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PLC Hardware and Programming

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Amit Nevase, Lecturer

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Published on Oct 6, 2016

Discrete input modules: Block diagram, typical wiring details and

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Published in: Engineering

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PLC Hardware and Programming

1. 1. KARMAVEER BHAURAO PATIL POLYTECHNIC, SATARA Rayat
Shikshan Sanstha’s Department Of Electronics And Telecommunication
Engineering PLC Hardware & Programming
2. 2. Control System and PLC Amit Nevase Lecturer, Department of
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil
Polytechnic, Satara EJ5G Subject Code: 17536 Third Year Entc
3. 3. Objectives The student will be able to: Understand classifications of
Module I – Introduction to Control System Introduction to Control systems
control system. Understand Steady state, time response, and frequency
response analysis. Analyze the Stability of control system using RH
criteria. Understand the fundamentals and diff. Hardware parts of PLC.
Draw ladder diagrams to program PLC 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 3
4. 4. Teaching & Examination Scheme Two tests each of 25 marks to be
conducted as per the schedule given by MSBTE. Total of tests marks for
all theory subjects are to be converted out of 50 and to be entered in mark
 sheet under the head Sessional Work (SW). 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 4
Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme TH TU PR PAPER HRS TH PR
OR TW TOTAL 03 -- 02 03 100 50# --- 25@ 175
5. 5. Module I – Introduction to Control System Introduction to Control
systems (4 Marks) Control System – Definition and Practical Examples
Classification of Control System : Open Loop and Closed Loop Systems
– Definitions, Block diagrams, practical examples, and Comparison,
Linear and Non-linear Control System, Time Varying and Time In-varying
Systems Servo System : Definition, Block Diagram, Classification (AC
and DC Servo System), Block diagram of DC Servo System. Laplace
Transform and Transfer Function (4 Marks) Laplace Transform :
Signifiance in Control System Transfer Function : Definition,
Derivation of transfer functions for Closed loop Control System and Open
Loop Control System, Differential Equations and transfer functions of RC
and RLC Circuit Block Diagram Algebra (8 Marks) Order of a
System : Definition, 0,1,2 order system Standard equation, Practical
Examples Block Diagram Reduction Technique: Need, Reduction
Rules, Problems 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 5
6. 6. Module
(4 Marks) II – Time
Control Response
System Analysis
– Definition and Pr...Time Domain Analysis (4
Marks) Transient and Steady State Response Standard Test Inputs :
Step, Ramp, Parabolic and Impulse, Need, Significance and corresponding
Laplace Representation Poles and Zeros : Definition, S-plane
representation First and Second order Control System (8 Marks) First
Order Control System : Analysis for step Input, Concept of Time Constant
Second Order Control System : Analysis for step input, Concept,
Definition and effect of damping Time Response Specifications (8
Marks) Time Response Specifications ( no derivations ) Tp, Ts, Tr,
Td, Mp, ess – problems on time response specifications Steady State
Analysis – Type 0, 1, 2 system, steady state error constants, problems
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 6
7. 7. Module III – Stability Introduction to Stability (4 Marks)
Definition of Stability, Analysis of stable, unstable, critically stable and
conditionally stable Relative Stability Root locations in S-plane for
stable and unstable system Routh’s Stability Criterion (8 Marks)
Routh’s Stability Criterion : Different cases and conditions Statement
Method Numericals Problems 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 7
8. 8. Module IV – Control Actions Process Control System (4 Marks)
Process Control System – Block diagram, explanation of each block
Control Actions (8 Marks) Discontinuous Mode : On-Off Controller,
Equation, Neutral Zone Continuous modes: Proportional Controller
(offset, proportional band), Integral Controllers, Derivative Controllers –
output equations, corresponding Laplace transforms, Response of P, I, D
 controllers Composite Controllers : PI, PD, PID Controllers – output
equations,
Module response,
II – Time comparison
Response Analysis10/6/2016 Amit Nevase
Time Domain 8 (4 Marks)
Analysis
9. 9. Module V – PLC Fundamentals Introduction (4 Marks) Evolution
of PLC in automation, need and benefits of PLC in automation Block
Diagram of PLC (12 Marks) Block diagram and description of different
parts of PLC - CPU Function, Scanning cycle, speed of execution,
Power supply function, Memory – function , organization of ROM and
RAM Input modules – function, different input devices used with PLC
and their uses Output modules – function, different output devices used
with PLC and their uses Fixed and Modular PLCs 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 9
10. 10. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 10
11. 11. Module-VI PLC Hardware & Programming
12. 12. Specific Objectives Explain the details of diff. I/O modules of PLC.
Get familiar with the instruction set of PLC system. Develop PLC
programming skills. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 12
13. 13. and
Transient Module VI State
Steady – PLCResponse
Hardware and Programming
Standard Test ... PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 13
14. 14. Input Modules Input modules serve as the link between field devices
and the PLC’s CPU. Each input module has a terminal block for
attaching input wiring from each individual field input device. Typically
input modules have either 8, 16 or 32 input terminals. The main
 function of an input module is to take the field device input signal, convert
it to a signal level that the CPU can work with, electrically isolate it, and
send the signal, by the way of the backplane board, to the CPU. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 14
15. 15. Discrete Input Modules The discrete input module is the most
common input interface used with programmable controllers. Discrete
input signals from field devices can be either AC or DC. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 15
16. 16. Discrete Input Modules The most common types are listed below: AC
Input Modules DC Input Modules 24 VAC 24 V dc 48 VAC 48 V dc 120
VACIII
Module 10-60 V dc 240Introduction
– Stability VAC 120 V dc 120 Volts(4Isolated
to Stability Marks)230Definition
V dc 240 of
Volts
Isolated Sink/Source 5-50 V dc 24 VAC/DC 5/12 V dc TTL 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 16
17. 17. Typical Wiring Details 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 17 Input Module Input
Module 24 Volts 230 Volts 120 Volts Common Common Common
Common
18. 18. Block diagram of AC input module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 18 Bridge
Rectifier Noise & Debounce Filter Threshold Detector Optical Isolation
Logic CPU LED Input Status Table Input Signal
19. 19. AC Input Module Specifications Voltage: This is the operating
voltage at 47 to 63 Hertz for the module. Inputs: This indicates the
number of inputs the module has. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 19
20. 20. Points per common: This is the number of input points that share the
same common connection. As an example, one 16 point input module
could have all input points sharing one common, and a different 16 point
input module might have two groups of 8 input points. Each group of 8
would have its own separate common. AC Input Module Specifications
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 20
21. 21. Backplane Current Draw: Each module takes power from the PLCs
power supply to operate the electronics on the module. This specification
will be used when calculating power supply loading. Maximum signal
delay: Signal delay is the time it takes for the PLC to pick up the field
input signal, digitize it, and store it in the memory. This specification is
usually listed for signal turning on and for a signal turning off. AC Input
Module Specifications 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 21
22. 22. Nominal input current: this is the current drawn by an input point at
nominal
Stability, input
Analysis ofvoltage. Maximum
stable, unstable, crit...Inrush Current: this is the maximum
inrush current the module can handle. Maximum off state current: this is
the maximum amount of current, typically from leakage from a solid state
input device, that a module can accept while remaining in an OFF state.
AC Input Module Specifications 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 22
23. 23. Block diagram of DC input module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 23 Power
Conversion Noise & Debounce Filter Threshold Detector Optical Isolation
