries. They are
needed in preparing highly precise plans, sectional views, perspectives, projections
and exploded detailed drawings of objects (Staedtler, 2020). To construct these
drawings, technical drawing instruments are required. Some of the basic tools and
materials in technical drawing are listed as follows.

Technical Drawing Instruments:

1. Staedtler Pencils – primary tools used in drawing straight and curve lines
Grades of Pencil:
a. Hard Grade – 9H, 8H, 7H, 6H, 5H, 4H Light Dark
b. Medium Grade – 3H, 2H, H, F, HB, B
c. Soft Grade – 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B Dark

9
2. Ruler – considered as a practical tool for constructing straight lines and can also
be used to measure short distances.

3. Triangles – 30-60 degree and 45 degree triangles; can also be used in

constructing straight lines and when combined, can be a good tool in drawing
vertical and horizontal lines.

4. Technical Compass – used for creating arcs and circles of different radius.

5. Protractors – used to measure angles

6. Eraser – a tool used for wiping out incorrect lines

7. French Curve – an aid in constructing irregular curves

8. Oslo Paper – a material where the drawing is being constructed; 9 in. x 12 in. thick
paper

Figure 9. Technical Drawing Instruments

Instrumental Figures – figures drawn using different technical drawing instruments;

below are some of the examples of these figures.

10
 Figure 10. Instrumental Figures

Chapter 3: Geometric Construction

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, the students should be able to:
1. Relate example of lines to application and vice – versa; and
2. Draw tangents and geometrical construction as required in practice

Lines Application in Technical Drawing

Basic Lines:

1. Construction Lines – thin, light lines used to construct the views of an object.

2. Projection Lines – construction lines that are used to project the features of an
object from one view to another. They eliminate the need for duplicate
measuring.

3. Object Lines – thick, black lines used to indicate the visible features of an object.

4. Hidden Lines – thin, black lines consisting of 3 to 4 mm strokes and 1 to 2 mm

spaces. They indicate the hidden features of an object.

11
 Figure 11. Basic Lines Used in Technical Drawing

Geometric Construction

A. Regular Polygons

To construct a regular hexagon (Figure 12) by the circumscribed method:

1. Establish centre of hexagon with two intersecting construction lines. Draw a

light circle with a diameter equal to A/F of hexagon to be drawn.

2. Lightly construct the hexagon by drawing its sides, tangent to the circle.
Use the 30-60 degree square.

3. Erase unnecessary lines. Complete finished line work. Centre lines can be
omitted if not required.

12
 Figure 12. Regular Hexagon Inscribed in a Circle

To construct a regular octagon (Figure 13) by the circumscribed method:

1. Establish centre of octagon with two intersecting construction lines. Draw a

light circle with a diameter equal to A/F of octagon to be drawn.

2. Lightly construct the hexagon by drawing its sides, tangent to the circle.
Use the 45 degree square.

3. Erase unnecessary lines. Complete finished line work. Centre lines can be
omitted if not required.

13
Figure 13. Regular Octagon Inscribed in a Square

14
Figure 14. Width across Flats of a Regular Octagon

Figure 15. Width across Flats of a Regular Hexagon

15
 Figure 16. Width across Corners of a Regular Hexagon

B. Tangency

To Draw an Arc Tangent to the Sides of a Right Angle (Figure 17):

1. Measure radius of arc along one leg of right angle.

2. Place point of compass at corner. Set compass to radius measured. Draw

an arc across each leg of right angle.

3. Place point of compass where arcs intersect legs of right angle. Draw two
intersecting arcs.

4. Place point of compass where arcs intersect. Draw required arc tangent to
sides of right angle.

16
 Figure 17. Drawing an Arc Tangent to the Sides of a Right Angle

To Draw an Arc Tangent to the Sides of an Obtuse Angle (Figure 18):

1. Place compass point anywhere along each leg of obtuse angle. Draw two
non-intersecting arcs. The radius of each arc must equal the radius of the
arc to be drawn in the obtuse angle.

2. Draw lines parallel to legs of obtuse angle and tangent to non-intersecting

arcs.

3. Set compass point at intersection of straight lines. Draw required arc

tangent to sides of obtuse angle.

17
 Figure 18. Drawing an Arc Tangent to the Sides of an Obtuse Angle

To Draw an Arc Tangent to an existing arc and straight line (Figure 19):

1. Establish the arc and straight line to which the required arc is to be drawn
tangent.

2. Draw another arc with a radius equal to the radius or the established arc
plus the radius of the required arc.

3. Draw a second straight line parallel to the first and at a distance from it
equal to the radius of the required arc.

4. Place the compass point at the intersection of the second arc and the
second straight line. Draw the required arc.

18
Figure 19. Drawing an Arc Tangent to an Existing Arc and Straight Line

19
 What I Have Learned

1. What are the parts of a letter?

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. What are the different styles in lettering?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. What are the use of each technical drawing instrument?

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_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

4. How to construct different regular polygons?

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21
 Assessment

Instruction:

20
Figure 20. Drawing Plate Template

21
Figure 21. Take-home Plate 1

22
Figure 22. Take-home Plate 2

23
Figure 23. Take-home Plate 3

24
Figure 24. Take-home Plate 4

25
Figure 25. Take-home Plate 5

26
Figure 26. Take-home Plate 6

27
 Answer Key

BLANK PAGE

2
References
Microsoft® Encarta®. (2009). © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights
reserved.

Pragados, E. & Sollesta, F. Jr. (2000). Marine engineering drawing. Quezon City:
Arts & Letter Press.

Staedtler. (2020). In Technical drawing instruments. Retrieved from

https://www.staedtler.com/intl/en/products/technical-drawing-instruments/

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2 Midterm Topics

Chapter 4: Geometric Construction

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, the students should be able to:
1. Relate example of lines to application and vice – versa; and
2. Draw tangents and geometrical construction as required in practice

Objects can be observed from six basic perpendicular directions. The views
drawn from these directions are arranged and edges are traced in lines
recommended by standards organizations such as BS and ANSI. To draw a view out
of place will be a serious fault and this error should not be permitted. The views that
comprised the drawing are those that give complete and accurate description of the
shape of the object. Ordinarily, however, a complete description of the shape of the
object can be adequately represented in three views and therefore, drawing of six
views is not necessary. There are also cases that aside from the six views, additional
views are drawn when an object contains complicated interior parts or the shapes of
the principal faces could not be determined in any of the six views (Pragados &
Sollesta, 2000).

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3 Final Topics

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