Question 1
State, whether the following numbers are rational or not:
(i) (ii) (iii)
(iv) (v) (vi)
Solution 1
(i)
Irrational
(ii)
Irrational
(iii)
Rational
(iv)
Irrational
(v) Rational
(vi) Rational
Question 2
Find the square of:
Solution 2
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Question 3
State, in each case, whether true or false:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv) is an irrational number
(v) is a rational number.
(vi) All rational numbers are real numbers.
(vii) All real numbers are rational numbers.
(viii) Some real numbers are rational numbers.
Solution 3
(i) False
(ii) which is true
(iii) True.
(iv) False because
which is recurring and non-terminating and hence it is rational
(v) True because which is recurring and non-terminating
(vi) True
(vii) False
(viii) True.
Question 4
Given universal set =
From the given set, find :
(i) set of rational numbers
(ii) set of irrational numbers
(iii) set of integers
(iv) set of non-negative integers
Solution 4
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Question 5
Use method of contradiction to show that and are irrational numbers.
Solution 5
Let us suppose that and are rational numbers
and (Where a, b 7 and b, y 0 x , y)
Squaring both sides
a2 and x2 are odd as 3b2 and 5y2 are odd .
a and x are odd....(1)
Let a = 3c, x = 5z
a2 = 9c2, x2 = 25z2
3b2 = 9c2, 5y2 = 25z2(From equation )
b2 =3c2, y2 = 5z2
b2 and y2 are odd as 3c2 and 5z2 are odd .
b and y are odd...(2)
From equation (1) and (2) we get a, b, x, y are odd integers.
i.e., a, b, and x, y have common factors 3 and 5 this contradicts our assumption
that are rational i.e, a, b and x, y do not have any common factors other than.
is not rational
and are irrational.
Question 6
Prove that each of the following numbers is irrational:
Solution 6
Let be a rational number.
⇒ = x
Squaring on both the sides, we get
Here, x is a rational number.
⇒ x2 is a rational number.
⇒ x2 - 5 is a rational number.
⇒ is also a rational number.
is a rational number.
But is an irrational number.
is an irrational number.
⇒ x2- 5 is an irrational number.
⇒ x2 is an irrational number.
⇒ x is an irrational number.
But we have assume that x is a rational number.
∴ we arrive at a contradiction.
So, our assumption that is a rational number is wrong.
∴ is an irrational number.
Let be a rational number.
⇒ = x
Squaring on both the sides, we get
Here, x is a rational number.
⇒ x2 is a rational number.
⇒ 11 - x2 is a rational number.
⇒ is also a rational number.
is a rational number.
But is an irrational number.
is an irrational number.
⇒ 11 - x2 is an irrational number.
⇒ x2 is an irrational number.
⇒ x is an irrational number.
But we have assume that x is a rational number.
∴ we arrive at a contradiction.
So, our assumption that is a rational number is wrong.
∴ is an irrational number.
Let be a rational number.
⇒ = x
Squaring on both the sides, we get
Here, x is a rational number.
⇒ x2 is a rational number.
⇒ 9 - x2 is a rational number.
⇒ is also a rational number.
is a rational number.
But is an irrational number.
is an irrational number.
⇒ 9 - x2 is an irrational number.
⇒ x2 is an irrational number.
⇒ x is an irrational number.
But we have assume that x is a rational number.
∴ we arrive at a contradiction.
So, our assumption that is a rational number is wrong.
∴ is an irrational number.
Question 7
Write a pair of irrational numbers whose sum is irrational.
Solution 7
are irrational numbers whose sum is irrational.
which is irrational.
Question 8
Write a pair of irrational numbers whose sum is rational.
Solution 8
and are two irrational numbers whose sum is rational.
Question 9
Write a pair of irrational numbers whose difference is irrational.
Solution 9
and are two irrational numbers whose difference is irrational.
which is irrational.
Question 10
Write a pair of irrational numbers whose difference is rational.
Solution 10
and are irrational numbers whose difference is rational.
which is rational.
Question 11
Write a pair of irrational numbers whose product is irrational.
Solution 11
Question 12
Write in ascending order:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Solution 12
(i)
and 45 < 48
(ii)
and40 < 54
(iii)
and 128 < 147 < 180
Question 13
Write in ascending order:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Solution 13
(i)
and 45 < 48
(ii)
and40 < 54
(iii)
and 128 < 147 < 180
Question 14
Write in descending order:
(i)
(ii)
Solution 14
(i)
Since 162 > 96
(ii)
141 > 63
Question 15
Compare.
Solution 15
(i) and
Make powers and same
L.C.M. of 6,4 is 12
and
(ii) and
L.C.M. of 2 and 3 is 6.
,
Question 16
Insert two irrational numbers between 5 and 6.
Solution 16
Question 17
Insert five irrational numbers between and .
Solution 17
Question 18
Write two rational numbers between
Solution 18
We want rational numbers a/b and c/d such that: < a/b < c/d <
Consider any two rational numbers between 2 and 3 such that they are perfect squares.
Let us take 2.25 and 2.56 as
Thus we have,
Question 19
Write three rational numbers between
Solution 19
Consider some rational numbers between 3 and 5 such that they are perfect squares.
Let us take, 3.24, 3.61, 4, 4.41 and 4.84 as
Question 20(i)
Solution 20(i)
Question 20(ii)
Solution 20(ii)
Question 20(iii)
Solution 20(iii)
Question 20(iv)
Solution 20(iv)