 Logic CPU LED Input Status Table Input Signal + -
24. 24. DC Input Module Specifications Maximum Off state current: This is
the maximum amount of leakage current allowed in an input circuit from
an input device that will keep the input circuit in an OFF state. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 24
25. 25. Sinking/Sourcing 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 25 Input Device + - Input
Module Input Device + - Input Module (a) (b)
26. 26. Sinking/Sourcing 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 26 Output Load Output
Module Output Module - + Output Load (c) (d)
27. 27. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples
Module based onActions
IV – Control above instruction using Ladder
Process Control Systemprogramming
(4 Marks) Process
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 27
28. 28. Output Modules Output modules serve as the link between the
PLC’s microprocessor and hardware field devices. Each output module
has a terminal block for attaching output wiring to go to each individual
field output device. Typical output modules have either 8, 16 or 32
output terminals. The output signal once received from the CPU, must
be stored before being sent to each output module’s output screw
terminals. The storage area for output signals is called the output status
file. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 28
29. 29. Discrete Output Modules Much like discrete inputs, discrete outputs
are the most commonly used type. Discrete output modules simply act
as switches to control output field devices. They fall into two
classifications: solid state switching and relay output switching. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 29
30. 30. Common Discrete Output Modules Discrete Output Modules Solid
State Outputs Relay Outputs AC output Modules DC output Modules
Relay Output modules 12, 24, 48 VAC TTL Level Relay Output 120 VAC
12, 24, 48 V dc Isolated relay output 230 VAC 120 V dc Relay output 230
V dc 24 V dc, sink 24 V dc, source 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 30
31. 31. Typical Wiring Details of Output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 31
120 VAC Load User supplied Power for Field devices Output 2 Output 3
Output 4 Output 5 COM Output Module Signal From CPU operates
switch
 32. 32. Block diagram of AC output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 32 Latch
Logic Circuit Triac Switching Circuit Optical Isolation Filter Controlled
Control System
Device – Block
Fuse Signaldiagram, explanation
From CPU LED of ea...
33. 33. Block diagram of AC output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 33
34. 34. Solid State Output Switching In solid state AC output module, a
triac is used to switch the AC high voltage and current controlling the ON
or OFF state of the field hardware device. A triac is a solid state device
used to switch AC. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 34
35. 35. Relay Output Switching Relay output modules are also known as
contact or dry contact outputs. Even though relay output modules are
used to switch AC or DC loads, usually relay outputs are used to switch
small currents at low voltages, to multiplex analog signals, and to interface
control signals to variable speed drives. Relay output modules use
actual mechanical relays, one for each output point, to switch the output
signal from the output status file. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 35
36. 36. Relay Output Switching 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 36 Fuse ON or OFF
Signal from Output status table Output Module Relay Switching Device L-
1 L-2 Common to other points
37. 37. Block diagram of DC output module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 37 Latch
Logic Circuit Power Transistor Switching Circuit Optical Isolation Filter
Controlled Device Fuse Signal From CPU LED
38. 38. Specifications of DC output module Sourcing Output Module
Specifications Operating Voltage 10/50 V dc Number of Outputs 16
Output points per common 16 Backplane Current draw 0.280 amp at 5 V
dc Maximum Signal Delay ON= 0.1 ms OFF= 1.0 ms Maximum OFF
state leakage 1 mA Minimum Load Current 1 mA ON state voltage Drop
1.2 Volts at 10 amps 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 38
39. 39. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks)
Module V – PLCDiscrete Input Modules
Fundamentals – Block diagram,
Introduction (4 Marks)typical wiring details,
Evolution of PLC
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 39
40. 40. Analog Input Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 40 + + User Connection
User Connection COM A/D Converter Opto Isolation Micro Processor
Backplane Interface VLSI CPU Input Status Table
 41. 41. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
in automation,
10/6/2016 need andNevase
Amit benefits
41of PLC in automat...
42. 42. I/O Addressing The PLC has to be able to identify each particular
input and output. It does this by allocating addresses to each input and
output. With a small PLC this is likely to be just a number, prefixed by a
letter to indicate whether it is an input or an output. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 42
43. 43. I/O Addressing With larger PLCs that have several racks of input
and output channels, the racks are numbered. With the Allen-Bradley
PLC-5, the rack containing the processor is given the number 0 and the
addresses of the other racks are numbered 1, 2, 3, and so on, according to
how setup switches are set. Each rack can have a number of modules,
and each one deals with a number of inputs and/or outputs. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 43
44. 44. I/O Addressing 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 44 X :X X X / X X Module
Number Terminal Number Rack Number I=Input O=Output
45. 45. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016
Module VI – PLCAmitHardware
Nevase 45
and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)
46. 46. Programming Languages Ladder Diagram (LD):a graphical
depiction of a process with rungs of logic, similar to the relay ladder logic
schemes that were replaced by PLCs. Sequential Function Charts (SFC):
a graphical depiction of interconnecting steps, actions, and transitions.
Instruction List (IL): assembler type, text based language for building
 small applications or optimizing complex systems. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 46
47. 47. Programming Languages Function Block Diagram (FBD): a
graphical depiction of process flow using simple and complex
interconnecting blocks. Structured Text (ST): a high-level, text-based
language such as BASIC, C, or PASCAL specifically developed for
industrial control applications. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 47
48. 48. PLC Ladder Programming A very commonly used method of
programming PLCs is based on the use of ladder diagrams. Writing a
program is then equivalent to drawing a switching circuit. The ladder
diagram consists of two vertical lines representing the power rails.
Circuits are connected as horizontal lines, that is, the rungs of the ladder,
between these two verticals. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 48
49. 49. In drawing a ladder diagram, certain conventions are adopted The
vertical lines of the diagram represent the power rails between which
circuits are connected. The power flow is taken to be from the left-hand
vertical across a rung. Each rung on the ladder defines one operation in
the control process 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 49
50. 50. A ladder diagram is read from left to right and from top to bottom.
The top rung is read from left to right. Then the second rung down is
Discrete Input
read fromModules – Block
left to right and diagram, typicalthe
so on. When wiring...
PLC is in its run mode, it
goes through the entire ladder program to the end, the end rung of the
program being clearly denoted, and then promptly resumes at the start
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 50 In drawing a ladder diagram, certain
conventions are adopted END Left Power Rail Right Power Rail Power
Flow Rung 1 Rung 2 Rung 3 Rung 4 End Rung
51. 51. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 51 Scanning Ladder Diagram END Left
Power Rail Right Power Rail Power Flow Rung 1 Rung 2 Rung 3 Rung 4
End Rung Read the status of all the inputs & store memory Read the
inputs from memory & implement the program, storing in the outputs in
memory Update all the outputs
52. 52. Each rung must start with an input or inputs and must end with at
least one output. The term input is used for a control action, such as
closing the contacts of a switch. The term output is used for a device
connected to the output of a PLC, such as a motor. As the program is
scanned, the outputs are not updated instantly, but the results stored in
memory and all the outputs are updated simultaneously at the end of the
program scan 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 52 In drawing a ladder diagram,
certain conventions are adopted
53. 53. Electrical devices are shown in their normal condition. Thus a
switch that is normally open until some object closes it is shown as open
on the ladder diagram. A switch that is normally closed is shown closed.
 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 53 In drawing a ladder diagram, certain
conventions are adopted
54. 54. A particular device can appear in more than one rung of a ladder.
For example, we might have a relay that switches on one or more devices.
The same letters and/or numbers are used to label the device in each
situation. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 54 In drawing a ladder diagram, certain
conventions are adopted
55. 55. The inputs and outputs are all identified by their addresses; the
notation used depends on the PLC manufacturer. This is the address of the
input or output in the memory of the PLC 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 55 In
drawing a ladder diagram, certain conventions are adopted
56. 56. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Module-VI PLC Hardware
Specifications of AC input& Programming
modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 56
57. 57. Relay Type Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 57 Sr. No. Instruction
Description 1 XIC Examine if closed 2 XIO Examine if open 3 OTE
Output Energize 4 OTL Output Latch 5 OTU Output Unlatch
58. 58. Representation of Contacts and Coils The ladder diagram language
is basically a symbolic set of instructions used to create the controller
program. These ladder instruction symbols are arranged to obtain the
desired control logic that is to be entered into the memory of the PLC.
Because the instruction set is composed of contact symbols, ladder
diagram language is also referred to as contact symbology. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 58
59. 59. Representation of Contacts and Coils Representations of contacts
and coils are the basic symbols of the logic ladder diagram instruction set.
The three fundamental symbols that are used to translate relay control
logic to contact symbolic logic are - Examine If Closed (XIC), - Examine
If Open (XIO), - Output Energize (OTE). Each of these instructions
relates to a single bit of PLC memory that is specified by the instruction’s
Specific Objectives
address. 10/6/2016Explain the details
Amit Nevase 59 of diff. I/O modules of PLC. Get
60. 60. Fundamental Symbols 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 60 Figure : Relay
Contact Figure : Relay Contact Figure : Relay Coil Examine If Closed
(XIC) Examine If Open (XIO) Output Energize (OTE)
 61. 61. Examine If Closed (XIC) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 61 1
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is TRUE 0
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is FALSE
62. 62. Examine If Closed (XIC) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 62
63. 63. Examine If Open (XIO) Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 63 0
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is TRUE 1
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is FALSE
64. 64. Examine If Open (XIO) Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 64
65. 65. Output Energize (OTE) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 65 Figure :
Output Energize (OTE) instruction - TRUE 1
01234567891011121314151617 O:013 1 1
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 01 I:012 04 O:013 01
66. 66. Output Energize (OTE) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 66 Figure :
Output Energize (OTE) instruction - FALSE 0
01234567891011121314151617 O:013 0 1
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 01 I:012 04 O:013 01
67. 67. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 67 Output Energize (OTE) Instruction
68. 68. OTL and OTU Instructions Instruction Name Symbol Description
OTL Output Latch OTL sets the bit to "1" when the rung becomes true and
retains its state when the rung loses continuity or a power cycle occurs.
OTU Output Unlatch OTU resets the bit to "0" when the rung becomes
true and retains it. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 68 L U
familiar
69. 69.with the instruction
Module VI – PLC set of PLCand
Hardware system...
Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, Timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 69
70. 70. Timer Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 70 Sr. No. Instruction
Name Description 1 TON On Delay Timer Counts time-based intervals
when the instruction is true. 2 TOF Off Delay Timer Counts time-based
intervals when the instruction is false. 3 RTO Retentive Timer Counts
time-based intervals when the instruction is true and retains the
accumulated value when the instruction goes false or when power cycle
occurs. 4 RES Reset Resets a retentive timer’s accumulated value to zero.
71. 71. On Delay Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 71 Input Timer
Rung Condition Time Period Timed Output Bit False True On Delay
 Timed Duration True False On (Logic 1) Off (Logic 0) Preset Value=
Accumulated Value
72. 72. TON – On Delay Timer Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 72 TON
EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0
1:0 15
Module VI0– PLCTheHardware
On delay and
timerProgramming
operates such that
PLCwhen the rung
Hardware (8 Marks)
containing timer is true, the timer timed out period commences. At the
end of the timer time out period, an output is made active.
73. 73. Timer number —This number must come from the timer file. In the
example shown, the timer number is T4:0, which represents timer file 4,
timer 0 in that file. The timer address must be unique for this timer and
may not be used for any other timer. Time base —The time base (which
is always expressed in seconds) may be either 1.0 s or 0.01 s. In the
example shown, the time base is 1.0 s. Preset value —In the example
shown, the preset value is 15. The timer preset value can range from 0
through 32,767. Accumulated value —In the example shown, the
accumulated value is 0. The timer’s accumulated value normally is entered
as 0, although it is possible to enter a value from 0 through 32,767.
Regardless of the value that is preloaded, the timer value will become 0
whenever the timer is reset. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 73 TON – On Delay
Timer Instruction
74. 74. TON Instruction – Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 74
0123456789101112131415 0 1 2 Timer Element Word Internal Use Preset
Value PRE Accumulated Value ACC EN DNTT
75. 75. Enable (EN) bit —The enable bit is true (has a status of 1) whenever
the timer instruction is true. When the timer instruction is false, the enable
bit is false (has a status of 0). Timer-timing (TT) bit —The timer-timing
bit is true whenever the accumulated value of the timer is changing, which
means the timer is timing. When the timer is not timing, the accumulated
value is not changing, so the timer-timing bit is false. Done (DN) bit —
The done bit changes state whenever the accumulated value reaches the
preset value. Its state depends on the type of timer being used. 10/6/2016
Discrete Input
Amit Modules
Nevase – Block
75 TON diagram,
Instruction typical wiring...
– Control Word
76. 76. Off Delay Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 76 Input Timer
Rung Condition Timed Period Timed Output Bit False True Off Delay
Timed Duration True FalseOn (Logic 1) Off (Logic 0) Preset Value=
Accumulated Value
77. 77. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 77 TOF – Off Delay Timer Instruction TOF
EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0
1:0 15 0 The Off delay timer operation will keep the output energized
for a time period after the rung containing the timer has gone false.
78. 78. Timer number —This number must come from the timer file. In the
example shown, the timer number is T4:0, which represents timer file 4,
timer 0 in that file. The timer address must be unique for this timer and
 may not be used for any other timer. Time base —The time base (which
is always expressed in seconds) may be either 1.0 s or 0.01 s. In the
example shown, the time base is 1.0 s. Preset value —In the example
shown, the preset value is 15. The timer preset value can range from 0
through 32,767. Accumulated value —In the example shown, the
accumulated value is 0. The timer’s accumulated value normally is entered
as 0, although it is possible to enter a value from 0 through 32,767.
Regardless of the value that is preloaded, the timer value will become 0
whenever the timer is reset. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 78 TOF – Off Delay
Timer Instruction
79. 79. TOF Instruction – Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 79
0123456789101112131415 0 1 2 Timer Element Word Internal Use Preset
Value PRE Accumulated Value ACC EN DNTT
80. 80.Modules
Input Enable (EN)
Input bit —Theserve
modules enableasbit
theislink
truebetween
(has a status
field of 1) whenever
devices and
the timer instruction is true. When the timer instruction is false, the enable
bit is false (has a status of 0). Timer-timing (TT) bit —The timer-timing
bit is true whenever the accumulated value of the timer is changing, which
means the timer is timing. When the timer is not timing, the accumulated
value is not changing, so the timer-timing bit is false. Done (DN) bit —
The done bit changes state whenever the accumulated value reaches the
preset value. Its state depends on the type of timer being used. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 80 TOF Instruction – Control Word
81. 81. RTO – Retentive Timer A retentive timer accumulates time
whenever the device receives power, and it maintains the current time
should power be removed from the device. Once the device accumulates
time equal to its preset value, the contacts of the device change state.
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 81 RTO EN DN RETENTIVE TIMER ON Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0 1:0 15 0
82. 82. RTO – Timer Programmed Logic 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 82 RTO EN
DN RETENTIVE TIMER ON Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0
1:0 7 0 PB1 T4:2 PL DN
83. 83. RTO – Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 83 -----------------------
------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Time Input Timer T4:2
Enable Bit Accumulated Value Accumulated Value retained When rung
condition goes false Acc Value = Pre Value Timer T4:2 Done Bit PL
Output False True On Off On Off On Off
the84.
PLC’s CPU.– Reset
84. RES EachInstruction
input moduleBecause
has a termina...
the retentive timer does not reset
to 0 when the timer is de-energized, the reset instruction RES must be used
to reset the timer. The RES instruction given the same address (T4:2) as
 the RTO. When reset pushbutton closes, RES resets the accumulated
time to 0 and DN bit to 0, turning output off. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 84
Reset RES T4:2
85. 85. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, Counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 85
86. 86. Counter Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 86 Sr. No. Instruction
Name Description 1 CTU Up counter Increments the accumulated value at
each false-to-true transition and retains the accumulated value when an
off/on power cycle occurs. 2 CTD Down counter Decrements the
accumulated value at each false-to-true transition and retains the
accumulated value when an on/off power cycle occurs. 3 HSC High Speed
Counter Counts high-speed pulses from a high- speed input. 4 RES Reset
Resets
Discrete a counter’s
Input Modulesaccumulated value
The discrete to zero.
input module is the most common
87. 87. UP Counter Counting Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 87 Limit
Switch Counter UP Counter Value +4 Accumulated Value= preset = output
OFF ON
88. 88. CTU – Up Counter Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 88 CTU CU
DN COUNT – UP COUNTER Counter Preset Accumulated C5:0 7 0 RES
C5:0/CU C5:0/DN C5:0/OV C5:0 Counter Enable Bit Counter Done Bit
Overflow Status Bit Counter Reset Instruction
89. 89. CTU – Up Counter Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 89 ----------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------- Count Up Input DN Bit of
Counter Reset Accumulated Value 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PRE Value =7 1 2 3 4 5 6
7TRUE FALSE
90. 90. CTU – UP Counter Instruction Counter Number —This number
must come from the counter fi le. In the example shown, the counter
number is C5:0, which represents counter file 5, counter 0 in that file. The
address for this counter should not be used for any other count-up counter.
Preset Value —The preset value can range from 232,768 to 132,767. In
the example shown, the preset value is 10. Accumulated Value —The
 accumulated value can also range from 232,768 through 132,767.
Typically, as in this example, the value entered in the accumulated word is
0. Regardless of what value is entered, the reset instruction will reset the
accumulated value to 0. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 90
91. 91. CTU – UP Counter Instruction Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase
91 C5:N used
input interface Bit 15 14 13
with 12 11 10 09 controllers.
programmable 08 07 06 05...04 03 02 01 00 C5:N:0
Word 0 CU CD DN OV UN UA INTERNAL USE (not addressable)
C5:N:1 Word 1 PRESET VALUE C5:N:2 Word 2 ACCUMULATED
VALUE
92. 92. Count-Up (CU) Enable Bit —The count-up enable bit is used with
the count-up counter and is true whenever the count-up counter instruction
is true. If the count- up counter instruction is false, the CU bit is false.
Done (DN) Bit —The done bit is true whenever the accumulated value is
equal to or greater than the preset value of the counter, for either the count-
up or the count-down counter. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 92 CTU – UP
Counter Instruction Control Word
93. 93. Overflow (OV) Bit —The overflow bit is true whenever the counter
counts past its maximum value, which is 32,767. On the next count, the
counter will wrap around to 32,768 and will continue counting from there
toward 0 on successive false-to- true transitions of the count-up counter.
Update Accumulator (UA) Bit —The update accumulator bit is used only
in conjunction with an external HSC (high-speed counter). 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 93 CTU – UP Counter Instruction Control Word
94. 94. DOWN Counter Counting Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 94
Proximity Switch Counter Down Counter Value -5 Accumulated Value=
Preset = output OFF ON
95. 95. CTD – Down Counter Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 95 CTD CD
DN COUNT – DOWN COUNTER Counter Preset Accumulated C5:0 7 0
RES C5:0/CD C5:0/DN C5:0/UN C5:0 Counter Enable Bit Counter Done
Bit Underflow Status Bit Counter Reset Instruction
96. 96. CTD – Down Counter Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 96 ------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discrete Input Modules The most common types are listed below: -----------------
AC Input
------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------- Count Down Input DN Bit
of Counter Reset Accumulated Value 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PRE Value 1 2 3 4 5 6
7TRUE FALSE
97. 97. CTD – Down Counter Instruction Counter Number —This number
must come from the counter fi le. In the example shown, the counter
number is C5:0, which represents counter file 5, counter 0 in that file. The
address for this counter should not be used for any other count-up counter.
Preset Value —The preset value can range from 232,768 to 132,767. In
the example shown, the preset value is 10. Accumulated Value —The
 accumulated value can also range from 232,768 through 132,767.
Typically, as in this example, the value entered in the accumulated word is
0. Regardless of what value is entered, the reset instruction will reset the
accumulated value to 0. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 97
98. 98. CTD – Down Counter Instruction Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 98 C5:N Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
C5:N:0 Word 0 CU CD DN OV UN UA INTERNAL USE (not
addressable) C5:N:1 Word 1 PRESET VALUE C5:N:2 Word 2
ACCUMULATED VALUE
99. 99. Count-Down (CD) Enable Bit —The count-down enable bit is used
with the count-down counter and is true whenever the count-down counter
instruction is true. If the count- down counter instruction is false, the CD
bit is false. Done (DN) Bit —The done bit is true whenever the
accumulated value is equal to or greater than the preset value of the
counter,
Modules for either
DC Input the count-up
Modules 24 VAC 24or V
thedccount-
48 VACdown
48 counter.
... 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 99 CTU – UP Counter Instruction Control Word
100. 100. Underflow (UN) Bit —The underflow bit will go true when the
counter counts below 32,768. The counter will wrap around to 132,767
and continue counting down toward 0 on successive false-to-true rung
transitions of the count-down counter. Update Accumulator (UA) Bit —
The update accumulator bit is used only in conjunction with an external
HSC (high-speed counter). 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 100 CTU – UP
Counter Instruction Control Word
101. 101. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, Data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 101
102. 102. Data Handling Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 102 Sr. No.
Instruction Name Description 1 MOV Move Moves the source value to the
destination. 2 MVM Masked Move Moves data from a source location to a
selected portion of the destination.
103. 103. MOV Instruction The MOV instruction is used to copy data from
source
Typical wordDetails
Wiring to destination word.
10/6/2016 Amit10/6/2016
Nevase 17Amit Nevase
Input 103Input
Module MOV
MOVE Source Destination N7:30 N7:20
 104. 104. MOV Instruction When the rung is true, input switch A closed, the
value stored at the source address, N7:30, is copied into the destination
address, N7:20. When the rung goes false, input switch A opened, the
destination address will retain the value unless it is changed elsewhere in
the program. The source value remains unchanged and no data
conversion occurs. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 104 MOV MOVE Source
Destination N7:30 N7:20 PB1 N7:30 N7:20
105. 105. MVM Instruction The move with mask (MVM) instruction differs
slightly from the MOV instruction because a mask word is involved in the
move. The data being moved must pass through the mask to get to their
destination address. Masking refers to the action of hiding a portion of a
binary word before transferring it to the destination address. 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 105
106. 106. MVM Instruction The pattern of characters in the mask determines
which source bits will be passed through to the destination address. The
bits in the mask that are set to zero (0) do not pass data. Only the bits in
the mask that are set to one (1) will pass the source data through to the
destination. Bits in the destination are not affected when the
corresponding bits in the mask are zero. The MVM instruction is used
to copy the desired part of a 16-bit word by masking the rest of the value.
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 106 MVM MASKED MOVE Source Destination
B3:0 B3:4 1010101010101010 Mask B3:1 FF0F 1010101011001010
107. 107. MVM Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 107 MVM MASKED
ModuleMOVE Source
24 Volts Destination
230 Volts B3:0
120 Volts B3:4 1010101010101010
Common Common Commo... Mask B3:1
FF0F 1010101011001010 PB1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1000011111100110011001100101010101100101
0 Source B3:0 Mask FF0F Destination B3:4 before instruction went true
Destination B3:4 after instruction went true
108. 108. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, Logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 108
109. 109. Logical Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 109 Sr. No. Instruction
Name Description 1 AND Logical AND Perform Bitwise AND operation
 2 OR Logical OR Perform Bitwise OR operation 3 XOR Logical XOR
Perform Bitwise XOR operation
110. 110. Logical Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 110 Sr. No. Instruction
Name Description 4 NOT Inversion Perform inversion of given source 5
CLR Clear Clear destination
111. 111. AND – Logical AND Instruction The AND command is used to
Block diagram
perform theof AC AND
logic input instruction
module 10/6/2016
on each Amit
bit ofNevase 18in
the value Bridge
source A
with each bit of the value of source B, storing the output logic in the
destination. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 111 AND BITWISE AND Source A
Destination B3:0 B3:2 B3:1Source B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 B3:0 B3:2 B3:1
112. 112. OR – Logical OR Instruction The OR command is used to perform
the logic OR instruction on each bit of the value in source A with each bit
of the value of source B, storing the output logic in the destination.
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 112 OR BITWISE INCLUSIVE OR Source A
Destination B3:0 B3:2 B3:1Source B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 B3:0 B3:2 B3:1
113. 113. XOR – Logical XOR Instruction The XOR command is used to
perform the logic XOR instruction on each bit of the value in source A
with each bit of the value of source B, storing the output logic in the
destination. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 113 XOR BITWISE EXCLUSIVE
OR Source A Destination B3:0 B3:2 B3:1Source B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 B3:0
B3:2 B3:1
114. 114. NOT – Inversion Instruction The NOT instruction is used to
perform the NOT logic on the value in the source, bit by bit. The output
logic value returned in the destination is the one's complement or opposite
of the value in the source. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 114 NOT NOT Source
Destination B3:0 B3:1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
0 1 0 1 B3:0 B3:1
115. 115. CLR – Clear Instruction The CLR instruction is used to set the
destination value of a word to zero. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 115 CLR
CLEAR
Rectifier NoiseDestination
& Debounce B3:1 0 0Threshold
Filter 0 0 0 0 0 0Detector
0 0 0 0 Opti...
0 0 0 0B3:1
116. 116. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and Comparison instructions PLC programming
 examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 116
117. 117. Data Compare Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 117 Sr. No.
Instruction Name Description 1 EQU Equal Tests whether two values are
equal. 2 NEQ Not Equal Tests whether one value is not equal to a second
value. 3 LES Less Than Tests whether one value is less than a second
value.
118. 118. Data Compare Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 118 Sr. No.
Instruction Name Description 4 GRT Greater Than Tests whether one
value is greater than a second value. 5 LEQ Less Than or Equal Tests
whether one value is less than or equal to a second value. 6 GEQ Greater
Than or Equal Tests whether one value is greater than or equal to a second
value.
119. 119. EQU – Equal Instruction The equal (EQU) instruction is an input
instruction that compares source A to source B: when source A is equal to
AC source
Input Module Specifications
B, the instruction Voltage:
is logically true;This is the operating
otherwise voltage
it is logically at 47
false.
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 119 EQU EQUAL Source A Source B T4:0.ACC
N7:40
120. 120. NEQ – Not Equal Instruction The not equal (NEQ) instruction is
an input instruction that compares source A to source B: when source A is
not equal to source B, the instruction is logically true; otherwise it is
logically false. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 120 NEQ NOT EQUAL Source A
Source B N7:5 25
121. 121. GRT – Greater Than Instruction The greater than (GRT) instruction
is an input instruction that compares source A to source B: when source A
is greater than source B, the instruction is logically true; otherwise it is
logically false. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 121 GRT GREATER THAN
Source A Source B T4:0.ACC 200
122. 122. LES – Less Than Instruction The less than (LES) instruction is an
input instruction that compares source A to source B: when source A is
less than source B, the instruction is logically true; otherwise it is logically
false. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 122 LES LESS THAN Source A Source B
C5:10.ACC 350
123. 123. GEQ – Greater Than or Equal Instruction The greater than or equal
(GEQ) instruction is an input instruction that compares source A to source
B: when source A is greater than or equal to source B, the instruction is
logically true; otherwise it is logically false. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 123
GEQ GREATER THAN OR EQUAL Source A Source B N7:55 N7:12
124. 124. LEQ – Less Than or Equal Instruction The less than or equal
(LEQ) instruction is an input instruction that compares source A to source
B: when source A is less than or equal to source B, the instruction is
logically
to 63 Hertz true;module.
for the otherwiseInputs:
it is logically
This i...false. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 124
LEQ LESS THAN OR EQUAL Source A Source B C5:1.ACC 457
125. 125. Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8
Marks) Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring details,
Specifications of AC input modules and DC input modules. Sinking and
sourcing concept in DC input modules Discrete Output Modules –
Block diagram, typical wiring details, Specifications of AC output
modules and DC output modules. Analog Input and output modules :
Block diagram, typical wiring details and specifications PLC
Programming (16 Marks) I/O Addressing in PLC PLC Instruction Set
: Relay instructions, timer instructions, counter instructions, data handling
instructions, logical and comparison instructions PLC programming
examples based on above instruction using Ladder programming
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 125
126. 126. Ladder Diagram for AND Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 126 Applied
Voltage Input A Input B Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b) (c)
127. 127. Ladder Diagram for OR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 127 B Applied
Voltage Input A Input B Output Input A Input B Output Input A Input B
Output (a) (b) (c) (d)
128. 128. Ladder Diagram for NOT Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 128 A
Applied Voltage Input A Output Input A Output (a) (b) (c)
129. 129. Ladder Diagram for NAND Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 129 Input
A Input B Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b)
130. 130. Ladder Diagram for NOR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 130 Input A
Input B Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b)
131. 131. Ladder Diagram for Ex-OR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 131 Input
Points perBcommon:
A Input ThisAisInput
Output Input the number of input
B Output Inputpoints that
A Input B share
(a) (b)the same
132. 132. Ladder Diagram for Ex-NOR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 132 Input
A Input B Output Input A Input B Output Input A Input B (a) (b)
133. 133. Ladder diagram with Multiple Outputs 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 133
Input Output A Output A Output B Input Output B
134. 134. Ladder diagram with Multiple Inputs and Outputs 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 134 Input A Output A Input A Output A Input B Output B Input B
Output B
135. 135. Example 1 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 135 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagram A B C Y A C Y B
136. 136. Example 2 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 136 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagramA B C Y A C Y B D D
137. 137. Example 3 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 137 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagram A B C Y A B Y C
138. 138. Example 4 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 138 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagram A B Y A B Y C C D D
139. 139. Example 5 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 139 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagram A B Y A B Y
 140. 140. Example 6 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 140 Draw Ladder diagram for
given logic diagram A B C Y A C Y B
141. 141. Example 7 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 141 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression A B Y Y ABC D CD
142. 142. Example 8 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 142 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression C D Y ( )Y A B CD AB
143. 143. Example 9 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 143 Draw Ladder diagram for
common connection.
given As an example,
Boolean Expression A B one
Y Y 16
ABpoint...
C C
144. 144. Example 10 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 144 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression A C Y ( )Y A B CD DB
145. 145. Example 11 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 145 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( )Y ABC DEF CDEF
146. 146. Example 12 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 146 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( )Y A B A B C C
147. 147. Example 13 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 147 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( ) ( )Y ABC AB ABC CAB
ABC
148. 148. Example 14 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 148 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Boolean Expression B A Y ( ) ( )Y A B C B A C ABCC
149. 149. Example 15 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 149 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Logic Table SW Lamp 1 1 0 0 SW Lamp
150. 150. Example 16 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 150 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Logic Table SW Lamp 0 1 1 0 SW Lamp
151. 151. Example 17 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 151 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
1SW1 Lamp 1 SW1 Lamp 2 SW2 SW2
152. 152. Example 18 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 152 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
0SW1 Lamp 1 SW1 Lamp 2 SW2 SW2
153. 153. Example 19 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 153 Draw Ladder diagram for
given Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0SW1 Lamp 1 Lamp 2 SW2 SW1 SW2
154. 154. Example 20 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 154 Draw Ladder diagram for
Backplane Current
given Logic TableDraw:
SW1 SW2EachLamp
module takes power
1 Lamp 2 Lampfrom the PLCs
3 Lamp 4 0 0 power
1000
0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 SW1 Lamp 1 Lamp 2 SW2 SW1 SW2
SW1 Lamp 3 Lamp 4 SW2 SW1 SW2
155. 155. Example 21 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 155 Draw Ladder diagram to
switch off three motors sequentially at 5 seconds interval
156. 156. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 156 EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 5 0 TOF EN DN TIMER OFF
DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:2 1:0 10 0 TOF EN DN
TIMER OFF DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:3 1:0 15 0
TOF SW T4:1/DN T4:2/DN T4:3/DN M1 M2 M3 Example 21
 157. 157. Example 22 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motor operations for
following conditions 1. Start push button starts motors M1 and M2 2. Stop
push button stop motors M1 first and after 10 sec motor M2 10/6/2016
Amit Nevase 157
158. 158. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 158 EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TOF Start T4:1/DN M2
Example 22 M1 I:0/0 Stop I:0/1 O:0/0 O:0/0 O:0/1
159. 159. Example 23 Draw Ladder diagram for parking space counter.
10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 159
160. 160. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 160 CU DN COUNT UP COUNTER
Counter Preset Accumulated C5:1 150 0 CTU C5:1/DN Lot Full Light
Example 23 I:0/0 O:0/0 Enter SW CD DN COUNT DOWN COUNTER
Counter Preset Accumulated C5:2 150 0 CTD I:0/1 Exit SW Reset C5:1
RES
161. 161. Example 24 Draw Ladder diagram for, Three motors can be started
automatically in sequence with 20 sec time delay between each motor
supplystartup
to operate
whenthepush
electronics
button isonstarts.
the module.
Stops allThi...
motors when push button is
stops. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 161
162. 162. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 162 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 20 0 TON Start T4:1/DN
M2Example 24 M1 I:0/0 Stop I:0/1 O:0/0 O:0/0 O:0/1 EN DN TIMER
ON DELAY Timer Time Base Preset T4:2 1:0 20 TON T4:2/DN M3
Accumulated 0 T4:1/DN O:0/2
163. 163. Example 25 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motors operation, a. When
start button is pushed motor M1 and M2 starts b. After 10 seconds motor
M1 stops c. Motor M2 stops 15 seconds after motor M1 has stopped d.
Both M1 and M2 will stop when push button is pressed. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 163
164. 164. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 164 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TON Start T4:2/DN M2
Example 25 M1 I:0/0 Stop I:0/1 O:0/0 O:0/0 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY
Timer Time Base Preset T4:2 1:0 15 TON Accumulated 0 T4:1/DN
T4:1/DN
165. 165. Example 26 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motors system, a. Start
switch starts Motor M1. b. 10 seconds later Motor 2 Starts. c. Stop switch
stops Motor M1. d. 15 seconds later Motor 2 Stops. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 165
166. 166. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 166 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2
Example 26 M1 I:0/0 Stop I:0/1 O:0/0 O:0/0 O:0/1 EN DN TIMER OFF
DELAY Timer Time Base Preset T4:2 1:0 15 TOF O:0/0 Accumulated 0
T4:2/DN
Nominal input current: this is the current drawn by an input point at
 167. 167. Example 27 Draw Ladder diagram for 3 motors operation, a. Start
push button starts Motor M1. b. When motor M1 is ON after 5 min M2 is
ON and M1 is OFF. c. When M2 is ON after 10 min M3 is ON and M2 is
OFF. d. When stop push button is pressed M3 is OFF. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 167
168. 168. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 168 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer
Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 300 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2
Example 27 M1 I:0/0 T4:1/DN I:0/1 O:0/0 O:0/0 O:0/1 EN DN TIMER
ON DELAY Timer Time Base Preset T4:2 1:0 600 TON O:0/1 T4:2/DN
M3 Accumulated 0 O:0/2 T4:2/DN Stop
169. 169. References 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 169 Programmable Logic
Controllers – F. D. Petruzella Introduction to Programmable Logic
Controllers – Gary Dunning Programmable Logic Controllers – Jhon
Hackworth, Federic Hackworth
170. 170. Online Tutorials https://www.courses.ps u.edu/e_met/e_met430
_jar14/cgroup.html 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 170
171. 171. Thank You 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 171 Amit Nevase

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Input Device + - Input Module (a) (b)

Sinking/Sourcing 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 26 Output Load Output Module

Output Module - + Output Load (c) (d)
 Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

 Output Modules Output modules serve as the link between the PLC’s

microprocessor and hardware field devices. Each outp...

Discrete Output Modules Much like discrete inputs, discrete outputs are the
most commonly used type. Discrete output m...

Common Discrete Output Modules Discrete Output Modules Solid State

Outputs Relay Outputs AC output Modules DC output Modul...

Typical Wiring Details of Output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 31 120

VAC Load User supplied Power for Field devices Output...
 Block diagram of AC output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 32 Latch Logic

Circuit Triac Switching Circuit Optical Isolation F...

Block diagram of AC output Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 33

Solid State Output Switching In solid state AC output module, a triac is

used to switch the AC high voltage and current ...
 Relay Output Switching Relay output modules are also known as contact or

dry contact outputs. Even though relay output...

 Relay Output Switching 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 36 Fuse ON or OFF Signal

from Output status table Output Module Relay Switchi...

Block diagram of DC output module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 37 Latch Logic
Circuit Power Transistor Switching Circuit Optical ...

Specifications of DC output module Sourcing Output Module Specifications

Operating Voltage 10/50 V dc Number of Outputs 16...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...
 Analog Input Module 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 40 + + User Connection User

Connection COM A/D Converter Opto Isolation Micro Pr...

 Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

I/O Addressing The PLC has to be able to identify each particular input and
output. It does this by allocating addresses...

I/O Addressing With larger PLCs that have several racks of input and
output channels, the racks are numbered. With the...

I/O Addressing 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 44 X :X X X / X X Module Number

Terminal Number Rack Number I=Input O=Output
 Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

 Programming Languages Ladder Diagram (LD):a graphical depiction of a

process with rungs of logic, similar to the relay l...

process with rungs of logic, similar to the relay l...

Programming Languages Function Block Diagram (FBD): a graphical

depiction of process flow using simple and complex inter...

PLC Ladder Programming A very commonly used method of programming

PLCs is based on the use of ladder diagrams. Writing...
 In drawing a ladder diagram, certain conventions are adopted The vertical

lines of the diagram represent the power rails...

 A ladder diagram is read from left to right and from top to bottom. The

top rung is read from left to right. Then th...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 51 Scanning Ladder Diagram END Left Power Rail
Right Power Rail Power Flow Rung 1 Rung 2 Rung 3 Rung...

Each rung must start with an input or inputs and must end with at least one
output. The term input is used for a control...

Electrical devices are shown in their normal condition. Thus a switch that is
normally open until some object closes it ...
 A particular device can appear in more than one rung of a ladder. For

example, we might have a relay that switches on on...

 The inputs and outputs are all identified by their addresses; the notation

used depends on the PLC manufacturer. This is...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)
Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

Relay Type Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 57 Sr. No. Instruction

Description 1 XIC Examine if closed 2 XIO Examine if ...

Representation of Contacts and Coils The ladder diagram language is

basically a symbolic set of instructions used to cre...
 Representation of Contacts and Coils Representations of contacts and coils

are the basic symbols of the logic ladder dia...

 Fundamental Symbols 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 60 Figure : Relay Contact

Figure : Relay Contact Figure : Relay Coil Examine If ...

Examine If Closed (XIC) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 61 1
01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is TR...
Examine If Closed (XIC) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 62

Examine If Open (XIO) Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 63 0

01234567891011121314151617 I:012 I:012 04 Instruction is TRU...
Examine If Open (XIO) Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 64

Output Energize (OTE) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 65 Figure : Output

Energize (OTE) instruction - TRUE 1 01234567891...
 Output Energize (OTE) Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 66 Figure : Output

Energize (OTE) instruction - FALSE 0 0123456789...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 67 Output Energize (OTE) Instruction

OTL and OTU Instructions Instruction Name Symbol Description OTL

Output Latch OTL sets the bit to "1" when the rung become...
 Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

 Timer Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 70 Sr. No. Instruction Name

Description 1 TON On Delay Timer Counts time-based in...

On Delay Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 71 Input Timer Rung
Condition Time Period Timed Output Bit False True On Del...

TON – On Delay Timer Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 72 TON EN DN

TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0...

Timer number —This number must come from the timer file. In the
example shown, the timer number is T4:0, which represent...
 TON Instruction – Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 74

0123456789101112131415 0 1 2 Timer Element Word Internal Use Prese...

 Enable (EN) bit —The enable bit is true (has a status of 1) whenever the

timer instruction is true. When the timer instr...

Off Delay Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 76 Input Timer Rung
Condition Timed Period Timed Output Bit False True Off ...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 77 TOF – Off Delay Timer Instruction TOF EN DN

TIMER OFF DELAY Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4...

Timer number —This number must come from the timer file. In the
 Timer number This number must come from the timer file. In the

example shown, the timer number is T4:0, which represent...

 TOF Instruction – Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 79

0123456789101112131415 0 1 2 Timer Element Word Internal Use Prese...

Enable (EN) bit —The enable bit is true (has a status of 1) whenever the
timer instruction is true. When the timer instr...

RTO – Retentive Timer A retentive timer accumulates time whenever the

device receives power, and it maintains the curren...

RTO – Timer Programmed Logic 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 82 RTO EN DN

RETENTIVE TIMER ON Timer Time Base Preset Accumulated T4:0...
 RTO – Timer Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 83 --------------------------------

--------------------------------------------...
 RES – Reset Instruction Because the retentive timer does not reset to 0

when the timer is de-energized, the reset instru...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)
Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

Counter Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 86 Sr. No. Instruction Name

Description 1 CTU Up counter Increments the accumul...

UP Counter Counting Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 87 Limit Switch

Counter UP Counter Value +4 Accumulated Value= preset =...
 CTU – Up Counter Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 88 CTU CU DN

COUNT – UP COUNTER Counter Preset Accumulated C5:0 7 0 RES...

 CTU – Up Counter Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 89 -------------------------

----------------------------------------------...
CTU – UP Counter Instruction Counter Number —This number must come
from the counter fi le. In the example shown, the cou...

CTU – UP Counter Instruction Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 91 C5:N

Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 0...

Count-Up (CU) Enable Bit —The count-up enable bit is used with the
count-up counter and is true whenever the count-up co...
 Overflow (OV) Bit —The overflow bit is true whenever the counter counts

past its maximum value, which is 32,767. On the ...

 DOWN Counter Counting Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 94 Proximity

Switch Counter Down Counter Value -5 Accumulated Value= ...

CTD – Down Counter Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 95 CTD CD DN
COUNT – DOWN COUNTER Counter Preset Accumulated C5:0 7 0...

CTD – Down Counter Sequence 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 96 ---------------------

------------------------------------------------...

CTD – Down Counter Instruction Counter Number —This number must

come from the counter fi le. In the example shown, the c...
 CTD – Down Counter Instruction Control Word 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 98

C5:N Bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01...

 Count-Down (CD) Enable Bit —The count-down enable bit is used with the

count-down counter and is true whenever the count...

Underflow (UN) Bit —The underflow bit will go true when the counter
counts below 32,768. The counter will wrap around to...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

Data Handling Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 102 Sr. No. Instruction
Name Description 1 MOV Move Moves the source valu...
 MOV Instruction The MOV instruction is used to copy data from source

word to destination word. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 103...

 MOV Instruction When the rung is true, input switch A closed, the value

stored at the source address, N7:30, is copied i...

MVM Instruction The move with mask (MVM) instruction differs slightly
from the MOV instruction because a mask word is in...

MVM Instruction The pattern of characters in the mask determines which

source bits will be passed through to the destina...

MVM Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 107 MVM MASKED MOVE

 MVM Instruction 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 107 MVM MASKED MOVE

Source Destination B3:0 B3:4 1010101010101010 Mask B3:1 FF0F 101...

 Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

Logical Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 109 Sr. No. Instruction Name
Description 1 AND Logical AND Perform Bitwise AND ...

Logical Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 110 Sr. No. Instruction Name
Description 4 NOT Inversion Perform inversion of g...

AND – Logical AND Instruction The AND command is used to perform

the logic AND instruction on each bit of the value in s...
 OR – Logical OR Instruction The OR command is used to perform the logic

OR instruction on each bit of the value in sourc...

 XOR – Logical XOR Instruction The XOR command is used to perform the

logic XOR instruction on each bit of the value in s...

NOT – Inversion Instruction The NOT instruction is used to perform the
NOT logic on the value in the source, bit by bit....

CLR – Clear Instruction The CLR instruction is used to set the destination
value of a word to zero. 10/6/2016 Amit Nevas...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...
 Data Compare Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 117 Sr. No. Instruction

Name Description 1 EQU Equal Tests whether two val...

 Data Compare Instructions 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 118 Sr. No. Instruction

Name Description 4 GRT Greater Than Tests whether ...

EQU – Equal Instruction The equal (EQU) instruction is an input
instruction that compares source A to source B: when sou...

NEQ – Not Equal Instruction The not equal (NEQ) instruction is an input
instruction that compares source A to source B: ...

GRT – Greater Than Instruction The greater than (GRT) instruction is an

input instruction that compares source A to sour...
 LES – Less Than Instruction The less than (LES) instruction is an input

instruction that compares source A to source B: ...

 GEQ – Greater Than or Equal Instruction The greater than or equal (GEQ)

instruction is an input instruction that compare...

LEQ – Less Than or Equal Instruction The less than or equal (LEQ)
instruction is an input instruction that compares sour...

Module VI – PLC Hardware and Programming PLC Hardware (8 Marks)

Discrete Input Modules – Block diagram, typical wiring...

Ladder Diagram for AND Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 126 Applied Voltage
Input A Input B Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b...
 Ladder Diagram for OR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 127 B Applied Voltage

Input A Input B Output Input A Input B Output Input...

 Ladder Diagram for NOT Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 128 A Applied

Voltage Input A Output Input A Output (a) (b) (c)

Ladder Diagram for NAND Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 129 Input A Input B
Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b)

Ladder Diagram for NOR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 130 Input A Input B
Output Input A Input B Output (a) (b)

Ladder Diagram for Ex-OR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 131 Input A Input B
Output Input A Input B Output Input A Input B (a) ...
 Ladder Diagram for Ex-NOR Gate 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 132 Input A Input

B Output Input A Input B Output Input A Input B (a)...

 Ladder diagram with Multiple Outputs 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 133 Input

Output A Output A Output B Input Output B

 p p p p p

Ladder diagram with Multiple Inputs and Outputs 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 134
Input A Output A Input A Output A Input B Output...

Example 1 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 135 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic
diagram A B C Y A C Y B
 Example 2 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 136 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic

diagramA B C Y A C Y B D D
 Example 3 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 137 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic

diagram A B C Y A B Y C
Example 4 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 138 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic
diagram A B Y A B Y C C D D

Example 5 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 139 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic
diagram A B Y A B Y

Example 6 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 140 Draw Ladder diagram for given logic
diagram A B C Y A C Y B
 Example 7 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 141 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Boolean Expression A B Y Y ABC D CD

 Example 8 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 142 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Boolean Expression C D Y ( )Y A B CD AB
Example 9 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 143 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Boolean Expression A B Y Y AB C C

Example 10 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 144 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Boolean Expression A C Y ( )Y A B CD DB

Example 11 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 145 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( )Y ABC DEF CDEF
 Example 12 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 146 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( )Y A B A B C C
 Example 13 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 147 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Boolean Expression A B Y ( ) ( ) ( )Y ABC AB ABC C...

Example 14 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 148 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Boolean Expression B A Y ( ) ( )Y A B C B A C A ...

Example 15 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 149 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Logic Table SW Lamp 1 1 0 0 SW Lamp

Example 16 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 150 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Logic Table SW Lamp 0 1 1 0 SW Lamp
 Example 17 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 151 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0...

 Example 18 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 152 Draw Ladder diagram for given

Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1...

Example 19 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 153 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp1 Lamp2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1...

Example 20 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 154 Draw Ladder diagram for given
Logic Table SW1 SW2 Lamp 1 Lamp 2 Lamp 3 Lamp 4 0 0 1 0...

Example 21 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 155 Draw Ladder diagram to switch off
three motors sequentially at 5 seconds interval
 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 156 EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY Timer Time Base

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 5 0 TOF EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY ...

 Example 22 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motor operations for following

conditions 1. Start push button starts motors M1 and M...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 158 EN DN TIMER OFF DELAY Timer Time Base
Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TOF Start T4:1/DN M2 Exam...

Example 23 Draw Ladder diagram for parking space counter. 10/6/2016 Amit
Nevase 159

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 160 CU DN COUNT UP COUNTER Counter Preset

Accumulated C5:1 150 0 CTU C5:1/DN Lot Full Light Example ...
 Example 24 Draw Ladder diagram for, Three motors can be started

automatically in sequence with 20 sec time delay between e...

 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 162 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 20 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2Exampl

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 20 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2Exampl...

Example 25 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motors operation, a. When start

button is pushed motor M1 and M2 starts b. After 10 s...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 164 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TON Start T4:2/DN M2 Examp...
 Example 26 Draw Ladder diagram for 2 motors system, a. Start switch starts

Motor M1. b. 10 seconds later Motor 2 Starts. c...

 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 166 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 10 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2 Examp...

Example 27 Draw Ladder diagram for 3 motors operation, a. Start push button
starts Motor M1. b. When motor M1 is ON after ...

10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 168 EN DN TIMER ON DELAY Timer Time Base

Preset Accumulated T4:1 1:0 300 0 TON Start T4:1/DN M2 Exam...

References 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 169 Programmable Logic Controllers –

F. D. Petruzella Introduction to Programmable Lo...
 Online Tutorials https://www.courses.ps u.edu/e_met/e_met430

_jar14/cgroup.html 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 170

Thank You 10/6/2016 Amit Nevase 171 Amit Nevase
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